• 제목/요약/키워드: Occupational groups

검색결과 1,143건 처리시간 0.028초

농약 노출과 중추신경 증상과의 관련성 (The Relationship between Pesticide Exposure and Central Nervous System Symptoms)

  • 권영준;강태선;김경란;이경숙;주영수;송재철
    • 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.265-285
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    • 2004
  • 이 연구는 농약의 노출에 의해 중추신경 증상이 발생할 수 있으며, 장기간의 농약노출로 인해 중추신경계 영향이 있을 것이라는 가설을 검정하기 위해 농약 누적노출을 추정하였으며, 농약 노출 관련 요인에 따라 신경독성증상 호소의 차이를 보았다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 지난 1년 동안 농약살포시간은 과수농민 69.6시간, 밭농민 41.1시간, 축산농업인 25.8시간으로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 누적노출지수는 과수농민 119.5g, 밭농민 63.9g, 축산농업인 23.7g으로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 누적노출지수에 의해 분류하면, 과수농민은 고노출군, 밭농민은 중간노출군. 축산농민은 저노출군에 해당하였다. 과거 농약중독 경험률은 과수농민 40.7%, 밭농민 35.1%, 축산농민 23.8%로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며 (p<0.001), 지난 3개월 동안 농약중독 증상 경험률은 과수농민 67.2%, 밭농민 55.3%, 축산농민 20.5% 순으로 통계 적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). 신경독성 자각증상의 총점과 6개 이상 증상을 호소하는 경우는 대조군 및 축산농민에 비해 밭농민 및 과수농민에서 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.001). 연령, 교육수준, 성, 흡연, 음주를 보정한 상태에서도 6개 이상 신경독성 증상 발생의 교차 비는 비노출군에 비해 과수농민이 3.08(95% CI 1.50-6.30)배, 누적노출지수가 75% 이상 높은 군이 2.75(958% CI 1.12-6.78) 배, 과거 농약중독 경험이 있는 경우 1.97(95% CI 1.21-3.20)배, 현재 농약중독증상을 경험한 경우 정상군에 비해 경도 중독군 3.03(95% CI 1.47-6.22)배, 중등도 중독군이 6.34(95% CI 3.03-13.25)배 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 신경독성증상의 발생에 일관되게 농약노출과 관련된 요인이 유의하게 나타나고, 농약노출이 높은 것으로 평가된 과수농민에서 중추신경계 증상 호소가 유의하게 녹게 나타나 만성 농약노출에 의해 중추신경계 영향이 발생할 가능성이 제기된다.

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잠재프로파일 분석을 활용한 한국 노인 라이프스타일 유형화와 영향요인 분석 (Predicting Healthy Lifestyle Patterns in Older Community Dwelling Adults: A Latent Profile Analysis)

  • 박강현;양민아;원경아;박지혁
    • 재활치료과학
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.75-93
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    • 2021
  • 목적 : 본 연구는 고령자의 라이프스타일이 어떤 형태로 유형화되는지에 대해 라이프스타일 잠재 집단 유형을 분석하고 각 집단의 유형별 특성을 파악하여 고령자의 건강과 삶의 질 증진을 위한 기초자료를 마련하기 위해 수행되었다. 연구방법 : 본 연구에는 횡단연구방법이 사용되었다. 2019년 4월부터 5월까지 고령자의 라이프스타일 유형을 파악하기 위해 만 65세 이상의 국내 지역사회 거주 노인 184명을 대상으로 설문조사가 이루어 졌다. 수집된 설문자료를 활용하여 잠재프로파일분석(LPA)을 실시하였고, 도출된 각 유형별 특성과 영향요인을 확인하기 위해 χ2 검정, 다항로지스틱회귀분석 등을 활용하였다. 결과 : 연구결과, 고령자의 라이프스타일은 중 첫 번째 영역인 신체적 활동부분에서는 '소극적 운동 참여형(31.1%)', '저강도 운동 집중형(54.5%)'과 '균형적 운동 참여형(14.5%)'인 3개의 잠재집단으로 분류되었다. 활동 참여의 경우 '비활동형(12%)', '생활유지형(61%)', '활동적 노년형(27%)'인 3집단으로 분류되었으며, 마지막 식이습관에 대한 경우 '전반적 영양부족형(13.5%)'과 '균형적 영양 섭취형(86.5%)' 2집단으로 분류되었다. 또한 라이프스타일 유형이 고령자의 건강과 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 다항로지스틱회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 활동적·균형적 라이프스타일에 속할수록 삶의 질과 건강 수준이 전반적으로 높은 곳으로 확인되었다. 또한 이러한 유형의 예측요인에서 성별, 교육수준, 거주지역 등이 주요하게 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 고령자가 보다 다양한 활동에 균형적으로 참여하고, 활동적인 일상생활을 수행할 때 건강과 삶의 만족도가 증진됨이 분석되었다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 토대로 고령자의 라이프스타일 유형에 맞춘 실증적·정책적 개입 방안을 제안하였다.

