• Title/Summary/Keyword: OLS(Ordinary Least Square)

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Domestic Government Debt and Economic Growth in Indonesia: An empirical analysis

  • Bukit, Alexander Romarino;Anggraeni, Lukytawati
    • The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.27-37
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    • 2017
  • Domestic government debt securities is one of the steps which is taken by the government of Indonesia as a major source of financial budget, covering for the budget deficit, debt payments and interest debt. The purposes of this research are to know the development of budget deficits, government debt and impact of domestic government debt securities against economic growth in Indonesia. Method of analysis used Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) analyzing the impact of the domestic debt against economic growth in Indonesia. This research uses time series data from 1997 to 2014. Total government debt and domestic government debt securities in Indonesia increased during the last five years. The average of domestic government securities was above 50 percent of the total government debt. Estimated results showed domestic government debt securities has a positive and significant effect to economic growth. Official development assistance (ODA) has a negative effect to economic growth. Other variables such as the gross fixed capital formation and receipt of remittance have positive and significant effect, total imports and government expenditure have negative and significant effect against economic growth.

Spatial Distribution of Diabetes Prevalence Rates and Its Relationship with the Regional Characteristics (당뇨병 유병률의 지역 간 변이와 지역 특성과의 관계 분석)

  • Jo, Eun-Kyung;Seo, Eun-Won;Lee, Kwang-Soo
    • Health Policy and Management
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.30-38
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    • 2016
  • Background: This study purposed to analyze the relationship between spatial distribution of Diabetes prevalence rates and regional variables. Methods: The unit of analysis was administrative districts of city gun gu. Dependent variable was the age- and sex- adjusted diabetes prevalence rates and regional variables were selected to represent three aspects: demographic and socioeconomic factor, health and medical factor, and physical environment factor. Along with the traditional ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis, geographically weighted regression (GWR) was applied for the spatial analysis. Results: Analysis results showed that age- and sex-adjusted diabetes prevalence rates were varied depending on regions. OLS regression showed that diabetes prevalence rates had significant relationships with percent of population over age 65 and financial independence rate. In GWR, the effects of regional variables were not consistent. These results provide information to health policy makers. Conclusion: Regional characteristics should be considered in allocating health resources and developing health related programs for the regional disease management.

Analysing the Effects of Regional Factors on the Regional Variation of Obesity Rates Using the Geographically Weighted Regression (공간분석을 이용한 지역별 비만율에 영향을 미치는 요인분석)

  • Kim, Da Yang;Kwak, Jin-Mi;Seo, Eun-Won;Lee, Kwang-Soo
    • Health Policy and Management
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.271-278
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    • 2016
  • Background: This study purposed to analyze the relationship between regional obesity rates and regional variables. Methods: Data was collected from the Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS) and Community Health Survey in 2012. The units of analysis were administrative districts such as city, county, and district. The dependent variable was the age-sex adjusted regional obesity rates. The independent variables were selected to represent four aspects of regions: health behaviour factor, psychological factor, socio-economic factor, and physical environment factor. Along with the traditional ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis model, this study applied geographically weighted regression (GWR) analysis to calculate the regression coefficients for each region. Results: The OLS results showed that there were significant differences in regional obesity rates in high-risk drinking, walking, depression, and financial independence. The GWR results showed that the size of regression coefficients in independent variables was differed by regions. Conclusion: Our results can help in providing useful information for health policy makers. Regional characteristics should be considered when allocating health resources and developing health-related programs.

Analysis on the Regional Variation of the Rate of Inpatient Medical Costs in Local-Out: Geographically Weighted Regression Approach (지리적가중회귀분석을 이용한 관외입원진료비 비율의 지역 간 차이 분석)

  • Jo, Eun-Kyung;Lee, Kwang-Soo
    • The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.11-22
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    • 2014
  • This study purposed to analyze the regional variation of the local-out rates of inpatient services. Multiple data sources collected from National Health Insurance Corporation and statistics Korea were merged to produce the analysis data set. The unit of analysis in this study was city, Gun, Gu, and all of them were included in analysis. The dependent variable measured the local-out rate of inpatient cost in study regions. Local environments were measured by variables in three dimensions: provider factors, socio-demographic factors, and health status. Along with the traditional ordinary least square (OLS) based regression model, geographically weighted regression (GWR) model were applied to test their effects. SPSS v21 and ArcMap v10.2 were applied for the statistical analysis. Results from OLS regression showed that most variables had significant relationships with the local-out rate of inpatient services. However, some variables had shown diverse directions in regression coefficients depending on regions in GWR. This implied that the study variables might not have consistent effects and they may varied depending the locations.

Estimation for the Distribution of Creep Crack Growth Coefficients by Probabilistic Assessment (확률적 방법에 의한 크리프 균열성장 계수의 분포 추정)

  • Lee, Sang-Ho;Yoon, Kee-Bong;Choe, Byung-Hak;Min, Doo-Sik;Ahn, Jong Seok;Lee, Gil Jae;Kim, Sun-Hwa
    • Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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    • v.48 no.9
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    • pp.791-797
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    • 2010
  • The creep crack growth rate (da/dt) of the Cr-Mo steels tested by pre-crack and the voltage (or resistance) variables were related into fracture parameter (Ct), crack growth coefficient (H), and an exponent (q) in the parts of Base, weld and HAZ. The fracture parameter (Ct) has various variables relating to the specimen and crack shape, applied stress, and creep strain curve. The H and q was inferred by OLS regression (ordinary least square method), and the H values were solved in statistics and probability assessment, which were attained fromPDF's distributions (probability density function). The HAZ part has the highest value of q by OLS regression and the widest distribution of H by PDF of WEIBULL, which means that the crack sensitivity of HAZ should be cautioned against the creep crack growth and failure.

