• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.543-554
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• 2016

This study examined the fatigue and its association with job stress among male workers engaged in small-scale manufacturing industries. The study subjects were 553 male workers under 50 members of manufacturing industries. The study survey was a structured questionnaire of the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) and Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS) during April, 2015. The data were analyzed using the SPSS ver 21.0 program. The results showed that the high risk fatigue group was significantly higher in the high risk group of job stress than in the normal group of job stress. Fatigue was positively correlated with job stress. The odds ratio of the high risk fatigue group were increased significantly in the high risk group of job stress than in the normal group of job stress. The factors of influence with explanatory powers of 27.7% on fatigue included age, marital status, educational level, subject health status, sleeping time, drinking coffee, job tenure, shift work, visiting out-patient department, sense of satisfaction in job life, and job stress. Fatigue was associated with the sociodemographic characteristics, health behavior related characteristics, job-related characteristics, and job stress.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.605-622
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• 1996

Needle stick injury, in which blood-borne pathogens including Human Immune-Deficiency virus and hepatitis B virus are transmitted, is one of the major occupational hazards that health professionals face everyday. In order to provide basic data for the development of educational programs for health professionals aimed at preventing and effectively managing needle stick injuries, a retrospective descriptive study was carried out .The subjects of the study were 630 health professionals, 499 nurses and 131 physicians, from two university hospitals in Seoul, Korea. Data on episodes of needle stick experiences over the past is months September 1994 through August 1995, were collected between September 1 and 7, 1995. A Questionaire developed by the researcher was used. The frequencies and the percentile score for episodes of needle stick injuries were calculated using the PC-SAS program. The differences and similarities in reference to the structure, career, and specialty variables were analysed by X$^2$-tests. Results are as follows : 1. Of the sample, 521(82.7%) reported a needle stick injury, 33.4% reported 3 or more episodes of needle stick injuries. 2. The needle stick injuries occured in the following processes : process of percutaneous venepuncture for intra-venous injection and infusion(55.3%), medical examination and treatment(48.9%), per-cutaneous venepuncture for blood sampling (46.3%) and intra-muscular injection(42.2%). 3. The study showed that needle stick injuries occured before(19%), during(25%), and after (56%) client treatment. The major causes of needle stick injuries were perceived to be hastiness(82.2%) and carelessness(48.3%). Of these injuries, 91.8% occured in emergency situations. 4. Follow of care for the injury consisted of : treating the injured site immediately using disinfectants(89.7%), reviewing the clinical records of the patient involved(84.2%), immunological investigation for the status of antibodies(11.1%) and self-medication of antibiotics (10.7%). Only 16.3% of the total episodes were founded to have been reported to the administrative unit. 5. The length of clinical experience of the nurses, clinical specialty and length of clinical experience in physicians were found to have influenced the episodes of needle stick injuries ; nurses with less than 1 year and with more than 6 years of clinical experiences had significantly lower levels (X$^2$=25.04, P=.00), surgeons had significantly higher levels (X$^2$=9.89, P=.02) compared to that of internists and interns, higher(X$^2$=4.54, P=.03)than residents.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.267-276
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity in the elderly with osteoarthritis on stress and health-related quality of life (EQ-5D). This study performed data analysis using the SPSS 17.0 program in 104 elderly people with osteoarthritis over 65 years old using raw data from the 7th National Health and Nutrition Survey. The main results of this study are as follows: Males exercised more strength than women, and the better the subjective health status, the higher the rate of walking and aerobic activity. The group that felt stress showed a higher rate of walking and aerobic activity than the group that had no stress, and one group that felt a little stress practiced walking more than 3 days. The exercise ability of the elderly with osteoarthritis was better in the group who practiced walking, strength training, and aerobic activity than in the group without physical activity, and in self-management, the group practicing exercise and aerobic activity had problems with self-management. There was no daily activity, and the group that practiced walking and strength training also showed a high level of daily activity. In the area of pain/discomfort, the group practicing walking showed less pain/discomfort, and in the area of anxiety/depression, the group practicing walking showed less anxiety/depression. In conclusion, it is considered that in order to increase the quality of life of the elderly with osteoarthritis and to manage the stress, active efforts to increase the level of physical activity are necessary.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2020

