• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.161-166
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• 2000

Antifungal Activity and Identification of an Actinomycetes Strain Isolated from Mummified Peaches. Lirn, Tae Heon*, Jung Mok Lee, Tae Hyun Chang, and Byeongjin Chal. *Research Institute of Plant Nutrient, Oaeyu Co, Inc. Kyongsan 712-820, Korea, 1 Department of Agricultural Bi%g'f Chungbul< NatJ"onal Univershy, Cheongju 367-763, Korea - An actinomycetes strain which produced chitinase, urease, and antifungal substances to MoniliniaJhtcticola was isolated from peaches mununified by Moniliniafructicola. The strain TH-04 was identified as Streptomyces sp. based on cultural and lTIOIphological characteristics, cell wall diaminopimelic acid, and sugar patterns ofwhole~cell extracts. Streptomyces sp. TH~04 showed antifungal activity to several fungi including Moniliniafructicola, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Magnaponhe grisea, Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora capsici, Altemaria kikuchiana, Fusarium solani, and Fusarium O),ysporum. The optimum cultural conditions for the production of antifungal substances were $20^{\circ}C$pH 7, and 7 days.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.454-455
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• 2008

태양전지의 효율은 실리콘 자체의 특성에 의해서 결정 되거나 완성된 실리콘을 통해 태양전지를 제조하는 과정에서 웨이퍼의 두께와 도핑 농도의 조절을 통해 효율을 변화 시킬 수 있다. 높은 효율을 갖는 태양전지 설계를 위해 태양전지 시뮬레이터인 AFOS HET 프로그램을 이용하여 태양전지 웨이퍼 두께와 acceptor의 도핑 농도를 조절하였다. 최적화 결과 80nm ZnO, $300{\mu}m$ c-Si(p), 1nm a-Si(i), 1nm a-Si(n), $1{\mu}m$ Ag, acceptor의 도핑 농도 $7\times10^{16}cm^{-3}$ 에서 $V_{oc}$=697.7mV, $J_{sc}$=42.15mA/$cm^2$, $P_{max}$=0.0247W/$cm^2$, FF=83.51%, Eff=24.56%의 고효율을 얻을 수 있다. 본 연구를 통하여 태양전지 설계나 제조 시에 연구비를 절감할 수 있고 높은 효율의 태양전지로 접근할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.68-75
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• 2001

Photopolymerization, the utilization of electromagnetic radiation(or light) as the energy source for polymerization of functional monomers, oligomers is the basis of important commercial processes with broad applicability, including photoimaging and RV curing of coatings and inks. The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of environmental fraternitive photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate(MMA). This work is the first step to continue further research about alkyl methacrylate. The experiment was done in aqueous solution under the influence of photo-initiator concentration(0.05-0.25mol/l), light intensity (5000-9000 ${\mu}J/cm^2$) and monomer concentration(2-6mol/l). Methyl methacrylate was polymerized to high conversion ratio using hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) and the kinetics model we have obtained is as follows. $R_p=k_p[S]^{0.41}[M]^{0.62}[L]^{2.45} exp(53.64/RT$). The differential method of thermogravimetric analysis(Friedman method) was used to obtain value of activation energy on decomposition reaction. The average value of it res 45.4Kca1/mol.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.15-22
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• 2004

