• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.393-402
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• 1987

The halophilic bacterium Vibrio vulnificus, previously called lactose-positive(L+) Vibrio and Beneckea vulnifica, causes acute, fulminating wound infections and septicemia in humans. Septicemia is very serious infection with a fatality rate of about 50%. Most patients with primary septicemia due to V. vulnificus have preexisting liver disease. V. vulnificus also cause severe wound infections usually after trauma and exposure to marine animals or the marine environment. The mortality rate is not nearly as high as in primary septicemia caused by this organism. In most cases human disease results from ingestion of contaminated seafood or from infection of a wound, frequently of seawater or crab origin. The author made an attempt to isolation of the V vulnificus from seawater, seamud, fish, shellfish, and algae on the southern sea of Korea from January to September in 1987, using for the purpose of vaccine preparation. The author investigated for bacteriological identification, hemolysis and determination of serotypes of isolated V. vulnificus strains. Eighty-five strains(5.9%) out of 1450 specimens collected of V. vulnificus were isolated. The distribution of the 85 isolates were as follows: 21 strains from seawater, 11 strains from seamud, 28 strains from fish, 19 strains from shellfish, and 6 strains from algae, respectively. All 85 isolates were positive reaction on human blood agar. The distribution of serotypes of V. vulnificus isolates were O1 to O8: 13 strains of O1, 6 strains of O2, 11 strains of O3, 9 strains of O4, 10 strains of O5, 7 strains of O6, 15 strains of O7, and 10 strains of O8, respectively. Eighty-one strains showed agglutination with O antisera, but 4 strains failed to show agglutination. In this study, the author suspected that serotypes of V. vulnificus isolates distributed also in the seaside of Korea as well as in most seaside of the world, and new serotypes were in existence in the seaside of Korea except reported up to now.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.191-198
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• 1998

Vsrio vulnificus is an estuarine gram-negative human pathogen that affects people with chronic hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus or other underlying diseases. V. vulnificus infection is mediated primarily by consumption of raw fish or by exposure of pre-existing wounds to seawater, causing permanent tissue damages or fatal septic shock. We have been developing a vaccine against V. vulnificus composed of whole cell Iysate of a V. vulnificus O-antigen serotype 4 strain. Oral administration of the V. vulnificus;oral vaccine;immunogenicity;protective efficacy vaccine elicited a high serum antibody response in rabbits. The induced antibodies were reactive not only to the homologous strain but also to heterologous O-antigen serotype strains, indicating cross-reactivities among serotypes. Western blot analysis revealed that the antibodies are mainly specific for outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and reacted equally well with OMPs purified from 9 O-antigen serotypes. The rabbit antisera showed opsonophagocytic killing activity against heterologous strains as well as the homologous strain. Passively transferred rabbit antisera into mice were protective against a lethal V. vulnificus infection. These data demonstrate that oral administration of the V. vulnificus vaccine induced a systemic antibody response which had a protective efficacy against V. vulnificus infections, suggesting that this vaccine preparation could be used to develop an oral vaccine against V. vulnificus.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.177-181
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• 2012

Actinobacillus (A.) pleuropneumoniae is the causative agent of pleuropneumonia which is one of the most important respiratory diseases in pigs worldwide. A total of 32 A. pleuropneumoniae isolates from diseased pigs during 2008 to 2010 were serotyped by polymerase chain reaction method. The susceptibility of the isolates to 13 antimicrobial agents were determined by disk diffusion test. In all the 32 isolates examined in this study, serotype 5 (16 isolates: 50%), 1 (7 isolates: 21.9%), 2 (5 isolates: 15.6%) and 12 (1 isolate: 3.1%) were found. Of all tested antimicrobial agents, resistance to oxytetracycline was found in 96.9% of isolates, followed by resistance to amikacin (81.2%), neomycin (68.7%), kanamycin (53.1%), penicillin (50.0%), gentamicin (43.7%), florfenicol (25.0%), ampicillin (18.7%), colistin (9.4%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ceftiofur (8.3%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (3.1%) and enrofloxacin (0%). Oxytetracycline or florfenicol-resistant isolates were examined for the presence of resistance gene. Among the 31 oxytetracycline-resistant isolates, tetB, tetH and tetO genes were detected in 22 (71%), 8 (26%) and 1 (3%) isolates, respectively. The floR genes were detected in 8 (100%) of the 8 florfenicol-resistant A. pleuropneumoniae isolates.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 1998

