• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.430-437
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• 2016

Objectives: The new Chemical Control Act from the Korean Ministry of Environment (2014-259) simply states only in basic phrases that every worker handling the listed chemicals should wear personal protective equipment (PPE) and does not consider the different hazard characteristics of particular chemicals or work types. The purpose of this study was to produce an exposure risk matrix and assign PPE to the categories of this matrix, which would be useful for revising the act to suggest PPE to suit work types or situations. Methods: An exposure risk matrix was made using hazard ranks of chemicals and workplace exposure risks in the previous study. For the 20 categories of exposure risk matrix PPE, levels A, B, C, D as classified by OSHA/EPA were assigned. After 69 hazardous chemicals were divided into 11 groups according to their physiochemical characteristics, respirators, chemical protective clothing (CPC), gloves and footwear were suggested on the basis of the assigned PPE levels. Results: PPE table sheets for the 11 groups were made on the basis of work types or situations. Full facepiece or half-mask for level C was recommended in accordance with the exposure risk matrix. Level A was, in particular, recommended for loading or unloading work. Level A PPE should be worn in an emergency involving hydrogen fluoride because of the number of recent related accidents in Korea. Conclusion: PPE assignment according to the exposure risk matrix made by chemical hazards and work type or situation was suggested for the first time. Each type of PPE was recommended for the grouped chemicals. The research will be usefully used for the revision of the Chemical Control Act in Korea.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.166-176
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• 2013

Background: Effective policy implementation is essential for a healthy workplace. The Ryan-Kossek 2008 model for work-life policy adoption suggests that supervisors as gatekeepers between employer and employee need to know how to support and communicate benefit regulations. This article describes a workplace intervention on a national employee benefit, Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), and evaluates the effectiveness of the intervention on supervisor knowledge, awareness, and experience with FMLA. Methods: The intervention consisted of computer-based training (CBT) and a survey measuring awareness and experience with FMLA. The training was administered to 793 county government supervisors in the state of Oregon, USA. Results: More than 35% of supervisors reported no previous training on FMLA and the training pre-test revealed a lack of knowledge regarding benefit coverage and employer responsibilities. The CBT achieved: (1) a significant learning effect and large effect size of d = 2.0, (2) a positive reaction to the training and its design, and (3) evidence of increased knowledge and awareness regarding FMLA. Conclusion: CBT is an effective strategy to increase supervisors' knowledge and awareness to support policy implementation. The lack of supervisor training and knowledge of an important but complex employee benefit exposes a serious impediment to effective policy implementation and may lead to negative outcomes for the organization and the employee, supporting the Ryan-Kossek model. The results further demonstrate that long-time employees need supplementary training on complex workplace policies such as FMLA.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to review the debate on the Article 28(Prohibition of Inhouse-Contract for Harmful Work) of the Industrial Safety and Health Law. Methods: Literatures and recent debate for prohibition and permission of inhouse-contract for harmful work were reviewed. Proposals of revision for the Article 28 of the Industrial Safety and Health Law were also reviewed. Results: It was not found reasonable to revise the Article 28 based on increased fatal accidents or diseases in the electroplating work and heavy metals handling works that are currently listed in the Presidential Decree under the law as the harmful works. Regulation types of prohibition or authorization for any harmful work shall have inherently poor coverage since the scope of application is extremely limited. Contractors for maintenance and repair of chemical facilities may not be included in the scope of application if the harmful works are defined as chemical handling works. If harmful works are prohibited, the contractor workers may loose their jobs. Therefore, it is necessary to consider balancing job security and occupational safety and health safety. Conclusions: Various limitations were found in the Article 28 and the proposals to revise it. Currently in-house subcontracting is widely spread in the workplace. Therefore, it may be inappropriate to set one or two Article such as the Article 28 and 29 to protect in-house subcontract workers from injury and illness. It is believed that it needs fundamental redirection and new approach with new paradigm to impose occupational safety and health duty to prime contractors.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제35권
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• pp.10.1-10.10
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• 2023