This study analyzed 183 for dental hygienists working at dental hospitals and clinics in Daegu to survey organizational socialization of them. The adversity index of the study subjects averaged 58.60±9.16 points out of a total score of 100, with the highest individual initiative of 16.58±3.09 points, and a low of 13.86±3.66 points for continuity of the situation. Organizational socialization averaged 123.40±12.82 points out of 190, with the highest personal characteristics of 30.37±3.71 points, and the lowest occupational identity of 10.34±1.94. The adversity index of the participants was significantly higher in graduate school or higher (F=3.112, p=0.047), the lower the intensity of their work (F=2.860, p=0.060), and the more often the degree of turnover (F=5.196, p<0.006). In organizational socialization, age (F=9.290, p<0.001), educational background (F=8.655, p<0.001), and higher position (F=5.425, p=0.005) were significantly higher when working in hospitals (F=4.534, p=0.012). The higher the position (F=5.425, p=0.005), the higher the work experience (F=5.320, p=0.002), the lower the turnover (F=22.935, p<0.001), and the highrer the intensity of the work(F=7.02, p<0.001). The study subjects' organizational socialization showed a significant correlation with the adverse event index (r=0.395, p<0.000). The regression analysis using organizational socialization as a dependent variable showed that the degree of turnover (β=0.300, p<0.001) had a significant effect on organizational socialization. The total explanatory power of this variable was 41.6%, with significant effects on individual initiative (β=0.255, p<0.000) and personal control (β=0.180, p<0.009) among the adverse events index. The above findings confirmed that a high adverse event index of dental hygienists has the effect of increasing organizational socialization. Dental hygienists' adversity index is average, meaning they live a smooth life in smooth conditions, however, when major adversity arises, organizational socialization is highly necessary. In addition, to strengthen the organizational socialization of new dental hygienists, as well as experienced dental hygienists, a customized program should be administered to raise the adverse index of dental hygienists, and provide a human management tool through regular confirmation of the program.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.10-30
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• 2001

Oriental medicine needs to be armed with theories on health-improvement concept under it and basic data matching its views, in order to participate in the health-improvement service in industrial work places. The Orient medicine health-improvement program defines factors that determine individuals' lifestyle, and provides information and technologies for workers to practice in life. To that end, this research compares and analyzes health-improvement concept and health care, defines relations between individuals' health state and their lifestyle as the basic data needed to perform health-improvement business for workers. 1. The subjects employed for this research is categorized into; by gender, males 52.1% and females 47.9% with no big difference between them; and by age, 20s, 6.1%, 30s. 33.9%, 40s, 34.1%, and 50s, 24.8% with 30-50 accounting for most of it. By marriage status, unmarried represents 7.1%, and married 79.1% with most of them married; by revenue, under one million won represents 3.0%, 1-2 million won 26.4%, 2-2.49 million won 11.2%, above 2.5 million won 11.2%, and 1-2.5 million won a majority. By living location, owned houses represents 65.4%, rented houses 14.7%, monthly-rented 9.5%; and by education, elementary and middle school represent 16.9%, high school and its dropouts 22.6%, and junior college and higher 51.6%, with high school and higher occupying most of the group. 2. By job, office workers and managerial workers represent 12.3%, part-timers 21.0%, manual workers 11.4%, jobless 0.6%, professionals 35.6%, service 0.6%, housewives 8.4%, and equipment/machinery operation/assemblers 10.1%. Of this, jobless and part-timers, totaling three, are dropped from this research. By years worked, 0-3.9 years represents 9.7%, 4-7.9 years 6.7%, 8-14.9 years 18.4%, above 15 years 28.7%, and no respondents 36.5%. 3. The degree of the subjects practicing life-improvement lifestyle, on a scale of 1 to 4, is an average of 2.69, personal relations 3.04, self-realization 2.92, stress management 2.76, nutritional state 2.73, responsibility for health 2.47, and athletic activities 2.18, with personal relations earning the highest points and athletic activities the lowest. As for factors influencing health-improvement lifestyle, there is no significant difference between gender, age, and marriage status. Meanwhile, there is significant difference between revenue, dwelling pattern, education level, etc. That is, higher income-bracket, owned houses, rented houses, monthly-rented houses, and higher-educated, in this order, show higher average in health-enhancement lifestyle. By job, housewives, manual workers, office workers, professionals, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, and part-timers, in this order show higher points, while there is no difference with significance by years worked. 4. Factors that affect health-improvement lifestyle are shown below. Self-realization is influenced by age, marriage status, type of dwellings, and level of education; responsibility for health by type of dwellings; athletic activities by gender and age; nutrition by age, marriage status and type of dwellings; personal relations by marriage status; and stress management by type of dwellings. 5. Areas with high points by job show this: in self-realization, office workers, manual workers, housewives, professionals, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, in this order, show difference with significance; in the area of responsibility for health, manual workers, housewives, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, professionals, office workers and part-timers, in this order, do. In athletic activities, manual workers, housewives, office workers, professionals, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, and part-timers, in this order, show difference with significance; in nutrition, housewives, office workers, manual workers, professionals, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, and part-timers, in this order do; and in stress, housewives, office workers, manual workers, professionals, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, part-timers, in this order do. By years worked, more years showed higher points in the area of responsibility for health and nutrition; in the area of athletic activities, above 15 years, 4-8 years, below 4 years and 8-14 years, in this order, show higher points; and no difference shows in realization, personal relation, and stress area. 6. To look at correlation between overall and divisional health-improvement practice degree, this researcher has analyzed it using Person's correlation coefficient. Self-realization, responsibility for health, athletic activities, nutrition, support for personal relations, and stress management show significant correlation with the sub-divisions, while all health-improvement lifestyle shows significant correlation with the six sub-divisions.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.68-86
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• 1991

