• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.209-215
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• 2001

This study was conducted to examine the effects of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidine oxoammonium ion(TEMPO) and sodium bromide(NaBr) for the selective oxidation on primary alcohol groups of rice starch molecules in rice flour and to use oxidized rice flour in Julpyun to extend its shelf life. Reaction time decreased with higher levels of TEMPO and NaBr. Yield and selectivity decreased with increased NaBr levels. TEMPO increased yield until certain levels, but decreased thereafter. The levels of TEMPO and NaBr for the preparation of oxidized rice flour were determined as 0.9 and 44 mM/100 mM anhydroglucose unit, respectively. Water and oil binding capacities, and viscosity increased significantly by the oxidation of rice flour. The partial replacement of rice flour with oxidized rice flour increased peak viscosity and decreased setback. Oxidized rice flour with the increased amount of water showed positive effect on the textural properties of Julpyun during storage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1169-1174
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the biological effect of deer's antler velvet on the testicular toxicity of rats exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD ). Thirty male rats were divided into three equal groups. The control group received vehicle (DMSO/acetone/soybean oil mixture) and saline; single dose of 50 $/mu$g/kg body weight TCDD was injected intraperitoneally into the single TCDD-treated and test group. Test group received ethanol extract of antler velvet (EAV) at daily dose of 20 mg/kg body weight for 5 weeks from one week before TCDD exposure. Decrease in body weight increment was less remarkable in test group compared with that of TCDD-treated group. TCDD-induced decrease in testicular weight, microtubular diameter and Johnson's score, and lesion were significantly alleviated by the treatment of EAV. This result led us to the conclusion that antler velvet can attenuate TCDD-induced testicular toxicity in rats.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.395-399
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• 1997

Meat model emulsions ware prepared with salt-soluble protein and soybean oil. Effects of water-soluble protein (WSP) on the meat model emulsion treated with/without BHT during 8 day storage $5^{\circ}C$ under both dark and light illumination were studied by measuring POV and TBA. An emulsion without BHA and WSP was used as a control. Under light storage, there was no significant difference in peroxide values between the control and the sample treated with BHA except the 2nd day of storage. However, TBA values of the sample treated with BHA were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of control except the 4th day of storage. TBA and POV of the samples treated with WSP and WSP + BHA were higher than control after 4th day of storage under light. That is, water soluble protein, which was composed mainly of myoglobin, increased lipid oxidation under light storage. The similar trends were also shown in the samples stored under dark. These results suggested that acceleration of lipid oxidation of the meat model emulsions by water soluble protein (WSP) under both light and dark might not be due to the singlet oxygen formation, but due to superoxide anion formed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.617-624
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• 1990

Proper processing condition of Yukwa(oil popped rice snack) for mass production and pop-ping mechanism of it were tested with Shinsun (waxy, Japonica type rice) which was excellent for Yukwa making. Optimum steaming time of dough was 15 min among 4 to 60 min and reasonable moisture content of the dough before steaming was 4895 among 48 to 53% which had good and fine texture. Acceptable stirring time of steamed dough was not significantly different among 1 to 4 min, but no stirring with much larger volume was shown very poor and too soft in texture. At the simplification test of milling method, wet milling was better then dry milling in expansion rate and high temperature treatment of dough at 6$0^{\circ}C$ gave negative effect on their quality. Extending high temperature treatment of dough, reducing sugars in the dough increased and it might be caused of starch degradation. In addition of some other protein sources to dough, Yukwa quality were in proportion to the protein content of the beans. At the long term storage of the Yukwa base, moisture absorption was different depending upon RH of atmosphere and the quality of Yukwa was inferior by storage time. By addition of some alcoholic beverage, such as Makkoli, Soju and Chungju, expansion rate and their texture were somewhat improved by increasing addition amount of them from 15% to. 30％ on dough (w/w).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.527-537
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• 1991

