• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.355-358
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• 2002

A sediments are Integral called as gravel, sand, clay, mineral materials which are settling in bottom layer of reservoir, stream, and oceans from land. In practical problems relations of sediments are flood by decreed of flow capacity and down of water quality. Dredged sediments are composed with constructed material and variety of pollutant compounds. Therefore, it is very much of cost effects in nationally, if development for use of constructed material separated only constructed material within sediments. And it will be continue to the dredge operation of stream sediment for retrofit of water environment and sustainable's after the years. The following results could be obtained : In case of high concentration sediments, sample for design of CDF was shown property of flocculent settling. Assuming that average inflow rate is 1, 000㎥/hr, mean residence time( $T_{d}$), average ponding depth( $H_{pd}$ ), and design surface area for flocculent settling( $A_{df}$ ) were 5 hr, 0.6m, and 15, 750 $m^2$ respectivelyrespectivelyy

• ALGAE
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2016

The genus Pterosiphonia includes twenty-one currently described species of red algae that occur in temperate to tropical regions of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Pterosiphonia spinifera was originally described as Polysiphonia spinifera from Peru and later transferred to Pterosiphonia. Pterosiphonia spinifera has been reported from Peru as Pterosiphonia pennata, which was originally described from the Mediterranean Sea. Recently, Pterosiphonia arenosa was described based on specimens of P. pennata from Korea. We collected P. spinifera along the coast of Peru and P. arenosa near the type locality in Korea. We compared them with the isotype specimens of P. arenosa using both morphological and molecular data. Our morphological observations and our phylogenetic analysis of rbcL sequences demonstrate that P. spinifera and P. arenosa are conspecific and indicate that P. arenosa is a later synonym of P. spinifera. Our study confirms the wide occurrence of P. spinifera in the western and eastern Pacific Ocean.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.617-623
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• 2003

Organisms living in the Arctic and Antarctic regions are exposed to strong constraints, of which temperature is a driving factor. Evolution has led to special adaptations, some with important implications at the biochemical, physiological, and molecular levels. The northern and southern polar oceans have very different characteristics. Tectonic and oceanographic events have played a key role in delimiting the two polar ecosystems and influencing evolution. Antarctica has been isolated and cold longer than the Arctic; its ice sheet developed at least 10 million years earlier. As an intermediate system, the Arctic is a connection between the more extreme, simpler Antarctic system and the very complex temperate and tropical systems. By studying the molecular bases of cold adaptation in polar fish, and taking advantage of the information available on hemoglobin structure and function, we analysed the evolutionary history of the ${\alpha}\;and\;{\beta}globins$ of Antarctic and Arctic hemoglobin using the molecular clock hypothesis as a basis for reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships among species.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.94-99
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• 2002

The oceans cover about $71\%$ of the Earth's crust and contain nearly 300,000 described species. Free-living bacteria in the sea and symbiotic bacteria of marine invertebrates are proving to be valuable sources of useful bioactive compounds. Marine sponges, in particular, which contain diverse communities of bacteria, produce many classes of compounds that are unique to the marine environment. Uncultured microorganisms are commonly believed to represent $99.9\%$ of the whole microbial community. They have been investigated for the possibility of isolating and over-expressing genes in viable microorganisms. Strict symbiotic species that have been adapted to the host are candidate unculturable species. With the enormous potential for discovery, development, and market value of marine derived compounds, supply of the products is a major limiting factor for further development.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.215-223
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• 2002

Symbiosis of chemoautrophic bacteria with the members of hydrothermal vent and cold seep communities in the deep-sea were examined by histology using transmission electron microscopy; Bathymodiolus spp. from Sagami Bay, the Iheya Ridge and the North Fiji Basin; and Ifremeria nautilei from the North Fiji Basin. Two species of Bathymodiolus, each from Sagami Bay and the Iheya Ridge harbored methane-oxidizing symbionts within their gill tissues. Vent gastropod Ifremeria nautilei from the hydrothermal vents of the North Fiji Basin housed two types of symbionts; one sulfur-oxidizing type and the other methane-oxidizing type. The occurrence of chemosynthetic symbionts in these organisms were expected before-hand based on the ecological observations of their habit. The other members of these groups from world oceans and the recent advances in the symbiosis of the vent and seep communities were reviewed.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2004.02a
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• pp.152-166
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• 2004

The importance of maritime sector in Korea has been increasingly recognized in recent days. As the country enters the $\ulcorner$new ocean era$\lrcorner$, the oceans are often regarded as holding the keys to solve the problems of modern industry associated with changing environment as well as changing societies and national politics. This paper attempts to address the national maritime R&D policies and their relative importances. In the methodology, Saaty's analytic hierarchy process model is used to evaluate and rank the selected maritime R&D projects which have a wide range of characteristics and policy implications. The criteria used for policy evaluation relates specifically to the Korea's evaluation needs and culture, and those criteria are weighted according to their relative importance as perceived by the maritime R&D specialists.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.186-191
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• 2015

Diatoms are a major component of the biological community, serving as the principal primary producers in the food web and sustaining oxygen levels in aquatic environments. Among marine planktonic diatoms, the cosmopolitan Skeletonema costatum is one of the most abundant and widespread species in the world's oceans. Here, we report the basic characteristics of a new diatom-infecting S. costatum virus (ScosV) isolated from Jaran Bay, Korea, in June 2008. ScosV is a polyhedral virus (45-50 nm in diameter) that propagates in the cytoplasm of host cells and causes lysis of S. costatum cultures. The infectivity of ScosV was determined to be strain- rather than species-specific, similar to other algal viruses. The burst size and latent period were roughly estimated at 90-250 infectious units/cell and <48 h, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.433-438
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• 2013

With the prospect of an increasing shortage of energy resources, there has been a growing interest in renewable alternative sources of energy. An increasing effort is being directed towards resolving the problems of extracting energy from the world's oceans, as they represent a vast potential source of renewable energy. This paper summarizes the extraction and conversion techniques of the ocean's energy resources, namely, energy derived from the ocean waves, tides, thermal gradients, and currents. For each energy extraction and conversion technique, case studies are discussed.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2017

The primary purpose of this paper is to analyze the membership of fishing community. In order to become a member of fishing community, some conditions are needed both the member of local fisheries cooperatives and resident of fishing village. Generally, many fishing communities have additional conditions such as to be a member of fishing community that is a minimum term of residence, an entrance fee, fishing abilities. These additional conditions play a critical role in making a relationship, building trust and enhancing fairness. However, the setting of excessive additional conditions make it possible to obstruct growth of fishing community.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.645-652
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• 1999

In order to simulate and investigate the major characteristics of El Nino/Southern Oscillation(ENSO) and Madden Jullian Oscillation(MJO), an intermediate type atmosphere-ocean coupled model is developed and their results are examined. The atmosphere model is a time-dependent non-linear perturbation moist model which can determine the internal heating for itself. The counterpart of the atmosphere model is GCM-type tropical ocean model which has fine horizontal and vertical grid resolutions. In the coupled experiment, warm SST anomaly and increased precipitation and eastward wind and current anomalies associated with ENSO and MJO are properly simulated in Pacific and Indian Oceans. In spite of some discrepancies in simulation MJO, the observed atmospheric and oceanic low-frequency characteristics in the tropics are successfully identified. Among them, positive SST anomalies centered at the 100m-depth of tropical eastern-central Pacific due to the eastward advection of warm water and reduced equatorial upwelling, and negative anomalies in the Indian and western Pacific seem to be the fundamental features of tropical low-frequency oscillations.