• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.249-258
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• 2015

Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea are the representative sleep disordered breathings, caused by the temporary and repetitive constriction or obstruction of upper airway during sleep. They present with excessively vibratory noise and repetitive cease of respiration. These disorders commonly result in sleep disturbance and the subsequent daytime sleepiness, chronic fatigue. Furthermore, they can cause the serious and extensive complications including increased risk of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular accident, neurocognitive disturbance, traffic and occupational accidents, type II diabetes, childhood growth interruption, awakening headache and finally, relatively increased mortality rate. Because appropriate therapeutic intervention is best way for patients to relieve their symptoms and prevent their possible complications, it is very important for dentists to recognize their own role and responsibility in diagnosis and treatment of these disorders. For this, the present article provides the understanding of the clinical features, possible complications, various treatment modalities, and suitable treatment strategies for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.238-248
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• 2015

Sleep related breathing disorders(SRBDs) are a group of diseases accompanied by difficulties in respiration and ventilation during sleep. Central sleep apnea, obstructive sleep apnea(OSA), sleep-related hypoventilation, and hypoxemia disorder are included in this disease entity. OSA is known to be the most common SRBDs and studies show its significant correlation with general health problems including hypertension, arrhythmia, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. The diagnostic process of OSA is composed of physical examinations of the head and neck area and also the oral cavity. Radiologic studies including cephalography, CT, MRI, and fluoroscopy assist in identifying the site of obstruction. However, polysomnography(PSG) is still considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of OSA since it offers both qualitative and quantitative recording of the events during a whole night's sleep. The dentist who is trained in sleep medicine can easily identify patients with the risk of OSA starting from simple questions and screening questionnaires. Diagnosis is the first step to treatment and considering the high rate of under-diagnosis for OSA the dentist may play a substantial role in the diagnosis and treatment of OSA which will eventually lead to the well-being of the patient as a whole person. So the objective of this article is to assist dental professionals in gaining knowledge and insight of the diagnostic measures for OSA including PSG.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2019

Adjuvant fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) chemotherapy for 6 months is the standard treatment of stage III colon cancer to improve patient survival. Recent studies have shown that restricting the treatment to 3 months to reduce toxicity negatively affects the outcome. However, the effect of FOLFOX treatment for a duration of between 3 and 6 months(7~11 cycles) on survival is not known. The effect of a reduced duration of FOLFOX chemotherapy on the prognosis of stage III colon cancer was examined. The 5-year disease-free survival in patients receiving 7~11 cycles of FOLFOX was lower than those receiving 12 cycles(72.9% vs. 87%, respectively). Patients receiving 7~11 cycles who had a bowel obstruction at diagnosis had a significantly higher recurrence rate (66.7% vs. 15.0%) and shorter median disease-free survival (24.7 months vs. not reached) than those receiving 12 cycles. Among patients receiving 12 cycles of FOLFOX, there was no difference in the outcome between those with and those without intestinal obstructions at diagnosis. These results suggest that the completion of 12 cycles FOLFOX chemotherapy is important to improve the patient's prognosis, especially for with intestinal obstructions at diagnosis.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제83권5호
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• pp.979-990
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• 2022

담도폐쇄증은 간외 담도의 진행성, 특발성, 섬유 폐쇄성 염증질환으로 신생아기에 담도 폐쇄가 나타나고 소아 간이식의 가장 흔한 적응증이다. 조기에 치료하지 않으면 간경화가 진행되어 2세 이전에 사망하게 된다. 오늘날 Kasai portoenterostomy와 간이식 수술기법의 발달로 담도폐쇄증 환자의 90% 이상이 성인기까지 생존한다. 따라서 Kasai portoenterostomy의 성공 가능성은 시간이 지날수록 줄어들기 때문에 조기 진단이 매우 중요하다. 이 고찰은 담도폐쇄증의 원인, 분류, 유병률, 임상양상, 치료와 예후를 최신 지견을 중심으로 종합적으로 검토하고자 한다.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.542-546
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• 2024

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) through ducts B2 or B3 is effective in most patients with biliary obstruction, because B2 and B3 commonly join together. However, in some patients, B2 and B3 do not join each other due to invasive hilar tumors; therefore, single-route drainage is insufficient. Here, we investigated the feasibility and efficacy of EUS-HGS through both B2 and B3 simultaneously in seven patients. We decided to perform EUS-HGS through both B2 and B3 to achieve adequate biliary drainage because these two ducts were separate from each other. Here, we report a 100% technical and overall clinical success rate. Early adverse effects were closely monitored. Minimal bleeding was reported in one patient (1/7) and mild peritonitis in one patient (1/7). None of the patients experienced stent dysfunction, fever, or bile leakage after the procedure. EUS-HGS through both B2 and B3 simultaneously is safe, feasible, and effective for biliary drainage in patients with separated ducts.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2000