To evaluate an effect of liver xanthine oxidase on the induction of liver damage, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was intraperitoneally injected twice at 0.1ml/100g body weight to the rate fed a low (LP)or high protein diet(HP) while the control group fed LP or HP received only olive oil. The changing rate of liver xanthine oxidas activity was compared with that of a free radical generating enzyme, liver aniline hydroxylase and a scavenging enzyme, glutathions S-transferase activity between the rate fed a LP and those fed HP, and the two groups treated with CCl4. Concomitantly, the degree of liver damage which could be considered as the paramete for CCl4 metabolism in case of CCl4-intoxicated animal was observed in the present experimental conditions and the effect of allopurinol, xanthine oxidase inhibitor, on the CCl4-toxicity of rate liver was alos demostrated. On the other hand, the comparative effect of actinomycin D on the liver and serum xanthine oxidase of CCl4-treated rats fed HP with that of those fed LP and the kinetics of purifed liver enzyme from the liver of CCl4-treated rats fed HP was also compared with that of those fed LP to clarify the differences of xanthine oxidase activity between two groups. The increasing rate of liver weigth/body wt, serum levels of ALT and the decreasing rate of hepatic ALT activity and protein contents to each control group were higher in CCl4-treated rats fed HP than those fed LP. Under the animal models as indentified by the present data herein, the liver xanthine oxidase activity was higher in CCl4-treated rats fed HP than those fed LP, and the control group fed HP also showed the much higher activity xanthine oxidase than that fed LP, whereas there were no differences in the activity of hepatic aniline hydroxylase and glutathions S-transferase between the two group treated with CCl4. Although the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity was somewhat higher in the rats fed HP than those fed LP, the increasing rate of liver xanthine oxidase to the rats fed LP was higher in those fed HP than that of liver aniline hydroxylase. The degree of liver damage identified such as liver weight and serum ALT activity was less in the CCl4-treated rats pretreated with allopurinol. These results suggest that even a system at which xanthine oxidase acts as well as the drug metabolizing enzyme may influence the acelatin of CCl4 metabolism. In addition, the purified liver xanthine oxidase from CCl4-treated rats fed HP showed decreased Km value when compared to its control group. The Km value of liver xanthine oxidase of CCl4-treated rats fed LP showed a similar Km value with its control group. Furthermore, the decreasing rate of liver and serum xanthine oxidase acitivity in CCl4-treated rats pretreated with actinomycin D to the CCl4-treated rats was higher in rats fed HP than in those fed LP. These results suggest that the inductino of xanthine oxidase in CCl4-treated rats fed HP may be greater than in those fed LP.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 1984

In order to ascertain the practical possibility of home made retort pouches for production of retort pouch foods in factory, two kinds of retortable pouches, i. e. 3 ply film (polyester film/Al. foil/casting polypropylene) and 4 ply film(polyester film/Al. foil/nylon/casting poll·propylene) were developed in Korea, and then, their physical properties, such as physical strength, heat resistance during thermal processing and preservability of foods and sanitary safety, were tested and compared with the foreign made pouches. The results obtained were summarized as follows. a. The physical strength of home made retort pouches in processing model foods(soybean oil 5 %, acetic acid 2%, starch 5 % and water to 100 %) was equal to that of foreign made pouches at accelerated examination condition($38^{\circ}C$, 98 % RH). But the lamination strength of home made products was a little bit superior to that of foreign made products. b. Home made retort pouches(SAMA-4 ply and SAMA-3 ply pouch) packed with rice or curry was possible to bear the thermal processing at $135^{\circ}C$ and shelf-life was one year or more at ambient temperature($20^{\circ}C$). c. Sanitary safety test showed that these home made retort pouches were acceptable comparing to the regulation recommended by the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.596-602
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• 1991

The comopositon of lipids extracted from corn embryo with various solvents were analyzed. The solvents for the extraction were benzene(BZ), n-hexane(HX), pet. ether(PE), trichlorethylene (TE), chloroform-methoanol(2:1, v/v) (CM), dichlormethane - methanol(2:1, v/v)(DM) and hexanediethyl ether(5:1, v/v)(HD). The lipids were than fractinated by silicis acid column chromatography(SACC) into three lipid fractions. The Neutral lipid fractons were further separated by thin layer chromatography(TLC) and the individual lipid spots were quantitatived by TLC scanner. And then the fatty acid compositions of total lipids and neutral lipids were determined by gas chromatography(GC). Crude oil contents of corn embryo were most efficient by using DM, CM and neutral lipid was extracted much HX, BZ, HD systems than did PE, DM, DM an CM were most efficient solvent systems for extracting glycolipid and phospholipid. The major component of the neutral lipid fractions was found to be triglyceride, and it was superior DM to PE. Linoleic acid was the predominant fatty acid in the total lipids, and it was most efficient with BZ and TE. The major fatty acid in neutral lipids was also linoleic acid and it was superior BZ to PE, CM, HD and oleic acid was similar to seven solvents and palmitic acid was found much superior in using CM.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.271-279
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• 2013