As a part of investigation for listeriosis, we attmepted iolationof Listeria spp. from commerical frozen and refrigerated foods at the supermarket level. Seven strains of Listeria spp. were isolate from 6 samples (7.15) among 84 samples of frozen foods, and ten strains of Listeria spp. were also isolated from 8 samples (7.6%)_ among 105 samples of refrigerated foods at the supermarkets in Pusan area. From a total of 189 commerical foods, the number of isolated Listeria spp. and ratio were 6 strains(3.25) of L. grayi, one strain (0.5%) of L. welshimeri, 6 strains (3.2%) of L. innocua and 4 strains (2.15) of L monocytogenes. Listeria spp. isolates except L. monocytogenes did not show $\beta$-hemolysis on blood agar and positive reaction in CAMP test with Staphyloccccus aureus. In the antibiotic susceptibility,most isolates of Listeria spp. were susceptible to 12 antibiotics such as ampicillin , cephalotin, penicillin, amikacin, gentamicin, erythromycin, kanamycin, vancomycin, tobramycin, carbenicillin , tetracycline and trimethoprim /sulfamethoxiazole. Four strains of L. monocytogenes were susceptible to ntibiotics used in this study except nitrofurantio. The serotype of 3 strains and one strain of L. monocytogenes were classified into Listeria O serotype 1 and 4, respectively.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2001

독소원성 대장균(enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, ETEC, EC81, serotype O148:H28)이 생산하는 heat labile enterotoxin(LT)를 검색해 본 결과, reversed passive latex agglutination(RPLA)법에 있어서는 2배로 희석한 용액 (50 ng)으로부터 64로 희석한 용액 (1.56 ng)에서까지 양성반응을 보였으며 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)기법에 있어서는 10 ng으로부터 1 pg희석용액에서까지 147-base pair(bp)의 LT DNA fragment가 확인되었다. Clostridium perfringens A형 (NCTC8238, Hobbs serotype 2)이 생산한는 장독소를 검색해 본 결과, RPLA법에 있어서는 2배로 희석한 용액 (50 ng)으로부터 64로 희석한 용액 (1.56 ng)에서 까지 양성반응을 보여 독소원성대장균이 생산하는 LT와 일치하였으나, PCR기법에 있어서는 10ng로부터 10 pg 희석용액에서 까지 354-bp의 DNA fragment가 확인되어 독소원성대장균이 생산하는 LT보다 1/10의 낮은 감도를 보였다. PCR기법은 RPLA법에 비하여 훨씬 신속하고 소량의 sample로 장독소를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.142-144
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• 2016

We report a case of Escherichia coli septicemia in a 6-year-old male bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Gross lesions included turbid reddish yellow ascites, fibrous adhesions of rectum and peritoneum, multifocal mucosal ulcers of rectum, and systemic petechiae. Multifocal necrosis with bacterial colonies was observed histologically in mucosal membrane of rectum and anus, and also in caudal mesenteric lymph node, inguinal lymph node, tracheobronchial lymph node, tonsil, spleen, liver, and lung. E. coli was isolated in pure culture from multiple organs including blood, spleen, mesenteric lymph node, liver, lung, and ascites. The E. coli was serotype O25. This case was diagnosed as a septicemia caused by E. coli serotype O25 associated with proctitis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.289-292
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• 2004

A trisaccharide, GlcNAcp- ${\beta}-(1{\to}3)-Galp-{\alpha}-(1{\to}2)$-6-deoxy-altroHepp- ${\alpha}-(1{\to}O$-propyl, as an O-antigenic repeating unit of C. jejuni serotype O:23 and O:36 was synthesized. Coupling of the GlcNPhth-(1${\to}$3)-Gal disaccharide donor with allyl 6-deoxy-altroHep acceptor in the presence of iodonium dicollidine perchlorate (IDCP) promoter afforded the ${\alpha}$-galactosidic trisaccharide with high stereoselectivities. Subsequent deacetalation, dephthaloylation, N-acetylation, and hydrogenolytic debenzylation furnished the title compound.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.275-285
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• 2008