The purpose of this paper was to review the problems relating to Korea's occupational health services and suggest ways to improve them. Korea can be classified as a welfare state type of conservative corporatism partially interwoven with liberalism. While experiencing compressed economic growth, the economic sectors of developed (excess areas) and developing (deficient areas) countries are interwoven. Therefore, it is necessary to perfect conservative corporatism along with a complementary reinforcement of liberal contents and to apply a multilayered approach focusing on complementing the deficient areas. It is essential to form a national representative indicator related to occupational health, and a strategy for selection and concentration is needed. The proposed central indicator is the occupational health coverage rate (OHCR), which is the number of workers who have applied for mandatory occupational health services under the Occupational Safety and Health Act in the numerator with the total working population in the denominator. This paper proposes ways to raise the OHCR, which is currently at the level of 25%-40%, to 70%-80%, which is the level of Japan, Germany, and France. To achieve this target, it is necessary to focus on small businesses and vulnerable workers. This is an area of market failure and requires the active input of community-oriented public resources. For access to larger workplaces, the marketability of services should be strengthened and personal intervention using digital health resources should be actively attempted. Taking a national perspective, work environment improvement committees with tripartite (labor, management, and government) participation for improvement of the working environment need to be established at the center and in the regions. Through this, prevention funds linked to industrial accident compensation and prevention could be used efficiently. A national chemical substance management system must be established to monitor the health of workers and the general public.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.314-323
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• 2022

연구목적: 개정된 산업안전보건법의 사업주의 책임 및 의무확대와 발주자의 사업주 평가가 안전관리 시스템 개선에 어떠한 영향을 주는지에 대하여 연구하고자 한다. 연구방법: 선행연구의 내용과 분석 결과를 비교하여 학술적 논의를 실시하였다. 선행연구로부터 수집한 측정도구로 설문지를 제작하였고, 수집된 데이터로 통계적인 다중 회귀분석를 실시하였다. 연구결과:연구가설 사업주의 책임 및 의무 확대와 발주자의 사업주 평가 강화가 안전관리시스템 개선에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론:사업주의 책임 및 의무 확대와 발주자의 사업주 평가 강화는 건설재해예방을 위한 건설 안전관리시스템 개선에 긍정적인 영향을 주고 있다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.409-420
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• 2021

건설공사 발주자에게 건설현장 근로자에 대한 안전보건관리 책무를 부여하는 안전보건대장 제도가 「산업안전보건법」 전부개정에 포함되어 도입되었다. 안전보건대장 제도에 대한 낮은 인식과 이행률로 발생되는 제도의 실효성 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 경제성 측면에서 제도의 효과성을 설명할 필요가 있으므로 본 연구에서는 안전보건대장 도입 당시 논의되었던 자료를 근거로 비용편익분석을 활용하여 안전보건제도 이행의 경제적 효과를 분석하였다. 안전보건대장 제도 이행에 있어 추가적인 비용이 발생하는 것은 설계안전보건대장의 작성 및 관리로 분석되었다. 작성비용과 산업재해 감소로 발생되는 직·간접적 편익을 비교한 결과 편익이 비용보다 높게 평가되었으므로 안전보건대장 제도는 건설공사 재해 감소와 경제적 효과를 발생시키는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.471-480
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• 2020

국내 산업재해는 점진적으로 감소하고 있음에도 불구하고 건설업에서의 사망자는 전체 산업의 49.9%를 차지하고 있으며, 그 중 추락사고 사망자는 59.7%의 높은 비중을 차지하고 있다. 이에 따라 정부차원에서 건설업의 추락사고를 예방하기 위한 다양한 안전 활동 및 정책을 추진하고 있으나 그 효과는 미비한 실정이다. 반면 미국, 일본, 영국, 싱가포르 등 해외 선진국의 경우 각국의 상황에 적합한 안전 활동, 규제 및 정책 등을 펼친 결과, 국내보다 산업재해 발생율이 저조했다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 국내 산업안전보건법과 해외 선진국의 법령을 추락재해에 밀접한 영향을 미치는 기인물별로 비교·분석하여 국내 실정에 맞는 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. 비교 분석 결과, 본 연구에서는 국내 건설현장의 추락재해 저감을 위한 개선방안으로 1)추락 높이에 대한 기준 개선 2)안전난간 상부난간대 높이의 개선 3)수평안전대 부착설비 연구 및 지침의 개정 등의 개선방안을 제시하였다. 향후 본 연구는 해외 선진국의 사례분석을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.806-814
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• 2023

