• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.491-501
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• 2021

본 연구는 근무지 형태에 따른 요양보호사의 직무인식과 교육요구도를 파악하여 비교 분석함으로써 노인요양 서비스의 전문성 강화를 위한 직무교육 프로그램 개발의 근거를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법: B 광역시의 노인의료복지시설, 노인주거복지시설, 재가복지시설에서 근무하고 있는 177명의 요양보호사를 대상으로 2019년 4월부터 7월까지 자료를 수집하였고, SPSS Win 21.0 Statistical Program을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과: 노인의료복지시설, 노인주거복지시설, 재가복지시설 요양보호사는 요양보호사의 직업윤리와 자세에 대한 직무인식정도가 가장 높았고, 교육요구도는 노인의료복지시설 요양보호사는 요양보호사의 직업윤리와 자세, 노인주거복지시설 요양보호사는 요양보호 업무 기록 및 보고, 재가복지시설 요양보호사는 요양보호사의 직업윤리와 태도가 가장 높았다. 결과: 근무지별에 따른 요양보호사의 역량강화를 위한 차별화된 직무교육이 요구되며, 초급 요양보호사가 수행하는 직무와 숙련 요양보호사가 수행하는 직무를 구분하여 교육해야 될 것이다. 또한, 요양보호사 스스로가 전문가로 거듭날 수 있는 전문성 향상과 요양보호서비스의 질 확보를 위한 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.513-522
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• 2002

This study investigated stress and the extent of climacteric symptoms in mid-life men, and examined their relationship in order to better understand the stress and climacteric symptom experiences of mid-life men, and thereby attempted to offer basic materials for the development of a health improvement program that may help increase the quality of life of mid-life men. Three hundred mid-life men whose ages were between 40 and 59 and resided in the Seoul area were subjects of this study. The data were analyzed with the SAS PC program using descriptive statistics to analyze subjects' general characteristics and variables of stress and the extent of climacteric symptoms of the subjects. The relationship between stress and climacteric symptoms were examined by the Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and stress and the extent of climacteric symptoms in relation to the general characteristics were analyzed by T-test and ANOVA. The study conclusions are as follows: 1. Subjects general characteristics The average, age of the subjects was 46 and 47.0% of them reported ages between 40 and 45. Of the subjects, 98% were married. In marriage satisfaction, those who were generally satisfied with their married life comprised 62.0% of the subjects. In terms of level of education, 95.7% were educated above the high school level. In occupational background, 59.7% had occupations related to technologies. As for religion, 42.7% had no religion. In number of children, 67.3% had 2 children. In residential status, 79,3% were living in their own homes. In terms of living arrangements, 87.7% of the subjects were living in the form of nuclear families. 2. Stress and the extent of climacteric symptoms The level of stress was scored as $2.94{\pm}0.74$, and considering that the overall examination score is $27.16{\pm}1.32$, the subjects' stress level was not viewed as particularly high. The average score of the extent of climacteric symptoms was $35.37{\pm}0.27$. The extent of sub-domains of climacteric symptoms included skeleton symptoms ($39.37{\pm}2.81$), joint pain ($39.16{\pm}3.66$), vasomotor symptoms ($35.39{\pm}3.01$), other symptoms ($36.99{\pm}3.02$), psychological symptoms ($34.68{\pm}3.01$), urogenic symptoms ($35.03{\pm}3.27$), and cardiovascular symptoms ($33.70{\pm}2.78$). 3. General characteristics in relation to the stress level The subjects' general characteristics that were significantly related to the level of stress were marriage status (F=4.38, p=.001), marriage satisfaction (F=4.56, p=.001), educational background (F=2.68, p=.012), and age (F=2.48, p=.033). 4. General characteristics in relation to the level of climacteric symptoms The subjects' general characteristics that were significantly related to the level of climacteric symptoms were educational background (F=3.26, p=.007), age (F=2.58, p=.027), marriage status (F=2.62, p=.025), and marriage satisfaction (F=2.78. p=.032). 5. The correlation between stress and climacteric symptoms The subjects' level of stress and climacteric symptoms were significantly related to each other (r=0.578, p=0.000). The subjects' level of stress was correlated with sub-domains of the climacteric symptoms including psychological symptoms (r=0.579, p=0.000), joint pain (r=0.479, p=0.000), skeleton symptoms (r=0.477, p=0.000), other symptoms (r=0.467, p=0.000), vasomotor symptoms (r=0.4615, p=0.000), cardiovascular symptoms (r=0.458, p=0.000), urogenic symptoms (r=0.401. p=0.000). In summary, the climacteric symptoms suffered by mid-life men are positively correlated with their level of stress. In addition, the climacteric symptoms were affected by the level of stress.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.209-221
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• 2000

