• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2015

■ Objectives The purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate the effect of Traditional Korean Medicine(KM) on a patient with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. ■ Methods We treated a 58 years old male patien t with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome who had several clinical symptoms such as ocular pain, limitaion of ocular movement and unilateral ptosis. We used herbal medication, acupuncture, electro-acupuncture(EA), cupping, moxibustion, bee-venom injection. Then we evaluated the improvement by Numerical Rating scale(NRS), Distance of eye opening and ratio of pupil movement. ■ Results We demonstrated the decrease of pain score and improvement of equal ocular movement(EOM) and ptosis after the KM treatment. ■ Conclusion This study proved the effect of KM treatment on Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. It could cooperative treatment would be more effective than mono treatment of western medicine.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2023

The ultimate role of ocular movements is to keep the image of an object within the fovea and thereby prevent image slippage on the retina. Accurate evaluations of eye movements provide very useful information for understanding the functions of the oculomotor system and determining abnormalities therein. Such evaluations also play an important role in enabling accurate diagnoses by identifying the location of lesions and discriminating from other diseases. There are various types of ocular movements, and this article focuses on saccades, fast eye movements, smooth pursuit, and slow eye movements, which are the most important types of eye movements used in evaluations performed in clinical practice.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.189-198
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• 2003

영상 안진기(VOG, Videooculograph)는 전정 안반사의 객관적 평가 방법으로 이용되고 있는 안구 운동 측정 방법 중의 하나이다. 영상 안진기의 핵심 기술은 눈꺼풀이나 속눈셉, 각막 반사, 그리고 눈 깜박임과 같은 영향에 덜 민감하면서 동공의 중점과 회전 운동을 정확하게 찾는 것이다. 회전 운동의 측정에 있어 부정확한 동공의 중점은 부정확한 회전 운동 측정으로 이어지므로 3차원 영상 안진기에서는 중점의 정확한 추정이 매우 중요하다. 이를 위해 잡음에 영향을 적게 받는 동공 중점을 찾는 새로운 알고리즘을 제안하고 알고리즘의 성능에 영향을 주는 인자에 대해 분석하여 최적의 조건을 찾았다. 그리고 제안한 방법을 이용하여 안구의 수평, 수직, 회전 운동, 그리고 동공의 크기 변화를 측정할 수 있는 실시간 3차원 VOG 시스템을 구현하였다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2002

Objective : In 1983 Autosomal dominent spinocerebellar ataxia(ADCA) has been classified to four types by a useful clinical features according to Harding. Since 1993 ADCA referred to as SCA by molecular genetic characteristics. We focused on the improvement of clinical symptoms in SCA patient through oriental medical treatment. Methods ＆ Results : The assessment included neurophysiological examination and clinical symptoms. For example slow saccade, gaze limitation, upward and lateral, nystagmus, truncal and gait ataxia. The patient(M/30) was clinically charaterized by ocular abnormalities, trunkal and gait ataxia and the MRI showed atrophy of cerebellar vermis. The patient was taken both common acupuncture and Dong-Si venepuncture on Hwasan with herbal medicine. Before the treatment Rt. ocular movement were slowed and a significant eye fixation was observed always in abduction and intermittently presented trunkal and gait ataxia. During the treatment trunkal and gait ataxia has not been presented and ocular obnomalities changed to normal state. This case suggests the possibility of oriental medical treatment on SCA but further observation is needed on this patient.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 1970

In recent observations on vestibular eye movements in mammals, reported by several different workers, it was indicated that the pattern of reflex eye movement from semicircular canal nerve stimulation in rabbits was different from that observed in the other species such as cats and dogs. Observing the different anatomical features of the extraocular muscles of rabbits, Kim ascribed the different pattern of eye movement of rabbits to the functional difference of inferior and superior oblique muscles from those of other species. Present experiment was carried out to elucidate a physiological mechanism underlying in such particular pattern of reflex eye movement in rabbits. An individual canal nerve was selectively stimulated, under a dissecting microscope, by a fine electrode induced into an ampulla through a hole provided on the wall of corresponding osseous canal, and responses of the extraocular muscles were checked by recording the isotonic changes of muscle length. Following results were obtained. 1. Direct stimulation of the superior or inferior oblique muscles Produced upward or downward movement of the eye turning toward medial side respectively. 2. Stimulation of the unilateral canal nerve Produced a marked contraction of a main contracting ocular muscle and simultaneous relaxation of an antagonistic muscle in both eyes. Less potent contraction of an additional ocular muscle was observed and it appeared to augment the function of the main contracting muscle in the ipsilateral eye. 3. Stimulation of superior semicircular canal nerve caused a primary contraction of superior rectus, synergic contraction of superior oblique and relaxation of inferior rectus in ipsilateral eye. Contraction of inferior oblique and relaxation of superior oblique were observed in the contralateral eye. 4. Stimulation of lateral semicircular canal nerve produced a primary contraction of medial rectus, synergic contraction of superior oblique and relaxation of lateral rectus in the ipsilateral eye. Contraction of lateral rectus and relaxation of medial rectus were observed in the contralateral eye. 5. Stimulation of inferior semicircular canal nerve produced a primary contraction of superior oblique, synergic contraction of superior rectus and relaxation of inferior oblique in the ipsilateral eye. Contraction of. inferior rectus and relaxation of superior rectus were observed in the contralateral eye. 6. Upon stimulation of individual canal nerve, the pattern of eye movement in rabbits is different from those of cats, however, the responses of the extraocular muscles appear to be similar in two species. Therefore, it is concluded that the different Pattern of eye movement in both species are not due to the possible difference of vestibule-ocular reflex pathways but to the functional difference of superior and inferior oblique muslces.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2014