Yellow loess, Tidal plat sediment, and mud are blown to be high in adsorption though they have great distinction according to the ratio of clay minerals content and their kinds. Thus one of the samples for this study can be obtained by drying of Yellow loess, Tidal plat sediment, and the mud which is semifinished products that are from the progress of heat treatment and making homogeneity which can be found everywhere in our county. Another sample can be prepared by reducing pollutants with the adsorbent and by homing heavy metals of their on. With the samples, noxious heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, and essential trace elements such as Cu, Fe, Mn by each concentration is tested for adsorption according to pH, the kinds of adsorbents and the amount of injection. With the help of these steps, this study shows that the adsorbents, which are green, reducing the additional pollution and low in price, can be found. It also shows that the optimal condition for removing pollutants can be found and the basic materials for treating water can be offered. The results were as follows ; Yellow loess shows the rates of adsorption by more than 50% and Tidal plat sediment and Mud show it by more than 90%. Thus Tidal plat sediment and Mud are higher than Yellow loess the rates of adsorption. The pH should be treated in natural condition because the rates of adsorption of Pb, Cd, Cu, Mn excepting Fe in mud is higher in pH 7 than in pH 3 of Yellow loess, Tidal plat sediment, and Mud. The drying adsorbents are good to use because the rates of adsorption of heavy metals has tendency to be higher in the drying method than in the burning method. It is considered that the more the mont of the injection of the adsorbent is , the higher the rates of adsorption is, and one gram is reasonable for the amount of the injection of Tidal plat sediment and mud. Yellow loess is suitable for the treatment of the water that includes low concentration of heavy metals because it has the lower rate of adsorption as the concentration of noxious heavy metals is higher. It is thought that Tidal plat sediment and Mud is proper for the treatment of the water that includes high concentration of heavy metals because the rates of adsorption has not been changed as the concentration of heavy metals increases.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.301-310
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biocompatibility and the biorsorbability of several types of calcium polyphosphate made through change of manufacturing process for 12 month. To solve limitation of calcium phosphate, we developed a new ceramic, Calcium Polyphosphate(CPP), and report the biologic response to CPP in extraction sites of beagle dog. Porous CPP blocks were prepared by condensation of anhydrous $Ca(H_2PO_4)_2$ to form non-crystalline $Ca(PO_3)_2$ and then milled to produce CPP powder. CPP powder, CPP block, and CPP granules added with $Na_2O$ were implanted in extraction sockets and histologic observation were performed at 12 months later. Like 3 months results, histologic observation at 12 months revealed that CPP matrix were mingled with and directly apposed to new bone without any adverse tissue reaction, CPP powder show direct bony contact, but new bone formation and fibrous tissue encapsulation showed in CPP block. 10% $Na_2O$ CPP granules show more inflammatory cells infiltration around graft materials compared at 3 month, but 15% $Na_2O$ CPP granules show less. This result revealed that regardless of addition of $Na_2O$, CPP had a high affinity for bone and had been resorbed slowly. From this results, it was suggested that CPP is promising ceramic as a bone substitute and addition of $Na_2O$ help biodegradation but optimal concentration of $Na_2O$ and other additive component to increase degradation rate should be determined in further study.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.11
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• pp.3808-3815
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• 2021

In this paper, the EPICS2017 photoatomic database was used to evaluate the photon mass attenuation coefficients and buildup factors of soils collected at different depths in the Philippine islands. The extraction and interpolation of the library was accomplished at the recommended linear-linear scales to obtain the incoherent and total cross section and mass attenuation coefficient. The buildup factors were evaluated using the G-P fitting method in ANSI/ANS-6.4.3. An agreement was achieved between XCOM, MCNP5, and EPICS2017 for the calculated mass attenuation coefficient values. The buildup factors were reported at several penetration depths within the standard energy grid. The highest values of both buildup factor classifications were found in the energy range between 100 and 400 keV where incoherent scattering interaction probabilities are predominant, and least at the region of predominant photoionization events. The buildup factors were examined as a function of different soil silica contents. The soil samples with larger silica concentrations were found to have higher buildup factor values and hence lower shielding characteristics, while conversely, those with the least silica contents have increased shielding characteristics brought by the increased proportions of the abundant heavier oxides.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.350-359
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• 1993

