• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.367-373
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• 2011

This research is a basic researching process for producing solid fuel that mixing paper sludge and Heat Transfer Medium Oil. Under the presence of Heat Transfer Medium Oil, paper sludge is heated and dried with home appliance microwave for comparing drying efficiency and energy efficiency of different types of drying method. As a result, Heat Transfer Medium Oil and paper mixing case of drying method, OMD, is the most efficient way to shorten the time for evaporating moisture in the paper sludge. In addition, heat transfer effect and density is increased with adding Heat Transfer Medium Oil by microwave. Future more, OMD's energy cost for evaporating whole moisture is 78% cheaper than MD. Also, OMD process shows the best energy efficiency with comparing other process. Evaporation rate of paper sludge evaporation process with microwave is 11.66% increased by adding Heat Transfer Medium Oil 150g. Preheating Heat Transfer Medium Oil or improving different ways injecting Heat Transfer Medium Oil is a good way to increase a rate of initiative moisture evaporation process.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2001

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 1998

The present study investigated the use of cow faeces as a source of micro-organisms instead of sheep rumen liquor in in vitro digestibility assays of forages. Initially 40 forage samples comprising ryegrass, wheat, maize and barley were screened to select a wide range of digestibility (327-794 g/kg) of forages. Finally 8 forage samples were assessed using rumen liquor as well as faecal liquor. The absolute organic matter digestibility (OMD) values using faecal liquor were lower than those with rumen liquor. However, the relationship between OMD using rumen liquor and faecal liquor was highly significant (p < 0.001). The $R^2$ value exceed 0.90. The results suggest that micro-organisms from faecal liquor are capable of digesting forage samples.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.118-131
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• 2006

1. Objective Pulse diagnosis is generally applied to Traditional Oriental Medicine but not to Sasang Constitution diagnosis. Recently new pulse analyzer using array piezoresistive sensor and multi-channel robot arm developed. It reflects Oriental Medical Doctors' diagnostic processes, and its reproducibility test was done at Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine. We performed this study to set parameters diagnosing Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods One hundred thirty three subjects participated in this study. They are healty and approved this study. Before being tested with pulse analyzer, they had interview with Sasang Constitution Specialist to diagnose their Sasang Constitution. We established some useful parameters from parameters of pulse analyzer according to the Original Texts of Oriental Medicine and clinical experiences to analyze with clinical data of this study. 3. Results (I) There is a significant difference in pre-dicrotic notch time among all parameters of pulse analyzer in Sasang Constitution groups(P=0.047). (2) There is a significant difference in maximum pulse pressure in 33 to 48 year Sasang Constitution groups(P=0.010). (3) There is a significant difference in frequency width in 17 to 32 year Sasang Constitution groups(P=0.002). (4) There is a significant difference in CFS value in groups which OMD diagnoses; Floating & Sinking pulse(P=0.020). (5) There is a significant difference in pulse rate in groups which OMD diagnoses; Rapid & Slow pulse(P=0.000). (6) There is a significant difference in maximum pulse pressure in groups which OMD diagnoses; Deficient & Solid pulse(P=0.000). 4. Conclusions Analyzing parameters in each Sasang Constitution group, we found it shows significant difference in maximum pulse pressure and corresponding tendency in coefficient of floating & sinking pulse with theories of Sasang Consti-tutional Medicine. As we accumulate more clinical data, we will establish algorithm to diagnose Sasang Constitution using a pulse analyzer.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.190-198
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the forage yield and quality potential of Festulolium braunii (Festuca pratensis Huds. $\times$ Lolium multiflotum Lam) as forage source in Korea. The experimental design was a split plot design with four replications from Feb. 1994 to Jan. 1996 at Hohenheim uniwrsity. Main plots were three forage species {Fesruca pratensis(Cosmos), Lolium mult~~orum(Lemtal) and Festulolium braunii(Pau1ita)) and subplots were three N levels (150,300 and 450kgha). No differences in dry matter(DM) yields were noted between Festulolium braunii and Lolium multj7orum, but DM yields for Festulolium braunii was 138 more than for Fesruca prafensis(P<0.01 ). Total DM yields over all species increased linearly with increasing N levels. The peak of DM yields over 2 years mean at 450kglha N levels were higher for Lolium mulriJotum(l5,724kg) than for Festulolium braunii(14,730kg) and for Festuca pratensis(l3,68 l kg) (P<0.01). OMD, ME, NEL and other minerals of Fesrulolium braunii were slightly higher and CP, Ca and Mg slightly lower than thsoe of Fesruca pratensis, but CP, OMD, NEL and minerals were absolutly higher for Fesrulolium braunii than for Lolium mulriflorum(P<0.01). It appears that Festulolium braunii has higher potential for improvement of the forage quality than Fesruca prarensis or Lolium rnulrijlorum. The content of CP, CF and minerals were increased, wherease OMD, ME and NEL were decreased in all species with increasing N levels. Yields of CP, DOM and NEL over 2 yean mean were increased in all species with increasing N levels. CP, DOM and NEL yields of Festulolium braunii were higher than those of Lolium multiflorum or Festuca pratensis(P

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.226-235
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• 2000

