• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of training using video content on abdominal muscle thickness, Oswestry disability index (ODI), and pain in college students with chronic back pain. METHODS: Twenty-nine college students with chronic back pain participated in this study. The subjects were assigned randomly to 15 experimental groups who trained using video content and 14 control groups who exercised voluntarily using back exercise leaflets. The video used for the intervention was obtained from YouTube, and the difficulty level of the video was classified into six levels. Both groups participated in the intervention for 40 minutes/day, three times a week for six weeks, and the variables of abdominal muscle thickness, ODI, and pain were compared before and after the intervention. RESULTS: In the experimental group, there were statistically significant changes in the thickness of the internal oblique and transverse abdominis muscles, ODI, and pain after the intervention, except for the external oblique muscle (p < .05). In the control group, there was no statistically significant difference in all variables after the intervention (p > .05). A statistically significant difference in all variables was observed between the experimental group and the control group after the intervention except for the external oblique muscle (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Treatment of chronic low back pain using video content is a possible alternative treatment if quality images are selected and the difficulty levels are adjusted.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2024

PURPOSE: The present study was conducted to improve the understanding of the Korean Standard Functional, Disability, and Health Classification (KCF) and its ease of use in the clinical domain of the musculoskeletal system by comparing, analyzing, and linking the KCF codes with items from patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), which are currently mainly used to evaluate patients with neck, shoulder, waist, and knee pain. METHODS: The items of the most widely used PROMs, the Neck Disability Index (NDI), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the codes of the KCF were linked by two experts according to the linking rules. RESULTS: The concordance between the items of each of the PROMs and the KCF code linked by the two experts was NDI,86.4%86.4%, DASH 83.3%, ODI 92.0%, and WOMAC 80.7%. The NDI, DASH, and WOMAC indexes were found to comprise items corresponding to physical function, activity, and participation areas, and were linked to 22, 43, and 31 KCF codes, respectively. In addition to these two areas, the ODI included items related to environmental factors and was linked to 25 codes (duplicated codes are treated as one). CONCLUSION: This research can be used by adding the KCF code to the questions of the currently used evaluation tool. This coding can be easily applied and will contribute to the easy understanding of the KCF.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.349-358
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• 1996

부정교합을 치료하기 위해 영구치 발거여부를 결정하는 것은 교정학의 역사상 커다란 논쟁거리였고, 따라서 진단과정에서 사용되는 많은 분석법들과 발치의 기준들이 제시되었다. 이제까지 제시되어 온 발치기준들(Extraction formulas)을 검토해 보면, 치열궁 장경 부조화, 치열의 전방돌출, 그리고 환자의 골격형태에 기초하여 발치를 결정함을 알 수 있다. 이들 중에서 가장 중요하게 고려되어야 할 진단요소는 환자의 골격형태로, 결국 개개 환자의 부정교합은 그 환자의 골격형태 범위 내에서 치료되어야 하기 때문이다. EI(Extraction Index)는 환자의 골격형태를 감별진단 할수 있는 CF를 기본으로 구성되어 있고, CF는 부정교합의 수직적, 수평적 요소를 감별해내는 ODI이와 APDI로 이루어져 있다. 또한 피에는 환자의 안모에 영향을 미치는 절치간 각과 입술의 전후방 위치가 포함되어 있어서 안모형태도 고려되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상 교합자로서 골격이 조화를 이루며 좋은 안모를 가지고 있고 교정치료를 받은 적이 없는 11.2 - 14.4 세의 아동을 대상으로 하여 두부계측 방사선 사진을 분석하여 EI에 관련된 항목들을 측정한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. ODI이는 $73.5^{\circ}$, APDI는 $82.8^{\circ}$, CF는 $156.3^{\circ}$ 였다. 2. 절치간 각은 $123.6^{\circ}$ 였다. 3. E-line에 대한 상순의 거리는 0.0mm, 하순은 1.4mm 였다. 4. Extraction Index는 153.8 였다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2011

The objective of this research was to examine the effects of lumber stabilization exercise and a general physiotherapy program for caregivers with chronic low back pain. Sixteen people participated in this study and were randomly assigned to two groups for either lumbar stabilization exercise or for general physiotherapy, respectively. The experiment was performed for eight weeks. To examine the general as well as the medical characteristics of the participants, the following measurements were used: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS); Oswestry Disability Index (ODI); Back Performance Scale (BPS); Roland - Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ); and Beck Depression Index (BDI). To compare the general and medical characteristics of the participants in the two groups, an independent t test were used. During the experiment, a paired t test was conducted to determine whether there was a significant difference in the values of VAS, ODI, BPS, RMDQ, and BDI before and after the experiment. To examine the difference in the VAS, ODI, BPS, RMDQ, and BDI values in the two groups, ANCOVA was used with pre test values as a covariate. According to the test results, in the lumbar stabilization exercise group, the VAS, ODI, BPS, RMDQ, and BDI values showed a statistically significant difference before and after the test (p<.05). In comparison, in the general physiotherapy program group, only the ODI and BPS values showed a statistically significant level of improvement. Regarding the degree of improvement, participants in the lumbar stabilization exercise group showed statistically significant progress compared to those in the general physiotherapy group. In summary, lumbar stabilization exercise is regarded as more effective than general physiotherapy for treating caregivers with chronic low back pain. In future studies, it will be useful to expand the research and to examine the long term effects of lumbar stabilization exercise on workers.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.172-179
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• 2017