I began the study to identify the issues related to knowledge. attitude and behavior regarding smoking by sixth graders. which will ultimately lead to the development of a smoking prevention program that will not only help deter school-age children from smoking, but also make them aware of the more desirable behaviors and techniques for healthier life. The results are as follows: 1. Smoking Behavior: Of the focus group. 4.15% are current smokers and 18.23% are ever smokers. 2. Correlation between smoking knowledge and ever smoking: Ever smoking sample($11.10{\pm}3.66$) is less knowledge able than the never-smoking sample($12.17{\pm}3.95$), (t=3.23. p=.001). 3. Correlation between smoking attitude and ever smoking: Ever smoking sample($28.12{\pm}8.51$) was less desirable than the never-smoking sample($l2.17{\pm}3.95$). (t=8.24, p=.000). 4. Correlation between smoking Knowledge and smoking attitude: knowledge about smoking and attitude toward smoking are quantitatively correlated in such way that the more knowledgeable the child is about smoking. the more desirable the attitude toward smoking is(r=.17. p=.000). 5. Correlation between socio-anthropological characteristics and ever smoking: family . atmosphere($x^2$=16.49. p=.001), school life ($x^2$=l1.58, p= .003), grades in school( $x^2$=11.89. p=.003), gender($x^2$=8.97. p=.003). friends' gathering place($x^2$=13.19. p=.02), marital status of parents(p* =.03). and family's financial status($x^2$=6.71. p=.035). In addition, Correlation between somking-environmental characteristics and ever smoking: number of friends who smoke($x^2$=76.01. p=.001). information source for smoking($x^2$=48.03. p=.001), whether or not siblings smoke($x^2$=26.07, p=.001), whether or not female relatives smoke ( $x^2$= 15.65. p= .001), whether or not father smokes ($x^2$= 12.10. p= .007), errands to buy cigarettes for someone($x^2$=9.18. p=.010), and whether or not male relatives smoke ($x^2$=8.82. p=.35) 6. Results of the logistic analysis performed to identify the factors correlated to ever smoking show that: one point decrease in attitude score translates to 25.39 times' increase in ever smoking one person decrease in the number of friends who smoke translates to 0.66 times' decrease in ever smoking: the group where the father has quit smoking has 1.40 times more ever smoking than the group where the father does not smoke at all: and likewise, the group where the father currently smokes has 1.40 times more ever smoking than the group where the father has quit smoking. 7. The overall cause-and-effect relationship between the ever smoking and the related factors: attitude toward smoking caused ever smoking by -.43, smoking by friends, by .12, marital status of arents, by .05, school life. by .04, gender, by -.03, and smoking by father, by -.02. Knowledge about smoking (t=-1.67) did not cause significant effects on ever smoking.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.2819-2827
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• 2013

본 연구는 신경계 재활전문병원의 이탈환자에 대한 환경적 요인과 의료적 요인에 관해서 조사하는 것이다. 대상자는 107명의 입원환자를 대상으로 조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS Win 19.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 일반적 병원선택에서는 추천이 35.5%, 환경적 불만족 요인에는 병원시설이 37.4%, 병원 선택인에는 지인이 23.4%로 장 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 전문성, 친절성 및 설명성에 대한 만족도 조사에서 만족도가 가장 낮은 그룹은 간병사 그룹이고 만족도가 가장 높은 그룹은 물리치료사와 작업치료사 그룹으로 나타났다. 셋째, 원무(행정)절차, 진료절차, 대기시간 및 의료비용에 관한 만족도는 모두 '보통'의 선택 안이 가장 높은 분포를 보였다. 결론적으로 환경적 불만족 요인에서 높은 비율을 차지한 병원시설은 신경계전문병원의 수가 적어서 환자의 밀집현상으로 인해 발생한 것으로 보여 환자이탈의 요소로 간주될 수 있고, 의료적 불만족 요인에서는 환자와 많은 시간을 할애하는 간병사(care worker)에 대한 만족도(전문성, 친절성, 설명성)가 가장 낮아서 환자 이탈의 중요한 요인이 됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 간병사에 대한 서비스 만족도와 불만족도에 미치는 요인을 조사하고 문제점을 해결하여 간병사의 서비스 질을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2012