The effect of gibberellic acid ($GA_3) and abscisic acid (ABA) on KCl-enhanced proteolysis of senescing leaves of rice(Oryza sativa L. cv. Chilsung) was studied. Emphasis was given to their effects on KCI-enhanced efflux of amino acids and proteinase activity. When treated singly, $GA_3 affected leaf proteolysis little, while ABA increased proteolysis, the rate of amino acid efflux, and ribulose -1,5 -bisphosphate carboxylase / oxygenase (Rubisco)-degrading endoproteinase activity. An additive increase in all three parameters mentioned above was observed when leaves were treated with ABA and KCl. No such an additive effect was found when $GA_3 was treated with KCl. Both $GA_3 and ABA helped to alleviate the KCI-suppressed activity of Rubisco-degrading exoproteinases. The additive increase in proteolysis of rice leaves in the presence of both ABA and KCl could thus be ascribed to a further increase in the efflux of protein hydrolyzates and Rubisco-degrading endoproteinase activity. An increase in proteolysis was accompanied by a decrease in water absorption, and the combined treatment of ABA with KCl resulted in a further reduction of water absorption.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.1729-1737
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• 2019

This paper presents neutronics design of VVER-1000 fuel assembly using burnable poison particles (BPPs) for controlling excess reactivity and pin-wise power distribution. The advantage of using BPPs is that the thermal conductivity of BPP-dispersed fuel pin could be improved. Numerical calculations have been conducted for optimizing the BPP parameters using the MVP code and the JENDL-3.3 data library. The results show that by using $Gd_2O_3$ particles with the diameter of $60{\mu}m$ and the packing fraction of 5%, the burnup reactivity curve and pin-wise power distribution are obtained approximately that of the reference design. To minimize power peaking factor (PPF), total BP amount has been distributed in a larger number of fuel rods. Optimization has been conducted for the number of BPP-dispersed rods, their distribution, BPP diameter and packing fraction. Two models of assembly consisting of 18 BPP-dispersed rods have been selected. The diameter of $300{\mu}m$ and the packing fraction of 3.33% were determined so that the burnup reactivity curve is approximate that of the reference one, while the PPF can be decreased from 1.167 to 1.105 and 1.113, respectively. Application of BPPs for compensating the reduction of soluble boron content to 50% and 0% is also investigated.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.207-213
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• 1990

Thirty formulations of oxyfluorfen(2-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoro-p-toyl 3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenyl ether were manufactured by adsorption and substitation. Of them 16 formulations n-ere selected because they showed rekatuvely high activity and long durability in the bioassay with (Brassica campestris V.L.) Then, the formulations selected and 4 commercial formulations were tested using Monochoria in pots. As the result, the formulations of polyer 11, elvan 7/40, coal-slag 7/40, zeolite(A), and bentonite(A) were selected because they showed almost complete inhibition of Monochoria even up the 73 days after treatment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.370-374
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• 2005

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of direct-fed microbial supplementation on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility in pigs. In experiment 1, forty eight pigs were used in a 42-d growth assay. There were four pigs per pen and three pens per treatment. Dietary treatments included 1) NC (without antibiotic basal diet), 2) PC (NC diet+0.1% antibiotic, 100 g/kg chlortetracycline), 3) DFM-1 (NC diet+0.2% Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus salivarius complex) and 4) DFM-2 (NC diet+0.2% Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus plantarum and Yeast complex). For the overall period, no treatment had significant effects in growth performance. In the nutrition digestibility, the pigs fed DFM diets were improved in DM and N digestibility compared with the pigs fed NC and PC diets but it was not significantly different. In experiment 2, sixty four crossbred pigs were used in a 98-d growth assay. There were four pigs per pen and four pens per treatment. Dietary treatments included 1) HND (high nutrient diet), 2) LND (low nutrient diet), 3) HND+DFM (HND diet+0.2% Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus plantarum complex) and 4) LND+DFM (LND diet+0.2% Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus plantarum complex). For overall period of growing phase, the pigs fed LND diets had improved gain/feed (p=0.01) and for overall period in the finishing phase, the pigs fed LND with DFM diets had higher ADG, ADFI and gain/feed than the others but there were no significant differences (p>0.13). In total period of growing-finishing phase, the pigs fed LND diet had higher gain/feed than the pigs fed HND diets (p<0.05). In growing phase, there were not significant differences among the treatments means for DM and N digestibility. However, the pigs fed diets with DFM had improved N digestibility (p<0.02) compared to the pigs fed diets without DFM in finishing phase. In conclusion, DFM slightly improved the growth performance in growing-finishing pigs.