연구목적: 고용노동부의 산업안전보건법에 따르면 산업재해를 막기 위해 급박한 위험이 닥쳤을 때는 작업중지권을 행사할 것을 규정하고 있다. 본 연구는 실제 태풍과 같이 급박한 위험이 닥쳤을 때 사업장에서 사업주에 의한 작업중지권 이행여부에 대한 실태조사를 수행하였고, 그 결과에 따른 시사점 및 작업중지권 활성화를 위한 방안을 도출하고자 한다. 연구방법: 제6호 태풍 '카눈'의 영향이 컸던 8월 9일~10일, 2일간 사업장의 작업중지 실시 여부를 유선으로 확인하였고, 조사대상은 건설업 1,649개소, 제조업 830개소, 그리고 기타 업종 278개소로 총 2,757개소이다. 연구결과: 실태조사 결과를 보면, 8월 9일에는 56%(1,555개소), 8월 10일에는 77%(2,142개소)가 전면 또는 부분 작업중지를 실시하였다. 특히, 태풍이 상륙했던 8월 10일에는 전체 40%가 전면적으로 작업을 중지하였다. 결론: 본 연구를 통해 사업주에 의한 작업중지권이 실제 사업장에서 활용되고 있음을 확인하였다. 앞으로도 급박한 위험이 있는 경우에는 작업중지권 외에도 유연 및 재택근무, 근로시간 조정 등을 적극적으로 활용하여 근로자의 안전을 보장하고 생명을 보호해야 할 것이다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.89-101
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• 2022

Objectives: By comparing and examining how important issues concerning industrial health information for workers are viewed in other advanced countries, it is intended to ascertain problems in the approach found in Korean legislation and obtain legal and policy implications. Methods: The results of a survey were introduced and analyzed through a comparative method for each case after investigating in detail what and how important issues surrounding workers' right to know industrial health information are reflected in the legislation of Germany, the U.S., the U.K., and Japan. Based on the results of this comparative analysis, theoretical and policy implications and legal policy improvement tasks were drawn to strengthen workers' right to industrial health information for each case in Korea. Results: For access to industrial health information, most of the other advanced countries clearly stipulate a right to access for current and past workers and/or their representatives. As a result, workers or their representatives do not need to use the Information Disclosure Act to access exposure records, and there is no debate over the Information Disclosure Act. In other words, industrial health information is focused on ensuring free access to workers or their representatives and is not interested in reporting it to the government. Conclusions: In order to strengthen workers' right to know about industrial health, it is most important to address the legal issues related to this right, which is considered insufficient by comparative law. This should start with a concrete and effective definition of what and how to guarantee workers' rights to industrial health, such as the right to freely access industrial health information, including for retired workers and bereaved families of deceased workers.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.114-123
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• 2005

We analyzed the demographic and job features of 197 shipyard workers with work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) compensated by the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act, and the features of the disorders, the causes of operation and the induced behaviors. The three shipbuilding companies surveyed were located in Busan Metropolitan city and Gyungsangnam-do. The results were as follows. 1. The ages of WMSDs patients in shipyard were $43.6{\pm}8.6$ and the job tenure was $14.3{\pm}5.6$. The 40's of them was 40.1%, and the 30's was 29.4%. Patients less than 5 year-work duration were 85.3%, and ones more than 16 year-work duration 6.6%. In occupations, welders were 32.5%, pre-welders 17.3%, and setting engineers 6.6%. 2. The causes of WMSDs in shipyard were works(95.4%) and outer crash or accident shock (3.6%). Based on the standard of the NIOSH induced behaviors, the causes were awkward posture (62.9%), excessive movement(19.3%) and repetitive movement(13.7%). 3. The compensated WMSDs by body part was the highest, 36%, in the spines, 32.0% in both the upper limbs and the spines, and 14% in the upper limbs. The number of cases of WMSDs in body were 96 in the cervical, 79 in the lumbar and 72 in the shoulders. 4. As a result of chi-square test(${\chi}^2$) between diagnosis and operation in body, welding and spot welding had the most diagnoses in all parts of the body among other occupations. Chi-square test(${\chi}^2$) between diagnosis and induced behavior in body showed that awkward postures recorded the highest rate and repetitive movements was the second. 5. The most hazardous occupation was the welding(incidence rate=9.7) and the most hazardous behavior was the awkward posture.