This study was carried out to investigate consciousness level of physical exercise and analyze factors affection to the practice of exercise. The main purpose of the study was to give basic and necessary data in developing of program regarding to the physical exercise of the people and social athletics. This study was conducted by trained surveyers, for dweller in three cities(Seoul, Taegu and Ulsan) during January 4. 1990 to January 24. 1990. The results of this study can be summarized as follows 1. The subject of criticism an investigation for general charactristic be conducted in Seoul, Taegu and Ulsan city area an objective 417 person, 432 person and 366 person was among those comparatively little more by male was higher rate than female. Those in classification was adopted by age group 20 years old adult 41.3% of most higher rate, age group evaluation, were 24.9％ and other group were 18.4％ comprehensively appearanced by adult group has most many value rate. 2. An objective of investigation survey was made to personnel were comparative an educated level significantly higher such as college graduated 48.8％ this rate of value has most higher, High school graduated ; 30.1％ and middle School gratuated were 11.7％. In addition the native comes from large city, Farming and fishing villages an rural area rate were shown as 29.6％, 28.4% and 19.9% each other. There by classification of occupational job was shown by students has 27.4％ are most higher significantly, also there sales and service field job appearanced 15.1％ and expert technical job is 9.0% Although nonreligion person rate were 37.3%, buddist, Christianity, Roman Catholicism all them each other shown 33.6％, 16.7％ and 12.4%. An evaluation in economic situation value rate was appearanced by middle class level 61.7％ and higher and low level are 14.4％ and 23.9% with each other and married were 59.2％. 3. The people resident in cities area has pratice of health development by exercise person were 43.5% and value of rate for male has exercise practice is 52.5％, was significantly higher than female has by age group 10 years old and age group 50 years old is 52.6％ and 47.3％ was comparative higher rate also age group 30 is 35.1％ of low factor was indicated. Although evaluated an economic situation rate was higher level get more taken the practice of health develop exercise(higher level 60.0％ and low level is 32.9％). Although by higher level of educated were more taken pratice of their proper physical exercise(college graduated rate ; 52.2％ of most higher and high school graduted ; 39.7％ and then middle school graduated is 19.1％) unmarried taken exercise rate ; 48.4％ is significantly higher than married person rate ; 40.8％. Although objective of native area of exercise rate of Urban area cities ; 52.5％ are significantly higher farming and fishing native person rate ; 40.4％ shown is most low.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.387-401
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• 2010

Purpose: The work of Dental technician which is part of national dental health, is more specialized recently. This research provides fundamental data from analyzing student's career consciousness according to needs of a career education. Here is the conclusion of the analysis about student's career consciousness, that is for a right choice of career. Methods: This study did questionnaire to a dental Laboratory Technology student who locate in Taegu. Question response student number was 570 people. Response contents analyzed to 506 people except imperfect questionnaire. Data used windows sas 8.0 program and did descriptive statistical analysis. Results: There is a meaningful difference in what they want to know about an occupation according to ages. (${\rho}$ < 0.01) All ages are similar to their occupational thinking, however they who are under twenties consider working environment. Most motives of an entrance are similar, there is a meaningful difference. (${\rho}$ < 0.05) According to a grade of college, there is a meaningful difference how to obtain informations of a career. (${\rho}$ < 0.05) Sophomores and juniors obtain information from seniors or family, however freshmen obtain from the internet because of an accessibility. There is a meaningful difference of a job meaning between men and women. (${\rho}$ < 0.01) Men are working for a means of living. But women give weight to a self-development. The older they grow, the more they know about their aptitude. Selecting subjects are different choosing time & motive. According to ages and where they are from, there is a meaningful difference how much know about their aptitude. (${\rho}$ < 0.05) Older Students know more than young students. Selecting subjects are different choosing time & motive. In accordance with a grade, ages, and where they are from, there are different degrees about how much know their interests. There is a meaningful difference of a choosing major period and choosing informations. (${\rho}$ < 0.01) And also there is a meaningful difference where they are from and why they enter to College. (${\rho}$ < 0.001) In accordance with a grade, ages, and where they are from, there are different degrees about how much know their aptitude. There is a meaningful difference of a choosing major period. (${\rho}$ < 0.01) And also there is a meaningful difference why they enter to College. (${\rho}$ < 0.001) Conclusion: Although we know that a career education is very important, however lots of students select a career without their aptitude & interest & character. We need to teach a career education systematically; considering students career consciousness, with a proper career guidance, cultivating career consciousness.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.41-55
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• 1999