■ Objectives The purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate the effect of Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM) on a patient with abnormal eye movement. ■ Methods A patient with abnormal eye movement of limbs diagnosed with midbrain infarction was treated with herbal medication, acupuncture, moxa, and herbal medical injection. Then we evaluated the improvement by measuring range of eye movement. ■ Results Increase of range of eye movement and improvement of symptom of diplopia were observed after the TKM treatment. ■ Conclusion This study proved the effect of TKM treatment on abnormal eye movement due to midbrain infarction.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2007

Although many children with cerebral palsy have problems with their eye movements available data on its intervention is minimal. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the postural movement normalization and eye movement program on the oculomotor ability of children with cerebral palsy. Twenty-four children with cerebral palsy (12 male and 12 female), aged between 10 and 12, were invited to partake in this study. The subjects were randomly allocated to two groups: an experimental group received the postural movement normalization and eye movement program and a control group which received conventional therapy without the eye movement program. Each subject received intervention three times a week for twelve weeks. The final measurement was the ocular motor computerized test before and after treatment sessions through an independent assessor. Differences between the experimental group and control group were determined by assessing changes in oculomotor ability using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The changes of visual fixation (p<.01), saccadic eye movement (p<.01) and pursuit eye movement (p<.01) were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. These results show that the postural movement normalization and eye movement program may be helpful to treat children with cerebral palsy who lose normal physical and eye movement.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2013

본 논문은 모바일 기기를 통해 건강에 중요한 부분인 안구 운동을 유도하고 이를 통해 안구 근육을 강화하여 시력을 튼튼히 유지시킬 수 있는 안구 운동 유도 기능의 프로그램을 개발하고 이를 스마트 폰의 앱의 형태로 구성하여 사용자가 쉽게 안구운동을 시행할 수 있도록 구현 하였다. 안구운동을 통해 시력이 강화되는지에 대한 기존의 연구결과를 참고하였으며 특히 안구운동에 대한 구체적인 운동패턴을 본 논문에 적용하여 구현하였다. 구현 방법은 기존 웹개발 언어인 HTML과 CSS를 통해 화면을 구성하고 기능을 구현하기 위해 javascript 언어를 사용하여 해당기능들을 함수로 작성하였다. 웹프로그램을 앱으로 변환하는 툴은 앱스프레소를 이용하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.308-316
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• 2006

Objectives Despite considerable advances in technique, experience and skill, the precise place of surgery in the treatment of facial nerve injury remains uncertain. We designed a facial nerve crush injury model in rats and evaluated the recovery of crushed nerve which is the most common injury type of facial nerve using adenovirus vector mediated in vivo gene transfer of Brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF). Materials and methods In 48 Sprague Dawley rats, we made a facial nerve crush injury model to main trunk before the furcation, and injected a $10^{11}$pfu adenoviral BDNF in experimental group(BDNF adenoviral injection group; ad-BDNF) and $3{\mu}l$ saline in control group(Saline injection group; saline). After a period of regeneration from 10 to 40 days, nerve regeneration was evaluated with functioinal test (vibrissae and ocular movement), electrophysiologic study(threshold, peak voltage, conduction velocity) and histomorphometric study of axon density. Results Vibrissae and ocular movement, threshold and conduction velocity improved as time elapse in both group, however axon density was increased significantly only in experimental group. Functional test in 10 days and 20 days showed no difference between experimental group and control group. Vibrissae movement, threshold, conduction velocity and axon density in 30 days revealed that the regeneration in quality of experimental group was significantly superior to that of control group. Conclusion In general, there is tendency for nerve regeneration in experimental group (BDNF-adenovirus injection group) during 40 days, functional recovery was detected successfully after facial nerve crush in 30 days postoperatively.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.254-261
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• 2019

Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO) is characterized by lesion side eye's adduction limitation in lateral horizontal gaze and nystagmus in the abducting eye due to lesions in the Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF). Brainstem infarction is one of the causes of INO, but related issues have seldom been reported in the Korean medical literature. The present case was a pontine infarction patient with INO who complained of diplopia and eye movement disorder. The patient was treated with Korean medicine treatment, including herbal medicine, acupuncture, cupping, and moxibustion for 30 days. Her changes in clinical symptoms were measured with a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and a length of External Ocular Movement (EOM), in which the patient's right eyeball moved to the left from the midline in the left gaze. After treatment, her clinical symptoms were improved. Diplopia decreased from NRS 10 to NRS 2, and eye movement disorder was improved such that EOM increased from 1mm to 5 mm. Therefore, integrative Korean medicine treatment may be effective in the treatment of INO patients caused by pontine infarction.