Antimicrobial drugs are widely used in poultry industry as growth promoters or to control infectious diseases. However, this practice is reported to have caused high resistance to antimicrobial drugs in normal chicken flora and pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance to Escherichia coli (E. coli) from chicken has been mainly reported in normal flora, but rare in pathogenic organism in Korea, recently. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate prevalence of antimicrobials resistance, transfer of R plasmid, and association between antimicrobial drug resistance and O serotype of 203 pathogenic E. coli from poultry in Korea during the period from April 2003 to December 2005. These isolates showed a high resistance to tetracycline (Tc, 93.6%), nalidixic acid (Na, 92.6%), streptomycin (Sm, 81.8%), ampicillin (Ap, 77.3%), ciprofloxacin (Ci, 70.9%), sulfisoxazole (Su, 66.5%), and trimethoprim (Tp, 58.1%). Two hundred-one (99.0%) of the isolates were resistant to one or more drugs. They showed 57 different resistant patterns, and the most prevalent resistant pattern among them was Tc, Sin, Su, Ap, Tp, Ci, Na. Sixty-eight (33.8%) of the isolates transferred all or a part of their antimicrobial resistant pattern to the recipient strain by R plasmid. The most common antimicrobial resistant pattern was Tc, Sm, Su, Ap, Tp, Ci, Na in serotype O78, O88 and O15, respectively. These results exhibit high individual and multiple resistance to antimicrobials of pathogenic E. coli from poultry in Korea. They also suggest the needs for surveillance to monitor antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria that can be potentially transmitted to humans from food animals and to regulate the abuse of antimicrobials on food-producing animals in Korea.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.320-324
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• 2010

돼지사료에 있는 여시니아균의 효율적인 검출을 위해서 다섯 종류의 증식 방법들이 비교 연구되었다. Yersinia enterocolitica GER-C(혈청형 O:3) 가 1000CFU/g 사료 수준으로 들어 있을 때에 $4^{\circ}C$에서의 인산완충용액과 $4^{\circ}C$ 혹은 $21^{\circ}C$에서의 솔비톨과 담즙산염을 함유한 인산완충용액은 효과적이지 못했다. 하지만, irgasan-ticarcillin-potassium chlorate (ITC) 방법과 polymyxin과 novobiocin을 함유한 tryptic soy broth(TSBPN) 방법은 100-1000 CFU/g 사료 수준에서 탁월한 증식효과틀 보였다. ITC와 TSBPN 방법은 10 CFU/g 사료 수준에서도 종식 및 검출 효과가 있었다. Y. enterocolitica ATCC 9610 (혈청형 O:8)을 연구한 결과, 1000 CFU/g 사료 수준에서 TSBPN 증식방볍이 가장 효과적이었으며, 100 CFU/g 사료 수준에서도 증식 및 검출 되었지만, 10 CFU/g 사료 수준에서는 검출되지 않았다. 검출의 민감도와 상대적으로 간단한 조성방법 면에서 볼 때, TSBPN이 돼지사료에서 Y. enterocolitica를 증식, 검출하는데 있어서 가장 효과적인 방법이었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2004

A trisaccharide, the O-antigenic repeating unit of C. jejuni serotype O:23 and O:36, was synthesized as a 2 -azidoethyl glycoside by block addition of perbenzylated thiogalactoside donors to $\alpha$-altroHepp-(1$\rightarrow$3)-GlcNPhth disaccharide acceptor in presence of IDCP promoter. The $\alpha$-linked altroheptopyranoside moiety in the glycosyl acceptor was effectively prepared by Swern oxidation of $\alpha$-mannohepp-(1$\rightarrow$3)-GlcNPhth disaccharide followed by mild reduction with1 $NaCNBH_3$.