A survey on feeding practices was conducted with thirty-one cattle farmers belonging to three categories: households without land and no income from agricultural labour (Class 100;10 farms), households without land but deriving considerable income from agricultural labour (Class 101;10 farms), and households with land and without income from agricultural labour (Class 110;11 farms). Information on the types of feeds given of one year. In addition, samples of the feeds offered and refused were collected every two weeks and analysed for dry matter, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD). Grass was usually cut at an early stage of growth, as such the CP(11.8%) and OMD (62%) were relatively high. All types of rice straw (whole, lower and upper part) and sugarcane forage (tops and leaves) were low in CP (<6 and <8.9%, respectively) and OMD (<45 and <47%, respectively). Rice bran and tofu waste was of much better quality than any other feed. The average number of different feeds in the rations (mean of all farms) was 1.98, with a lower value for class 101 (1.80), than for classes 100 and 110 (2.11 and 2.02, respectively). Of the total amount of OM consumed, 42% was rice straw, 21% grass, 19% maize forage, 10% sugarcane forage, <4% other forages (soya and groundnut straw), 1.3% rice bran and 2.9% tofu waste. The total amount of OM offered varied from <80 $g/kg^{0.75}/d$ in August/September to 1.5 times as much in May (P<0.01). The intake of digestible organic matter (IDOM) for farm class 110 ($37.7g/kg^{0.75}/d$) was significantly (p<0.001) lower than that for classes 100 and 101 (44.1 and $41.3g/kg^{0.75}/d$, respectively). The highest CP/IDOM ratio was recorded for farm class 101 (0.201 as compared to 0.181-0.184).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.375-379
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• 1996

The experiment investigated the possibility of using effluent from RUSITEC (rumen simulation technique) inoculated with rumen liquor or cow faeces as sources of micro-organisms for in vitro digestion of forages. Nine forages ${\times}3$ sources of inoculum were used in a factorial arrangement of treatments. Rumen liquor was collected from fistulated sheep and faeces was collected from cows. The RUSITEC apparatus consisted of 4 vessels, 2 vessels were charged with faecal liquor and 2 with rumen liquor. On the 8th day of the experiment RUSITEC effluent were collected to use in in vitro studies. In vitro OMD (g/kg) values using three sources of inoculum (fresh rumen liquor, RUSITEC effluent from rumen liquor or cow faeces) were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The regression relationships between OMD using fresh rumen liquor and RUSITEC effluent were highly significant ($R^2>0.90$). The results suggest that RUSITEC effluent either from rumen liquor or cow faeces can be used as a source of micro-organisms for in vitro digestion of forages.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.168-179
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• 2006

Background and Aim : As the aged society is coming, people pay attention to it and the government is also increasing subsidy into the welfare of the aged. As a branch of social welfare, community welfare is familiar and close to local residents. We could open up a new field in community welfare for oriental medicine and oriental medical doctor(OMD). Materials and Method : Analyzing the worts of community welfare center, we tried to find ways for OMDs to take part in there. We focused m community care and home care service of community welfare center and community health center. Result : Free oriental medical services are offered in many places, but a lot of them are temporary and hard to continue due to financial problem and lack of specialist. Local residents want to know about oriental medicine but few OMDs are willing to participate, thereforen, unqualified lectures of such as hand acupuncture, moxibustion, meridian massage prevail among them. This leads to illegal oriental medical services in the name of volunteer medical work. Conclusion The system is needed that local OMD association take part in community welfare of oriental medical service and care with community welfare center and community health center. Local volunteer medical services and researches of medical policy can help increase the chance for OMDs to go into social welfare system of the aged.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.321-327
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• 1998

This paper presented a case study on the application of on-line wear monitoring technique to a high duty air-turbo-compressor system. Main objects monitored were a gear unit and metal bearings, both shown frequent troubles due to the severe operation conditions at heavy dynamic load. The air-turbo-compressor system needs secure condition monitoring because it is one of the main utilities in steel making industry. Temperature and vibration characteristics have been mainly on-line monitored in this system for a predictive maintenance; however, it has been shown that they are not fairly good enough to give an early warning prior to the machine failure. In this work, an on-line Opto Magnetic Detector(OMD) was implemented for an on-line wear monitoring, which quantitatively measured the contamination level of both ferrous and non-ferrous wear particles by detecting the change in optical density of used oil. Results showed that the application of on-line OMD system was satisfactory in diagnosis of the machine system.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 1988

The rumen degradability of rice straw (untreated, urea-sprayed, urea-treated), grasses (Panicum maximum, Pennisetum clandestinum) and rice bran was compared. The mean in vivo organic matter digestibility of the untreated (US), urea-supplemented (SS) and urea-ammonia treated (TS) rice straw were 50.9, 53.9 and 57.4%, respectively. Rice bran contained extremely high levels of acid-insoluble ash (25.2% DM), and its OMD was 36.1%. Grasses had OMD values around 66%. Degradability measurements were performed with buffaloes using the nylon bag technique. The organic matter (OM) disappearance data were fitted to an model which was used to describe degradation pattern. The mean potentially degradable fraction for US, SS and TS was 61.5, 61.9 and 69.4%, respectively. Urea-ammonia treatment increased both the amount of OM degraded and the rate at which it was degraded in the rumen. Both grasses had similar values for degradable fraction (around 65%) and for rate constant for degradation (0.04). Rice bran contained high proportions of readily soluble material (23.9%), but the degradable OM fraction was only 13.2%. The low quality of rice bran is attributed to the contamination of rice hulls during processing.