임상에서 사용하고 있는 흉부 CT촬영의 저선량 프로토콜과 표준선량 프로토콜 간의 선량과 화질을 비교 분석하였다. 흉부 저선량 프로토콜(120 kVp, 30 mAs)과 표준선량 프로토콜(120 kVp, 180 mAs)로 촬영($Brilliance^{TM}$ CT 16slice, PHILIPS)한 61명의 조영제를 사용하지 않은 영상에서 기관 분기부 위치의 종격동 영상을 본 연구를 위해 사용하였다. 상행대동맥과 가시아래근에서 CT number와 잡음을 측정하였고, Back-ground 잡음을 측정하여 신호대잡음비(signal-to-noise ratio. SNR)와 대조도잡음비(contrast-to-noise ratio, CNR)를 구하였다. 두부 아크릴 팬텀을 이용하여 선량을 측정하였고, 워터 팬텀으로 얻은 영상에서 CT number와 잡음을 측정하였다. 모든 측정은 3회 실시하여 평균값을 SPSS 프로그램(version 14.0)으로 분석하였고, 그래프는 시그마 플롯 프로그램(version10.0)을 사용하였다. 결과: 상행대동맥과 가시아래근에서 저선량 프로토콜 영상이 표준선량 프로토콜 영상 보다 유의하게 높은 잡음을 보였고, SNR과 CNR은 유의하게 낮았다. 두 영상에서 비만지수에 대한 잡음은 양의 관련성을 보였지만, SNR과 CNR은 음의 관련성을 보였다. 팬텀 결과에서 저선량 프로토콜의 선량이 표준선량 프로토콜 보다 유의하게 낮았지만(0.35 mGy vs. 1.95 mGy, p=0.008), 잡음은 저선량 프로토콜에서 유의하게 높았다(p=0.029). 저선량 프로토콜이 표준선량 프로토콜 보다 유의하게 낮은 선량을 보였지만, 화질 평가도 유의하게 낮은 결과를 보임으로서 임상에서 사용하는 저선량 프로토콜의 노출 선량은 화질을 고려하여 상향 조정할 필요가 있다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.393-402
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• 2013

본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 제5기 1차년도(2010) 원시 자료를 활용하여 비타민 D와 치주질환의 관계를 파악하고자 하였다. 주요변수의 결측 및 당뇨와 골다공증 유병자를 제외하고 최종 1,327명을 연구대상자로 PASW Statistics 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 전체(50세 이상) 대상자에서, 비타민 D와 치주질환의 관계는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 2. 폐경(양측난소절제술 포함) 여성에서, 비타민 D 결핍 그룹1 (<10)은 충분 그룹(${\geq}30$)에 비해서 치주질환에 걸릴 가능성이 6.66배 높게 나타났다(OR, 6.66; 95% CI, 1.004~44.19). 이상의 결과로 보아 비타민 D와 치주질환은 폐경여성(양측난소절제술 받은 여성 포함)에서 유의미한 음의 상관관계를 갖는 것으로 확인된 바, 치주질환 예방 및 관리 시 이러한 점이 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.409-420
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• 2018