In order to evaluate the effects of knowledge, attitude and practice on noise-induced hearing loss or hearing threshold level, questionnaire survey was performed and hearing thresholds of 1 kHz and 4 kHz were measured on 1,040 subjects with workers exposed to noise, safety and health officers. industrial hygienists, analysts rind office workers. The results were as follows ; 1. The following 6 factors were obtained by factor analysis and factor rotation of 30 questionnaire of knowledge, attitude and practice about noise; knowledge of noise (F1), concern of hearing protective devices (F2), concern of noise induced hearing loss (F3), concern of noise level and hearing impairment (F4), concern of noise in workplace (F5) and recognition of noised-induced hearing loss (F6). 56.1% of variance was explained by 6 factors. 2. Significant variables influencing knowledge, attitude and practice about noise were education level and age in F1, personal protective devices (PPE) and education level in F2, age and education level in F3, education level, age and sex in F4, PPE, education level, age and work duration in F5, and work duration and PPE in F6. 3. Hearing thresholds of 4 kHz were significantly higher in workers exposed to noise than that of in the other subjects and tended to be higher in industrial hygienists, safety and health officers and analysts than that of the office workers. 4. Significant variables influencing hearing thresholds of 1 kHz were age, education level, F5 and F6 in workers exposed to noise, and F1 in industrial hygienists. 5. Significant variables influencing hearing thresholds of 4 kHz were age, F6, sex, work duration, F1, F5, F2 and F3 in workers exposed to noise, F1 and age in safety and health officers, and F6, sex and F4 in industrial hygienists. With the above results, it suggested that workers exposed to noise be needed the education of knowledge, attitude and practice about noise in hearing conservation program for the prevention of noise induced hearing loss. Also, it suggested that health managers in workplace be needed countermeasures to prevent hearing loss although they are intermittently exposed to noise.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the IOPI articulator strength training program on articulator(tongue and lip) muscle strength, numbers of /l, s, ʨ/ articulation accuracy, articulatory numbers, articulation regularity and accuracy in the alternate motion rates, and sequential motion rate changes in patients with spastic dysarthria. Methods : Three cases of patients with spastic dysarthria living in Jeju, Korea, were included in this study. A single subject design was selected to study changes in articulator(tongue and lip) muscle strength, numbers of /ㄹ, ㅅ, ㅈ/ articulation accuracy, articulatory numbers, articulation regularity and accuracy in the alternate motion rates and sequential motion rates. Results : After the articulator strength training program was conducted on patients with spastic dysarthria, there were positive changes in articulator(tongue and lip) muscle strength, numbers of /ㄹ, ㅅ, ㅈ/ articulation accuracy, articulatory numbers, articulation regularity and accuracy on the alternate motion rates and sequential motion rates. Conclusion : Our findings suggest that IOPI articulator strength training program could be very useful for the most representative childeren with cerebral palsy if conducted in various subtypes of dysarthric patients and linked with articulatory function training with IOPI at home.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 2009

Objective : Purpose of this study is to study how Sensory Integration (SI) Intervention Program affect body-scheme and praxis ability of children with Developmental Disability (DD). Method : The SI intervention was programmed based on the theory of SI by Jean Ayres. Thirty children with DD underwent the SI program for six weeks. The effect of the SI intervention was evaluated in terms of body-scheme and praxis ability. Assessments used in this study are One-Point Imitation Test (OPIT) and 6 Body Puzzle Test (6BPT) for body-scheme; Praxis Test Sheet (PTS) for linguistic order, oral motor control, sequential praxis and Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests (SIPT) for postural praxis. Data of this study was analyzed by the paired t-test to compare before- and after the SI intervention. Results : Results of this study are (1) in the OPIT, there is significant difference on body-scheme ability (p<0.01); (2) in the PTS, there is significant difference on all three items (p<0.01); and (3) in the SIPT, there is significant difference on sensory integration and praxis function. Conclusions : From the results, it is concluded that sensory integration intervention is effective on body-scheme and praxis functions for children with developmental disability.