In the field of microsurgery, the vascular obstruction of the microvascular anastomosis by thrombus is one of the most important complication. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect between aspirin and prostaglandin $E_1$($PGE_1$) which act as the peripheral vasodilatation and platelet disaggregation. We have used total 48 white male rats and divided them into three gruoups(A, B and C group). Each group consists of 16 rats respectively. A group is as control, B group is medicated with aspirin(3.0mg/kg/day) and C group with $PGE_1(1.2{\mu}g/kg/day)$. The gross and histopathologic findings at anastomosed site were observed on 3, 5, 10 and 15 days after vascular anastomosis and the results were obtained as the followings. 1. The microvascular patency rate is 81.2% in control group, 93.8% in aspirin group and 100% in $PGE_1$ group. 2. On the histologic examination, the formation of mural thrombus is decreased both in the aspirin and $PGE_1$ group as comparing with the control group and also the hypertrophy of the intima forming from media is less formed in $PGE_1$ group than aspirin group and the degree of thickeness is also less. 3. The fibrosis of media is less observed in $PGE_1$ group than aspirin group. According to the above results, the application of $PGE_1$ to the microsurgery is considered to be effective on the prevention of the thrombus formation and on providing high patency rate.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.49-52
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• 2006

Background and Objectives: Vocal cord granuloma is a exophytic inflammatory mass and caused by gastroesophageal reflux, voice abuse, endotracheal intubation. There has been a controversy in the treatment of vocal cord granuloma. Our aim of study is to know the clinical characteristics and the results of surgical management for vocal cord granuloma. Materials and Methods: We have reviewed and analyzed medical records of 55 patients who were diagnosed and surgically treated as vocal cord granuloma in Asan medical center from 1997 to 2005 retrospectively. Results: 25 cases were intubation granuloma and 30 cases were contact granuloma. In intubation granuloma, the clinical manifestation was hoarseness(70%), foreign body sensation(44%), chronic cough(21%). In contact granuloma, the clinical manifestation was hoarseness(67%), foreign body sensation(60%), throat clearing(21%). The recurrence rate after surgery was 8% in intubation granuloma and 33% in contact granuloma. Mean recurrence time was 4.1months in intubation granuloma and 3.2months in contact granuloma. Conclusion: Although there is no significant difference, recurrence rate after surgery was high in contact granuloma compared to intubation granuloma(p=0.125). Although this study is retrospective, surgical management must be considered in resolving diagnostic doubt, treating airway obstruction, and failure in conservative treatments.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.247-253
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• 2016

In this study, solid solution heat treatment of consolidated nickel-based superalloy powders is carried out by hot isotactic pressing. The effects of the cooling rate of salt quenching, and air cooling on the microstructures and the mechanical properties of the specimens are analyzed. The specimen that is air cooled shows the formation of serrated grain boundaries due to their obstruction by the carbide particles. Moreover, the specimen that is salt quenched shows higher strength than the one that is air cooled due to the presence of fine and close-packed tertiary gamma prime phase. The tensile elongation at high temperatures improves due to the presence of grain boundary serrations in the specimen that is air cooled. On the contrary, the specimen that is salt quenched and consists of unserrated grain boundaries shows better creep properties than the air cooled specimen with the serrated grain boundaries, due to the negative creep phenomenon.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.149-160
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• 2003

Objective : Essential oil inhalation and He-Ne laser treatment has become increasingly available in children with nasal diseases. But the reports on the effect and prognosis have been poor. In this study, we analyzed the treatment effect, recurrence rate and the degree of recurrent symptoms. Materials/Methods: 23 children(2-10 year-old) with nasal diseases, who received essential oil inhalation with He-Ne laser treatment at least 10 times in our hospital from January 1st 2001 to December 31th 2002 were studied. Result : Ten cases are male & thirteen cases are female. The average of age was 4.91 year-old. The most frequency symptoms are nasal discharge (82.6%), nasal obstruction (78.3%), cough (47.8%), secretion sound (39.1%), sneezing (17.4%). Average numbers of treatment period, interval and treatment times are 71.79 days, 4.06 days, 18.13 times respectively. Of the 23 children, 14 children were in 'all symptom improved' at the remedial ends, and 22 children relapsed. In the degree of recurrent symptoms, 15 children were in 'more improved then before-treatment and not equal to directly remedial ends'. No case was in 'worse than before-treatment'. The final result of treatment, 6 children keep the degree of remedial ends, on the other hand 17 children are not. Conclusions : Even though, the recurrence rate was high, this combined treatment improve nasal symptoms. The final assessment is good, when the treatment-result is good, when the treatment interval is regular and when parent's are cooperative. If the symptoms continue a whole year, the result is not so good.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.574-581
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• 2012

OLED 소자는 수분과 산소의 침투에 의하여 유기물이 열화되어 수명이 감소하는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 OLED 소자의 봉지 기술이 최근 연구되고 있다. 현재 유리나 금속 용기를 이용하여 캡슐화 하는 방법이 널리 사용되고 있지만 이러한 방법으로는 유연한(flexible) 소자의 구현이 어렵기 때문에 이를 대체할 수 있는 기술들이 연구되고 있다. 박막 필름을 이용한 OLED의 봉지 기술은 유연한 디스플레이에 적용할 수 있는 기술로 사용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 치밀하고 결함이 없는 패시베이션(passivation) 박막을 형성하기 위해서 상온에서 증착이 가능한 PECVD를 이용한 무기 박막 증착 방법을 개발하고 증착 조건과 구조에 따른 OLED의 특성 변화를 분석하였다. 하나의 시스템에서 in-situ로 패시베이션할 수 있는 시스템 및 공정을 구축하였으며 단일 무기 박막의 WVTR(Water Vapor Transmission Rate) 값을 $1{\times}10^{-2}g/m^2{\cdot}day$ 이하로 확보하였고 제작된 박막을 패시베이션막으로 유연한 디스플레이에 적용할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.