Water-soluble collagen (30 wt%) was entrapped within oil phase of lipstick using reversed micelle method to improve the moisture capacity of the lipstick. Reversed micelles containing collagen were prepared using caprylic/capric triglyceride as external phase and polyoxyethylene (10) octylphenyl ether (Triton X-100) and 1-dodecanol as surfactant and co-surfactant, respectively. The formation of reversed micelle encapsulating collagen was confirmed by measuring electric conductivity and UV-vis spectrum using methylene blue (MB). The stability and moisture capacity of the lipstick containing 20 wt% collagen encapsulated reversed micelles were observed by measuring rheology property, moisture content and amino acid content. The molecular ratio (W, water-pool) of water to surfactant (Triton X-100) in the most stable reversed micelle was ${\leq}$ 10. The hardness of the lipstick had no difference with that of the lipstick without reversed micelle, and the moisture content was increased to 59% and the amino acid content was 92.7%.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.99-99
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• 2018

본 연구는 4종의 산야초 추출물(개느삼, 엄나무, 참취, 60가지 산야초혼합 - 모두 원 식물재료를 설탕과 혼합하여 추출한 발효추출물을 15년 숙성시킨 원액의 3% 수용액으로 처리)과 8종의 허브 정유(베르가모트, 클라리세이지, 휀넬, 제라니움, 마조람, 타임, 로즈우드, 스페어민트 원액의 0.3% 농도로 처리) 및 2종의 호르몬(지베렐린, 카이네틴, 0.3%)을 2종의 보리종자(1998년산 새올보리, 2016년산 찰쌀보리) 발아율 향상에 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고자 수행하였다. 특히 새올보리 묵은 종자의 발아력 증진에 효과가 있는지 알아볼 목적으로 수행하였다. 묵은 종자 새올보리의 무처리구에서 8%와 43%의 낮은 발아세와 발아율을 보인 반면, 산야초 추출물 처리구에서 84~93%와 86~100%의 높은 발아세와 발아율을 보였다. 호르몬처리구는 새올보리에서 발아세와 발아율은 각각 43~87%와 55~95%였다. 또한, 찰쌀보리의 경우 무처리의 발아세와 발아율은 각각 54%와 91%였다. 반면, 산야초 추출물 처리구에서 92~100%의 발아세와 95~100%의 높은 발아율을 보였고, 호르몬 처리구에서는 각각 77~85%와 87%의 발아세와 발아율을 보였다. 무처리(증류수)와 2종의 호르몬 및 8종의 허브 정유에 비해 산야초 추출물의 발아 증진 효과가 현저하게 높았다. 특히 냉장고($4^{\circ}C$)에서 20년 보관한 묵은 보리종자에 대해서도 유의한 발아율 향상을 보였다. 정유는 대체로 발아를 억제하는 것으로 나타나 잡초 종자에 대한 발아억제(제초제 대용) 가능성을 시사한다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.195-216
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• 2013

In this paper, I investigate how international prices affect domestic prices and export prices in Korea by using vector error correction model(VECM) and estimate its impact on international trade. According to the empirical results, international prices, such as world raw material prices and oil prices, make stronger effects on domestic prices, in order of import, export, producer, and consumer prices. And recent years the effect of international raw material prices on domestic prices becomes larger. It implies importers, exporters and producers are more affected by international prices than consumers are. Therefore, the international trade, import and export, is affected by changes in international prices. Firms, especially importing and exporting companies, should do much efforts on risk managing about raw material prices variation, diversification of raw material suppliers, and oversea resources development. The government is needed to support on firms those efforts while doing its economic policies to cope with economic conditions and the price policy.