Assessment of Nutritional Status by Estimation of Nutrients and Food Intakes of the Lead Workers in Republic of Korea

  • Kim, Hee-Seon;Song, Ok-Young;Lee, Sung-Soo;Young Hwangbo;Ahn, Kyu-Dong;Lee, Byung-Kook
    • Nutritional Sciences
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.91-97
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional status of Korean workers with occupational exposure to lead by estimating nutrients and flood intakes so that we can eventually establish the dietary guidelines to be recommended for the lead workers. Food consumption survey was conducted by a 24-hr recall method with 135 lead workers and 50 non-exposed controls. Food intake data were convened into nutrients intake using computer aided nutritional analysis program. Mean daily energy intake and percentage of recommended daily allowance (RDA) of male lead workers were 2138 local and 87% of RDA while those of control were estimated as 2234 kcal and 91% of RDA. Mean daily intakes of nutrients of male lead workers were 78 g (111% RDA) for protein 502 mg (71% RDA) for calcium, 11.7 mg (97% RDA) for iron, 665 $\mu$g R.E (95% RDA) for vitamin A, 1.39 mg (108% RDA) for thiamin, 1.14 mg (77% RDA) for riboflavin, 15 mg N.E (92% RDA) for niacin and 66 mg (94% RDA) for vitamin C. On average, male lead workers showed significantly lower protein, calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, niacin and vitamin C intakes than control group while cholesterol intake of the male lead workers was significantly higher than that of control group. Intakes of calcium of male lead workers were Less than 75% RDA meaning that nutritional intake of calcium of male lead workers was insufficient and could possibly result in nutritional deficient. Some food groups such as milk, meat and fish must be strongly suggested to improve nutritional status of lead workers. Continuing nutrition monitoring and appropriate nutrition intervention for lead workers most be conducted further.

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의료기관 종사자의 직무스트레스 요인이 이직의도에 미치는 영향 : 대전지역 병원 중심으로 (The Effect of Hospital Employees' Job Stress Factors on the Turnover Intention : Focused on the Daejeon Metropolitan City)

  • 김수정;박수용;이동형
    • 산업경영시스템학회지
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.35-42
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze job stress factors of hospital workers, which has an effect on their turnover intention. For identifying the influences on turnover intention, types of hospitals (university hospital, general hospital, private hospital) and types of workers(office workers, technical workers, and nursing staffs) were categorized. We went to the hospitals and carried out the survey under the cooperation with the concerned hospitals. The period of survey was from 23. Sep. 2013 to 30. Oct. 2013, and 293 worker participated in the survey. On the basis of the previous study, the measurement of job stress factors and turnover intention was set up as the survey method, and its reliability and validity were measured. The stress factors were subdivided into seven factors; occupational climate, organizational system, autonomy job control, uncertainty of getting a new job, job ability to perform, job demand, job ambiance. The value of job stress factors by the measuring instrument, Cronbach's Alpha, was 0.805 and the value of the subordination variable of turnover intention was 0.881. IBM SPSS Statistics 21 was used as the statistic analysis tool and the descriptive statistics about job stress factors. As a result, the turnover intention were analyzed depending on the types of hospitals, job groups, working years, and gender. Result shows that the job stress factors are differed according to the types of hospitals, and these job stress factors have influence on turnover intention. Therefore, it could be considered that, if the hospital managers find out the major job stress factors of their employees and resolve them in advance, the job stress of the hospital workers and their turnover intention can be reduced.