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of traditional Korean medicine treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis as assessed by radiological criteria. Methods: This was an observational study of 122 patients who were diagnosed with lumbar spinal stenosis and admitted to Jaseng Hospital between January 2016 and June 2017. They were analyzed according to sex, age, cause of disease, disease stage, length of admission, type of stenosis, morphological grade, and dural sac cross-sectional area. All patients were treated with traditional Korean medicine. Patients were assessed with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and EQ-5D before and after treatment. Results: Regarding the distribution of the factors analyzed, these were of note: more females than males (1:3.52); and highest proportions were age more than 70 years (37.70%), cause of lumbar spinal stenosis unknown (67.21%), and subacute stage (42.62%). Comparing before and after treatment, the NRS score for low back and pelvic pain decreased from $6.14{\pm}1.71$ to $4.28{\pm}1.91$ (p < 0.001), and the NRS score for radiating pain and numbness decreased from $6.27{\pm}1.61$ to $2.02{\pm}1.54$ (p < 0.001). ODI decreased from $46.86{\pm}19.40$ to $33.63{\pm}18.66$ (p < 0.001), and gait-related ODI decreased from $3.34{\pm}1.23$ to $2.80{\pm}1.11$ (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in improvement of the NRS, ODI, gait-related ODI, and EQ-5D for morphological grade and dural sac cross-sectional area. Conclusion: Traditional Korean medicine is effective treatment for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Even in patients with severe radiological findings, it is possible to reduce pain and improve quality of life.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Oriental medical treatment in patients with Spondylolisthesis and lumbar Herniated Intervertebral Disc(HIVD). Methods : This clinical study was carried out on 39 patients with Spondylolisthesis and lumbar Herniated Intervertebral Disc(HIVD), who had been admitted from Jan. 2012 to Nov. 2012. All of 39 patients were treated with acupuncture, Chuna treatment and herbal medicine during the whole admission period. Verbal numerical rating scale(VNRS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI) were used to evaluated the effectiveness of the Oriental medical treatment. Results : 1. Significant improvement of the symptoms of low back pain and leg pain on 39 patients with Spondylolisthesis and lumbar Herniated Intervertebral Disc(HIVD) was seen when evaluated with VNRS and ODI. 2. There was no significant difference of improvement by herniated type when evaluated with VNRS and ODI.. 3. There was no significant difference of improvement by spondylolisthesis type(degenerative and spondylolytic) when evaluated with VNRS and ODI. Conclusions : These results suggest that in the case of low back pain and lower limb numbness caused by Spondylolisthesis and HIVD, conservative treatments can be considered as one of the options of treating the symptoms beside surgical way.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate electric moxibustion on patients with back pain caused by road traffic accidents. Methods: This was a retrospective study (n = 112) comparing treatment with Korean medicine combined with electric moxibustion (n = 56), and Korean medicine alone (n = 56). Patient gender, age, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) was recorded for each group at the time of hospital admission. Mean NRS measured weekly, mean ODI and EQ-5D scores were measured 2 weeks post-treatment, and evaluated by paired sample t test. using the Statistical Program for Social Science v. 25.0 for Windows. An independent, two-sample t test was used to test for a significant difference in the decrement of NRS, ODI and increment EQ-5D scores between groups. Results: NRS scores decreased in both groups after 1 week of treatment (electric moxibustion, from $5.13{\pm}0.79$ to $3.86{\pm}0.67$; Korean medicine alone, from $5.18{\pm}0.92$ to $4.30{\pm}0.94$; both p < 0.001). There was a significantly greater reduction in NRS score in the electric moxibustion group ($1.27{\pm}0.59$) than in the Korean medicine alone group ($0.88{\pm}0.61$; p = 0.001). After 2 weeks of treatment, EQ-5D scores increased significantly in the moxibustion group ($0.19{\pm}0.12$) compared with the Korean medicine alone group ($0.13{\pm}0.20$; p = 0.043). After 2 weeks of treatment, NRS and ODI scores decreased in both groups. EQ-5D increased in both groups. Conclusion: We suggest that electric moxibustion treatment may be effective for reducing early-stage back pain in patients with road traffic accident injuries.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.547-555
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• 2020