The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stock Market Returns in Indonesia Stock Exchange

  • HERWANY, Aldrin;FEBRIAN, Erie;ANWAR, Mokhamad;GUNARDI, Ardi
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.39-47
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    • 2021
  • This research aims to confirm if the COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on existing sectors, and how that affects the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) market returns. The research method used is an event study employing market models in nine sectors of the Exchange with purposive sampling technique, and supported by Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression. Based on the calculation of abnormal returns in the period of 30 days before up to 30 days after, the financial property, real estate, and construction sector results show a decreased abnormal return value. The infrastructure, utilities, and transportation sectors also show an abnormal return value that tends to be constant, while the abnormal return value increases in other sectors. Judging from the cumulative value of abnormal returns, the most affected sector is financials, followed by the trade, service, and investment sectors. The consumer goods and mining industry sectors are still optimistic, while other sectors show temporary negative sentiment. Overall, the stocks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic with a cumulative negative value of the average abnormal return sample. The results using OLS regression also strengthen the relationships between the COVID-19 pandemic, and negative and significant market returns.

Relationship Between Supply Factors of Medical Care and Use of Bed (의료의 공급량과 병상이용량과의 관계에 관한 국제비교연구)

  • 정형선
    • Health Policy and Management
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.18-34
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    • 1995
  • To clarify the relationship between the medical supply(medical persons and goods) and the use of bed, the author has made comparison among OECD 24 countries. Per Capita Bed-days can be divided into Average Length of Stay and Admission Rate, and these three variables were regressed upon both In-patient Care Beds of all medical institutions including acute somatic, psychiatric, special, nursing homes and other long-term care and Share of Total Health Employment in Total Employment. The result of regression analysis shows a statistically significant positive relationship between In-patient Care Beds and Average Length of Stay, and negative relationship between Share of Total Health Employment and Admission Rate. In addition to Ordinary Least Square(OLS) estimation, amended Bounded Influence Estimation(BIE) was also made to adjust the influence of outliers. Japan shows a very large number of In-patient Care Beds and a very low Share of Total Health Employment, and this medical situation is judged to have close relation to her long Average Length of Stay and low Admission Rate.

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An Analysis of Characteristics in Food Balance and Dietary Patterns under the Economic Growth (경제 성장에 따른 식품수급 및 식이섭취 양상의 특성 분석)

  • Lee, Jong-Mee
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.6 no.4 s.13
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    • pp.41-50
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    • 1990
  • This study aimed to investigate the change in food balance and dietary patterns, caused by the growth of per capita GNP during $1962{\sim}1987$. For the purpose of this analysis, ordinary least square (OLS) was adopted. Per capita GNP was independent variable and the other factors dependent variables. The other factors included Engel coefficient, food supply, energy supply, nutrient intake and the ratio of self-supply of food. The result revealed that the some variables have (+) correlation, the some variables (-) correlation and the other variables no correlation with per capita GNP. If forecasting models are designed with these results, it will be helpful for national health and nutrition, food balance and disease prevention.

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The Forecasting Model of the Change in Food Balance and Nutrient Intake under the Economic Growth (경제성장에 따른 식품수급 및 영양소 섭취 변화의 예측 모형)

  • Lee, Jong-Mee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.481-485
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    • 1990
  • This study is designed to forecast the characteristics in food consumption patterns under per capita GNP growth. Ordinary least square(OLS)method was employed as analyzing technique. Equation was $Y=a_0+a_1X$, in which X was per capita GNP and Y were Engel coefficient, food supply, energy supply, nutrient intake and ratio of self-supply of food. The result obtained indicates that the intake of nutrient such as protein and fat will be increased, and wheat, corn and legume are expected to be imported wholly due to lower ratio of self-supply, and rice will be over-supplied continually. Therefore, the relevant policy of government must be established in the field of supply and demand of food, and the research of sound national health should be done.

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A Study on the Impact of Holding Period on BHAR(CAR) in IPO Process: Focus on Business Relationship (기업공개과정에서 보유기간과 보유기간 수익률간의 상관관계 연구: 주간사와 거래관계 기관투자자를 중심으로)

  • Chung, Jai-Woong
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.81-95
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    • 2021
  • Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of holding period of IPOs on BHAR(CAR) of IPOs in IPO process, especially focused on business relationship of underwriters and institutional investors. Design/methodology/approach - This paper collected monthly IPO fund data in KOSDAQ during 2004 to 2012 and OLS(Ordinary Least Square) was hired to analyze the data. Findings - Underwriters do allocate IPOs with high BHAR(CAR) to business-related institutional investors holding IPOs longer to make the price of IPOs stable (market-making) for underewriters. Research implications or Originality - This paper finds the impact of holding period of IPOs on BHAR(CAR) of IPOs in IPO process, especially focused on business relationship of underwriters and institutional investors in Korea.