본 연구는 여가스포츠 참여자(사회인 야구)의 심리적 행복감의 예측요인을 규명하여 개발을 위한 전략을 제시하고자 시도된 융합연구이다. 연구대상자는 J도 여가스포츠(사회인 야구) 참여자 151명을 대상으로, 자가 보고식 설문지를 이용하여 자료 수집을 하였다. 자료 분석은 서술적 통계, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe' test, Pearson's correlation, 다중 공선성 진단 후 단계적 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 연구 결과 여가스포츠 참여자(사회인 야구)의 심리적 행복감의 가장 큰 예측요인으로는 대인관계능력(${\beta}=.190$)으로 심리적 행복감에 대하여 46.9%의 설명력을 나타내어 가장 중요한 변수이며, 삶의 질, 자기효능감 3개의 설명변수가 심리적 행복감(Adj. $R^2=.541$, F=59.57, p<.001)에 대한 설명력은 54.1%였다. 이상의 결과로 심리적 행복감 증진을 위해 대인관계능력과 자기효능감 및 삶의 질을 향상시키는 프로그램 개발이 필요하며, 향후 객관화된 측정을 통한 심리적 행복감 예측요인 영향력 확인을 위한 반복연구가 필요하다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.5-17
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• 2003

Purpose : The purpose of this study was 1) to classify university student's attitudes toward sex, 2) to confirm the effects of sexuality course on sex-role stereotypes and sexual attitude in university student s. Method : The subjects in this study were 212 K university students in Kangwon Province between 3/7/2001 $\sim$ 6/13/2001. The instruments used for this study were the general characteristics, sexual attitude and sex-role stereotypes. The data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, Factor analysis and Cronbach's $\alpha$ using the SPSS program. Result : 1. University students' attitude toward sex are divided into three types. Type I are called open mined : 16, 33, 28, 10, 18, 2, 30, 25, 26, 27, 22, 19, 29, 21, 9, 5 items. Type II are supporters of virginal purity : 8, 6, 31, 17, 14, 33 items. Type III express love through sexual intercourse : 20, 24, 7, 3, 15, 32 items. 2. There was a significant difference in the appearance and occupational characteristics of sex-role stereotypes before and after the sexuality course (t=2.562, p<.05). 3. In Type III, there was a significant difference in sexual attitude before and after the sexuality course (t=3.576, p<.0001). 4. The data showed the relationships between type III of sexual attitude and sex-role stereotypes (r=-.3 15, p<.0001). 5. Sex-role stereotypes according to the demographic characteristics before sexuality course were significantly different by age, gender, experience of military service, experience of sex edu cat ion an d experience of sexual intercourse. Sex-role stereotypes according to the demographic characteristics after sexuality course were significantly different by gender and experience of sexual intercourse. 6. Sexual attitude according to the demographic characteristics before sexuality course were significantly different by maj or (type I), age, grade, experience of military service and experience of sexual intercourse (type II), age, grade, gender, experience of military service, experience of sex education and experience of sexual intercourse. Sexual attitude according to the demographic characteristics after sexuality course were significantly different by religion and major(type I), age and grade(type II), age, grade, gender, religion and experience of sexual intercourse. Conclusion : This study showed that a sexuality course was effect ive in changing the sex-role stereotypes and sexual attitude of university students.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.183-196
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this research was to assess the agreement between job physical risk factor analysis by ergonomists using ergonomic methods and physical examinations made by occupational physicians on the presence of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremities. Background: Ergonomics is the systematic application of principles concerned with the design of devices and working conditions for enhancing human capabilities and optimizing working and living conditions. Proper ergonomic design is necessary to prevent injuries and physical and emotional stress. The major types of ergonomic injuries and incidents are cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), acute strains, sprains, and system failures. Minimization of use of excessive force and awkward postures can help to prevent such injuries Method: Initial data were collected as part of a larger study by the University of Utah Ergonomics and Safety program field data collection teams and medical data collection teams from the Rocky Mountain Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (RMCOEH). Subjects included 173 male and female workers, 83 at Beehive Clothing (a clothing plant), 74 at Autoliv (a plant making air bags for vehicles), and 16 at Deseret Meat (a meat-processing plant). Posture and effort levels were analyzed using a software program developed at the University of Utah (Utah Ergonomic Analysis Tool). The Ergonomic Epicondylitis Model (EEM) was developed to assess the risk of epicondylitis from observable job physical factors. The model considers five job risk factors: (1) intensity of exertion, (2) forearm rotation, (3) wrist posture, (4) elbow compression, and (5) speed of work. Qualitative ratings of these physical factors were determined during video analysis. Personal variables were also investigated to study their relationship with epicondylitis. Logistic regression models were used to determine the association between risk factors and symptoms of epicondyle pain. Results: Results of this study indicate that gender, smoking status, and BMI do have an effect on the risk of epicondylitis but there is not a statistically significant relationship between EEM and epicondylitis. Conclusion: This research studied the relationship between an Ergonomic Epicondylitis Model (EEM) and the occurrence of epicondylitis. The model was not predictive for epicondylitis. However, it is clear that epicondylitis was associated with some individual risk factors such as smoking status, gender, and BMI. Based on the results, future research may discover risk factors that seem to increase the risk of epicondylitis. Application: Although this research used a combination of questionnaire, ergonomic job analysis, and medical job analysis to specifically verify risk factors related to epicondylitis, there are limitations. This research did not have a very large sample size because only 173 subjects were available for this study. Also, it was conducted in only 3 facilities, a plant making air bags for vehicles, a meat-processing plant, and a clothing plant in Utah. If working conditions in other kinds of facilities are considered, results may improve. Therefore, future research should perform analysis with additional subjects in different kinds of facilities. Repetition and duration of a task were not considered as risk factors in this research. These two factors could be associated with epicondylitis so it could be important to include these factors in future research. Psychosocial data and workplace conditions (e.g., low temperature) were also noted during data collection, and could be used to further study the prevalence of epicondylitis. Univariate analysis methods could be used for each variable of EEM. This research was performed using multivariate analysis. Therefore, it was difficult to recognize the different effect of each variable. Basically, the difference between univariate and multivariate analysis is that univariate analysis deals with one predictor variable at a time, whereas multivariate analysis deals with multiple predictor variables combined in a predetermined manner. The univariate analysis could show how each variable is associated with epicondyle pain. This may allow more appropriate weighting factors to be determined and therefore improve the performance of the EEM.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권11호
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• pp.1551-1558
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• 2009