주 재배 작목별 한국 여성 농업인 체형 특성 (Characteristics of the Body Shape of Korean Woman Farmers by Crops)

  • 백윤정;이경숙
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제32권10호
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    • pp.1584-1594
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    • 2008
  • This study was to research the characteristics of the body shape of Korean woman farmers by the major crops. Four hundred ninety-five Korean woman farmers from 9 different area such as Kumi, Damyang, Iksan, Injae, Chungju, Choongju, Haman, Whasung, and Whasoon volunteered for this study. Their major crops were the rice, the pepper, the water melon, the strawberry, the wild rocambole, the sweet persimmon, the grapes, the mushroom, and the chrysanthemums. Twelve body angles were measured from archived the somatotype photographs of the front, the side, and the back. Questionnaires of SF-36 and the farmer's symptom, and the farm-work related movements were surveyed. The results were as follows; 1. Farmers had lower health levels in physical role limit, pain, vitality, and physical function than other occupational workers. 2. Most farmers acted the high-risk ergonomics motions when they worked in the farm. 3. There were significantly different on the both shoulder angles, the hip tangential line slope, the hip breadth angel, in frontal ankle-knee angle, the bending back angle, the dropping breast slope, the abdominis media angle, under the abdominis media angle, the glutea angle, under the glutea angle, and the sideward knee angle(p<.05). 4. Farmers cultivating the low plants such as the water melon, the strawberry, and the wild rocambole showed more banded vertebralis and side knee angles. Farmers cultivating the red pepper showed the dropping the left shoulder and O shape legs. Farmers cultivating the fruit trees such as the sweet persimmon and the grapes showed the less banded side knee angles than other farmer groups. 5. On comparing the same age, farmers showed the older's body shape in earlier and much more than the old living in the city.

Morphological and Biomechanical Study of the Pulley System of the Thumb

  • Kim, Ji-Won
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.33-40
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study was to define more precisely the anatomy of the thumb flexor pulley system and to determine the relative contribution of each of the pulleys to the biomechanics of thumb motion at the metacarpophalangeal (MP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints. For this, 22 hands from 11 cadavers were used and randomly assigned to two groups. In the first group, the first annular (A1) pulley was cut first followed by the variable annular (Av) pulley and then the oblique pulley. In the second group, the oblique pulley was cut first followed by the, pulley and then the Av pulley. In 7 of 22 hands, it was a transverse structure parallel to the, pulley with a gap between the A1 and Av pulleys, referred to here as type I. In 9 hands, the A1 and Av pulleys were connected without any gap (type II). In 6 hands, the space between the A1 and Av pulleys were triangular in shape with fibers of the Av pulley converging toward the radial side (type III). In biomechanical study of both first and second experiments, there was no significant difference in MCP joint flexion between the all intact, A1 section, A1/Av section, A2 intact (A1/Av/oblique section), and no pulley configuration (p>.05). In occurring displacements less than 10 mm, there was no significant difference in IP joint flexion (p>.05). However, there was a significant decrease in IP joint flexion occurred in both 15 mm and 20 mm excursion (p<.05), when the oblique pulley was resected additionally after cutting the A1 and Av pulleys in first experiment, and when the A1 pulley was resected additionally after cutting the oblique pulley. According to the results, the injury of only the oblique pulley does not decrease thumb motion significantly. The oblique pulley injury with both the A1 and Av pulleys laceration decreased thumb motion significantly. The additional laceration of the A2 pulley does not decrease thumb motion.

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전화를 이용한 퇴원환자 만족도 조사 (The Measurement Of Postdischarge Patient Satisfaction Using Telephone Interview)

  • 송정흡
    • 한국의료질향상학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.104-114
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    • 1997
  • Background : Hospitals(Health care providers) are under tremendous pressure to meet consumer demands in order to compete in the rapidly changing health care arena. Through evaluating patient satisfaction, hospitals(health care providers) can learn what the consumer Wants from the health care system. Timely feedback is necessary. The purpose of this study is to evaluate patients' hospital experience and satisfaction using telephone interview and to study the usefulness for telephone interview at assessing patient satisfaction. Method : The 846 patients who were discharged from September 17, 1996 to October 11, 1996 were targeted were telephoned. The informations gathered telephone survey were processed by computer and analyzed for the patient satisfaction, contributing factors. Result : The 846 patients who were discharged from September 17, 1996 to October 11, 1996 were called and 197 patients(23.3%) were successful interviewed. 51.3 percent of respondents were male and mean age is 39 years mean LOS(length of stay) is 13 days and 110(56.1%) patients were admitted by outpatients clinic. The mean calling-time is 5.5 minutes. There is no significant difference between interviewers(telemarketer) in patients satisfaction. Seven telephone interviews are possible by interview a day. There in no significant difference between groups in patients satisfaction in length of stay, path of admission, the interval between discharge and interview. 97.5 percent of respondents were satisfied with telephone interview and 81.7% were satisfied with overall satisfaction and 79.4 % of respondents were good response in interviewers' conclusion. Of six variables that were found to be correlated with telephone interview and eight variables correlated with overall hospital satisfaction, a multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that two most important variables which are significantly correlated with telephone interview are to meet doctors, not ask tediously then three variables which are with overall satisfaction are doctors explain, subject response, convenient facilities. Conclusion : The patients interviewed are satisfied with telephone interview. Telephone interview is good method for assessing patient satisfaction, making high levels of patient satisfaction and for hospital marketing.

