• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 1996

Levels of total, neutral and polar lipids from the seeds of eight species of the Cucurbitaceae f Cucurbita moschata, Lufa cylindrica, Citrullus vulgari, Cucumis melo var. makuwa, Cucumis satvus, Lag leucantha. Trichosanthes kirilowii and Momordica charantia, were determinded, and their fatty compositions were also analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. The results were summarized as foll. Lipid contents of the seeds range from 21.9 to 50.7%, which contained 98% up of neutral lipi the fatty acid compositon of ottal lipids from the seeds of Cucurbita moschata, Lufa cylindrica, Ci vulgari, Cucumis melo var. makuwa, Cucumis sativus and Lagenaria leucantha, linoleic acid is the mos dominant component(56.8${\sim}$84.0%) followed by oleic acid(5.7${\sim}$22.2%) and palmitic acid(6.1${\sim}$1) with a trace amount of ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid(below 0.6%). On the contrary, the seed oils of Tricho kirilowii and Momordica charantia are characterized by presence of considerable amounts of con trienoic acid such as punicic acid($_{9c.11t.13c-}C_{18:3}$) and ${\alpha}-eleostearic$ acid($_{9c.11t.13c-}C_{18:3}$). For example total lipids of T. kirilowii seeds were mainly composed of linoleic acid(40.5%) and punicic acid(3) in the fatty acid composition, while those of M. charantia seeds predominantly comprised ${\alpha}-eleos$ acid as a main component(66.9%), accompanied by oleic acid(11.7%) and linoleic acid(10.4%). oil ${\beta}-eleostearic$ acid($_{9t.11t.13c-}C_{18:3}$) was checked as a trace. Fatty acid profiles of neutral lipids close resemblance to those of total lipids in all the seed oils, but are different from those of polar In particular, conjugate trienoic acids including punicic acid and ${\alpha}-eleostearic$ acid which are oc as the most abundant component in both neutral lipids of T. kirilowii and M. charantia seed oils, ar ent in a extremely small amount in both polar lipids. The fatty acid distribution in the polar lipid the samples except for T. kirilowii and M. charantia seed oils, showed a tendency of consid increased level of saturated fatty acids(25.0${\sim}$29.4%) compared with that in the neutral lipids(9.9%). The results obtained in this experiment suggest us that the seed oils of the Cucurbitaceae

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.388-388
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• 2016

Chemical mist deposition (CMD) of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) was investigated with cavitation frequency f, solvent, flow rate of nitrogen, substrate temperature $T_s$, and substrate dc bias $V_s$ as variables for efficient PEDOT:PSS/crystalline (c-)Si heterojunction solar cells (Fig. 1). The high-speed camera and differential mobility analysis characterizations revealed that average size and flux of PEDOT:PSS mist depend on f, solvent, and $V_s$. The size distribution of mist particles including EG/DI water cosolvent is also shown at three different $V_s$ of 0, 1.5, and 5 kV for a f of 3 MHz (Fig. 2). The size distribution of EG/DI water mist without PEDOT:PSS is also shown at the bottom. A peak maximum shifted from 300-350 to 20-30 nm with a narrow band width of ~150 nm for PEDOT:PSS solution, whose maximum number density increased significantly up to 8000/cc with increasing $V_s$. On the other hand, for EG/water cosolvent mist alone, the peak maximum was observed at a 72.3 nm with a number density of ~700/cc and a band width of ~160 nm and it decreased markedly with increasing $V_s$. These findings were not observed for PEDOT:PSS/EG/DI water mist. In addition, the Mie scattering image of PEDOT:PSS mist under white bias light was not observed at $V_s$ above 5 kV, because the average size of mist became smaller. These results imply that most of solvent is solvated in PEDOT:PSS molecule and/or solvent is vaporized. Thus, higher f and $V_s$ generate preferentially fine mist particle with a narrower band width. Film deposition occurred when $V_s$ was impressed on positive to a c-Si substrate at a Ts of $30-40^{\circ}C$, whereas no deposition of films occurred on negative, implying that negatively charged mist mainly provide the film deposition. The uniform deposition of PEDOT:PSS films occurred on textured c-Si(100) substrate by adjusting $T_s$ and $V_s$. The adhesion of CMD PEDOT:PSS to c-Si enhanced by $V_s$ conspicuously compared to that of spin-coated film. The CMD PEDOT:PSS/c-Si solar cell devices on textured c-Si(100) exhibited a ${\eta}$ of 11.0% with the better uniformity of the solar cell parameters. Furthermore, ${\eta}$ increased to 12.5% with a $J_{sc}$ of $35.6mA/cm^2$, a $V_{oc}$ of 0.53 V, and a FF of 0.67 with an antireflection (AR) coating layer of 20-nm-thick CMD molybdenum oxide $MoO_x$ (n= 2.1) using negatively charged mist of 0.1 wt% 12 Molybdo (VI) phosphoric acid n-Hydrate) $H_3(PMo_{12}O_40){\cdot}nH_2O$ in methanol. CMD. These findings suggest that the CMD with negatively charged mist has a great potential for the uniform deposition of organic and inorganic on textured c-Si substrate by adjusting $T_s$ and $V_s$.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.729-735
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• 2008