본 연구는 최대 골질량에 도달하는 20대의 대학생 1039명(남학생 532명, 여학생 507명)을 대상으로 골초음파 상태와 영양소 섭취 및 생화학적 영양 상태를 나타내는 지표들과의 관계를 분석하였다. 대상자의 골밀도 수치에 따라 t-score$\underline{\geq}$-1인 정상 골밀도군과 t-score<-1 골감소군으로 분류하여 비교한 결과 남학생의 경우 정상 골밀도군이 90.4%, 골감소군이 9.6%이며 여학생의 경우 정상 골밀도군이 94.1%, 골감소군이 5.9%의 분포를 보였다. 체적지표인 BMI를 아시아-태평양 비만기준에 의거하여 분리하였을 때는 남학생은 저체중 3.4%, 정상＋과체중 70.7%, 비만 25.9%, 여학생은 저체중 16.2%, 정상＋과체중 76.5%, 비만 7.3%의 분포를 보였다. 정상 골밀도군과 골감소군의 골밀도와 생화학적 영양 상태는 남학생 여학생 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 전체대상자들의 영양소 섭취상태를 살펴 본 결과, 남학생의 경우 정상 골밀도군과 골감소군 간의 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 여학생의 경우 동물성 단백질과 동물성 철분 섭취량이 정상 골밀도군에서 골감소군보다 유의하게 높았다. 평균 에너지 섭취량은 동일한 연령대의 한국인영양섭취기준(KDRIs)과 비교하였을 때, 각 남학생 정상골밀도군 약 74%, 골감소군 67%, 여학생 정상골밀도군 약 89%, 골감소군 81%의 섭취수준을 나타내었다. 평균 단백질섭취량은 남녀 두 군 모두 100%를 상회하는 섭취 양상을 나타냈으며, 강한 뼈를 유지하거나 각종 신진대사에 필수적인 영양소이기 때문에 골격건강에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 칼슘의 경우 남학생과 여학생 모두 KDRIs와 비교하여 권장섭취기준의 약 63%정도로 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 골 건강 상태에 영향을 미치는 영양인자의 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 연령, 성별 및 BMI를 교란변수로 통제하였을 경우 동물성 단백질, 동물성 철분 및 아연섭취는 골감소를 예방하는 보호 작용이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 동물성 단백질과 이들 미량 영양소의 섭취정도는 높은 식사의 질을 반영하므로 질적으로 우수한 식생활이 최대 골질량에 도달하는 시기인 20대의 골격형성과 건강을 위해 필수적인 것으로 사료된다.