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손목굴증후군 환자의 신경생리학적 소견과 혈청 지질 수치와의 상관관계 (Correlation between Serum Lipid Level and Neurophysiological Findings in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome)

  • 여승현;김동훈;손성연;홍윤희;박재범;주인수
    • Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.47-54
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    • 2010
  • Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy caused by compression of the median nerve beneath the transverse carpal ligament. CTS can be correctly diagnosed by the patients' description of symptoms and electrophysiological tests that measure nerve conduction through the wrist. Many previous studies reported various risk factors of CTS, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease and trauma. Obesity is associated with both hyperlipidemia and CTS. This study focused on the relationship between severity of CTS and serum lipid level. Methods: One hundred fourteen patients with CTS and 74 controls were divided into four groups according to the severity; normal, mild, moderate and severe. And then serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) were measured in each group. Results: There was a positive correlation between TG and CTS severity (p<0.001). But TC, LDL-C and HDL-C were not correlated with CTS severity. Conclusions: These results suggest that high serum TG may act as an aggravating factor of CTS.

지역사회에 거주하는 55세 이상의 건강한 집단과 뇌졸중 집단의 활동보유수준: 예비 연구 (The Retained Activity Level of the Community Dwelling Healthy Group and Stroke Group Aged More Than 55 years: A Preliminary Study)

  • 이상헌
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제13권11호
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    • pp.5337-5344
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 지역사회에 거주하는 55세 이상의 건강한 집단과 뇌졸중 집단의 보유 활동 및 수준을 분석하고 후속 연구를 위한 집단 특이성을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 자료 수집을 위하여 한국형 활동분류카드를 사용하였고, 기술통계 방법을 이용하여 건강한 집단과 뇌졸중 집단에서 활동보유수준을 확인하였으며, 스피어만 상관계수를 이용하여 일반적 정보와의 활동보유수준의 상관성을 분석하였고, 다중회귀분석을 사용하여 활동 보유 수준에 영향을 미치는 변인을 분석하였다. 건강한 집단의 구성원들이 수행하는 활동들이 뇌졸중 집단에서는 감소함를 확인할 수 있었으며, 상관관계 분석과 회귀분석 시 건강한 집단과 뇌졸중 집단에서 활동보유수준과 대상자의 일반적 정보간에 통계학적으로 유의미한 변인이 달랐다. 결과를 통하여 55세 이상의 건강한 집단과 뇌졸중 집단에서 활동보유수준과 집단별 특이성을 확인할 수 있었으며 결과 자료에 기초하여 해당 집단의 활동 참여 조정과 대치 시에 기초 자료로 사용할 수 있을 것이다.

Public Sector Workers' Mental Health in Argentina: Comparative Psychometrics of the Perceived Stress Scale

  • Miranda, Agustin Ramiro;Scotta, Ana Veronica;Mendez, Ana Lucia;Serra, Silvana Valeria;Soria, Elio Andres
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제53권6호
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    • pp.429-438
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    • 2020
  • Objectives: Given that Argentinian public-sector workers are highly exposed to stressful conditions, and that the psychometric properties of the widely used Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) should be evaluated in different settings, this work aimed to compare the psychometric properties of the Latin American Spanish PSS-10 and PSS-4 and to identify the optimal scale for stress assessment. Methods: A sample of 535 participants was randomly divided into 2 groups to evaluate dimensionality by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The reliability of both scales was also evaluated. Convergent validity was estimated using the Executive Complaints Questionnaire, the average variance extracted, and the composite reliability. Discriminant validity was based on the correlation with the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and the phi-square correlation between the components. Results: The factor analyses supported bidimensionality of the PSS-10 (stress and coping), which showed a better fit than the PSS-4. Moreover, the reliability of the PSS-10 was higher, whereas the PSS-4 did not achieve adequate values of internal consistency. The PSS-10 was also correlated significantly with all validation scales, and presented proper internal convergent and divergent validity. Conclusions: The PSS-10 is a reliable and structurally valid instrument to measure perceived stress and coping in a Latin American Spanish-speaking population with high work demands, and the findings of this study expand our knowledge on the geographical and sociocultural applicability of the PSS.