Purpose : Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases and is also a cause of pneumonia in infants. Respiratory infections by respiratory viruses are also common for infants. The objectives of this study were to identify the clinical manifestations and to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis respiratory infections and coinfections by respiratory viruses in infants younger than 6 months of age. Methods : For this study, we enrolled 6 months or younger infants who were admitted to the Dankook University Hospital between January 2002 and July 2007, with respiratory symptoms. Nasopharyngeal aspirates or throat swabs were collected within s d of hospitalization and C. trachomatis was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Patients who tested positive underwent multiplex PCR for respiratory viruses. Results : A total of 690 patients underwent chlamydial PCR testing and 36 (5.2%) had positive results. Of the 36, 28 (78%) were male; 30 were vaginally delivered. From the 36 patients positive for C. trachomatis, 26 underwent multiplex respiratory viral PCR; 12 were coinfected with viruses. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the most frequent pathogen that was detected in 6 patients. Increased C-reactive protein and fever were significant in patients coinfected with respiratory viruses. Conclusion : C. trachomatis can infected in infants delivered by cesarean section as well as in 6 months old or younger infants. Infant with C. trachomatis respiratory infections can also be coinfected with respiratory infection also coinfected with respiratory viruses. Further studies are needed to better understand the prevalence rates of the this infection and its coinfection rate with respiratory viruses.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.5_2
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• pp.1259-1268
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• 2021

The 2nd Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI-II) is the successor to the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI), which employs one near-ultraviolet wavelength (380 nm) and eight visible wavelengths(412, 443, 490, 510, 555, 620, 660, 680 nm) and three near-infrared wavelengths(709, 745, 865 nm) to observe the marine environment in Northeast Asia, including the Korean Peninsula. However, the multispectral radiance image observed at satellite altitude includes both the water-leaving radiance and the atmospheric path radiance. Therefore, the atmospheric correction process to estimate the water-leaving radiance without the path radiance is essential for analyzing the ocean environment. This manuscript describes the GOCI-II standard atmospheric correction algorithm and its initial phase validation. The GOCI-II atmospheric correction method is theoretically based on the previous GOCI atmospheric correction, then partially improved for turbid water with the GOCI-II's two additional bands, i.e., 620 and 709 nm. The match-up showed an acceptable result, with the mean absolute percentage errors are fall within 5% in blue bands. It is supposed that part of the deviation over case-II waters arose from a lack of near-infrared vicarious calibration. We expect the GOCI-II atmospheric correction algorithm to be improved and updated regularly to the GOCI-II data processing system through continuous calibration and validation activities.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.138-155
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• 2000

Background: Factors related to waiting and staying time for patient care in emergency care center (ECC) were examined during 1 month from Apr. 1 to Apr. 30, 1997 at an ECC of Yeungnam university hospital in Taegu metropolitan city, to obtain the baseline data on the strategy of effective management of emergency patients. Method: The study subjects consisted of the 1,742 patients who visited at ECC and the data were obtained from the medical records of ECC and direct surveys. Results: The mean interval between ECC admission time and initial care time by each ECC duty residents was 83.1 minutes for male patients and 84.9 minutes for female patients, and mean ECC staying time (time interval between admission and final disposition from ECC) was 718.0 minutes in men and 670.5 minutes in women. As the results, the mean staying time in ECC was higher in older age, and especially the both of initial care time and staying time were highest in patients of medical aid, and shortest in patients of worker's accident compensation insurance. The on admission or not, previously endotracheal-intubation state of patient. The ECC staying ti initial care time was much more delayed in patients of not having previous medical records and the ECC staying time was higher in referred patients from out-patient department, in transferred patients from the other hospitals and patients having previous records, and in patients partly used the order-communicating system. The factors associated with the initial care time were the numbers of ECC patients and the existence of any true emergent patients, being cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) statusme was much more longer in patients of drug intoxication, in CPR patients, in medical department patients, in transfused patients and in patients related to 3 or more departments. And according to the numbers of duty internships, the ECC staying time for four internships was more longer than for five internships and after admission ordering was done, also-more longer in status being of no available beds. As above mentioned results, the factors for the ECC staying time were thought to be statistically significant (P<0.01) according to the patient's age and the laboratory orders and the X-ray films checked. And also the factor for the ECC staying time were thought to be statistically significant (P<0.01) according to the status being of no available beds, the laboratory orders and/or the special laboratory orders, the X-ray films checked, final disposing department, transferred to other hospital or not, home medication or not, admission or not, the grades of beds, the year grades of residents, the causes of ECC visit, the being CPR status on admission or not, the surgical operation or not, being known personells in our hospital. Conclution: Authors concluded that the relieving method of long-staying time in ECC was being establishing the legally proved apparatus which could differentiate the true emergency or non-emergency patients, and that the methods of shortening ECC staying time were doing definitely necessary laboratory orders and managing beds more flexibly to admit for ECC patients and finally this methods were thought to be a method of unloading for ECC personnels and improving the quality of care in emergency patients.