재활치료를 받고 호전된 만성 요통 환자들이 집에서 수행하는 자가 관리 프로그램의 효과를 알아보고자 63명을 자가 운동 (SEG), 핫팩 및 저주파 전기 자극 (HEG) 및 온열 마사지 (TMG) 3개 그룹으로 나누었다. 통증장애 지표로 통증 수치 등급 척도 (PNRS), Oswestry 장애 지수 (ODI) 및 Roland Morris 장애 설문지 (RMDQ)를 병원 내원시, 치료 후 및 가정에서 자가 관리 6 개월 후에 평가하였고 재발 빈도 (RF)를 내원 전 6 개월 전과 자가관리 6 개월 후에 평가하였다. 각 그룹 내의 비교에서 SEG 및 TMG의 PNRS, ODI, RMDQ는 6개월 후에도 효과가 유지되었으나, HEG에서는 치료 후 개선되었던 PNRS가 6개월 후에 악화되었다. 그룹간 비교에서 SEG 및 TMG의 PNRS, ODI, RMDQ 및 RF는 6개월 후에 HEG에 비해 더 좋았다. 운동과 온열 마사지는 요통 자가 관리 방법으로 고려볼 수 있으나, 향후 더 많은 환자들과 다양한 연령, 직업들을 고려하여 추가 연구가 필요하다.

• Asian Spine Journal
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1106-1116
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• 2018

Study Design: Prospective observational study. Purpose: To evaluate the disability domains relevant to Indian patients with low backache and propose a modified disability questionnaire for such patients. Overview of Literature: The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is a self-reported measurement tool that measures both pain and functional status and is used for evaluating disability caused by lower backache. Although ODI remains a good tool for disability assessment, from the Indian perspective questions related to weight lifting and sexual activity of ODI are questioned in some of the earlier studies. Activities of daily living in Indian patients vary substantially from those in other populations and include activities like bending forwards, sitting in floor and squatting which are not represented in the ODI. Methods: In this prospective observational study, a seven-step approach was used for the development of a questionnaire. Thirty patients were interviewed to identify the most challenging issue they faced while performing their daily activities (by free listing) and understand how important the questionnaire items were in terms of the standard ODI. Thus, a comprehensive disability questionnaire comprising 14 questions was developed and administered to 88 patients. Both qualitative (interviews) and quantitative methods (to establish the validity, reliability, and correlation with the Visual Analog Scale [VAS] and Rolland Morris disability questionnaire) were used to identify the 10 questions that best addressed the disability domains relevant to Indian patients. Results: According to free listing, four new questions pertaining to bending forward, sitting on the floor, walking on uneven surfaces, and work-related disabilities were included. In the second phase, wherein the questionnaire with 14 items was used, 56.8% patients did not answer the questions related to sexual activity, whereas 23.8% did not answer those related to walking on uneven surfaces. The modified questionnaire demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.892) and correlation with the Rolland Morris questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha=0.850, p>0.05), as well as with the VAS score for disability (Cronbach's alpha=0.712, p>0.05) and pain (Cronbach's alpha=0.625, p>0.05). Conclusions: A modified disability questionnaire that was designed by adding two questions related to bending forward and work status and removing questions related to sexual activity and weight lifting or traveling (depending on the occupation) can help evaluate disability caused by back pain in Indian population.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2024

Background: This study examines the relationship between functional disability and work ability in workers affected by low back pain (LBP) through an analysis of correlations between the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Work Ability Index (WAI). The role of personal and work factors on functional disability/work ability levels has also been studied. LBP is the most common musculoskeletal problem and a major disabling health problem worldwide. Its etiology is multifactorial. Multidisciplinary approaches may help reduce the burden of pain and disability and improve job continuity and reintegration at work. Methods: A cohort of 264 patients affected by LBP from an Italian outpatient clinic were included in a clinical diagnostic/therapeutic trial aiming at rehabilitation and return to work through an integrated investigation protocol. Data were collected during the first medical examination using anamnestic and clinical tools. The final sample is composed of 252 patients, 57.1% man, 44.0 % blue collars, 46.4% with the high school degree, 45.6% married. Results: WAI and ODI reported a negative and fair correlation (r = -0.454; p = .000). Workers with acute LBP symptoms have a higher probability of severe disability than those with chronic LBP symptoms. White collars without depressive symptoms reported higher work ability - even in chronic disability conditions-than those with depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The study found that ODI and WAI have a convergent validity and this suggests that the two tools measure capture distinctive aspects of disability related to personal, environmental, and occupational characteristics. The most important and modifiable prognostic factors found for ODI and WAI were depressive symptoms, workday absence, and intensity of back pain. The study also found a mild association between age and ODI. The study's findings highlight the importance of using a multidisciplinary approach to manage and prevent disability due to LBP.