• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.185-192
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• 2000

As the percentage of the elderly in the population increases, research to identify the nutritional and health status of the elderly, to understand the factors influencing on them, and to delay aging have been done actively. It is necessary for these studies to be longitudinal. This study was carried out to assess the change of health-related habits such as dietary behaviors and smoking, alcohol drinking and exercising habit, and health status between previous study(1991/1994) and post study(1998) for middle-aged men and women living in Chonju. For the present study, the data of 63 pairs(23 men and 40 women) were analyzed. They were 11 men and 12 women followed up from 82 men and 100 women surveyed in 1994. Mean ages in the 1991/4 and 1998 studies were 53.6y(range 42-63y) and 59.0y(range 46-72y) respectively. The survey was conducted with interview using a questionnaire including dietary behaviors and health-related habits, and anthropometric measurement and blood test for analyzing biochemical indices in 1991/4 and 1998. To understand these changes over time, $\chi$$^2$-statistics, t-test and paired t-test were analyzed with an SAS package program. As people age, there were significantly decreases in the proportions to eat lightly salted foods and drink alcohol. Significant longitudinal increases in triceps skin fold thickness, ${\gamma}$-GPT and HDL-cholesterol and significant decrease in hemoglobin value were noted over time in both men and women. In addition a significant decrease in blood glucose level was noted over time in women. Weight, blood glucose and total cholesterol increased significantly with age in those had had breakfast regularly or those had not used more slat at the table in the past. From this study, were found out the subjects of this study had relatively desirable health-related habits. But as improper health-related habits are likely to result in inappropriate health status(eg, increase in WHR, triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol), it is recommended that nutrition education in necessary as soon as possible to meet the health elderly.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.426-436
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting malnutritional status of elders with dementia in facilities. The subjects were 140 elders with dementia residing in three nursing facilities in Chungnam, South Korea. Data were collected from May 30 to September 30 in 2016, using questionnaires. The collected data were tested by t-test, ANOVA, correlation, regression analysis. The malnutritional status of elders with dementia in facilities was high in the high-risk group (84, 60.0%), and the nutritional status was appeared to be related to sex, long-term care grade, Korean version-Activities of Daily Living and feeding difficulty and cognitive function. As a result of multiple regression analysis, significant influence variables on malnutritional status were Activities of Daily Living(${\beta}=0.379$, p=.001), feeding difficulty(${\beta}=0.264$, p=.001), cognitive function(${\beta}=-0.187$, p=.014) and these variables showed an explanatory power of 35.9% on malnutritional status. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for the development of malnutritional status improvement program for elders in facilities with dementia.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.374-379
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• 2015

A 10-year-old gelding Warmblood weighing 560 kg was referred to J&C Equine Hospital with the history of hyperpnea, depression, pawing, and rolling for 7 hours. According to the results of clinical and ultrasound examination, it was considered that intestines were distended with thickened wall. The horse had been treated with lactated Ringers' solution (14 L, IV), flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg, IV), and mineral oil (1 L, PO), but he did not show any responses to those treatments. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and identified incarcerated small intestine through the epiploic foramen. The horse received resection and anastomosis of the entrapped small intestine. After surgery, the horse was treated with intensive postoperative care of fluid therapy (5 L with 20 mEq/L KCl, every 2 hours), flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg, IV, sid), antibiotics (penicillin 22,000 IU/kg, IV, qid and gentamicin 6.6 mg/kg, IV, sid), lidocaine constant rate infusion (bolus 1.3 mg/kg over 15 minutes then 0.05 mg/kg/minute), common nutritional supplements, nasogastric intubation every 2 hours and trunk bandage. Postoperative feeding program had started with small amount of hay every 4 hours and gradually increased to normal amount till 5 days. At 77 days after surgery, he showed sudden outbreak of colic and was euthanized. The causes of colic were small intestinal strangulation by passing through the mesenteric rents and postoperative adhesion between small intestines. According to the results, it is recommended to perform perioperative intensive care of horse with colic and to use several methods to prevent adhesions during abdominal surgery of horses.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.325-333
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the weight concerns of female university students living in Jeonju, as well as their control on behavior. Self-administered questionnaires were collected from 285 students. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SPSS v. 11.0 program. The results are summarized as follows: The average weight, height, and BMI of the subjects were 21.43 kg, 161.93 cm, and 19.8, respectively. With regard to body image, most were dissatisfied with their figures, especially the hips and thighs. About 42% of the students estimated their figures as 'slightly fat', while 5.4% stated 'very fat', even though their BMI classified as 'normal'. Four percent of the underweight students described themselves as being 'fatty'. Approximately 93% of the students had strongly pursued weight control, and 45.3% reported wanting to lose about $2{\sim}5$ kg. Almost 73% of the respondents had weight loss experience. The primary reason for weight control was to improve self-confidence. Only 19.6% had succeeded in losing weight, while nearly 48% had stopped dieting. To reduce weight, about two thirds of the students ate less(e.g. no snacks, no sweets). Fifty percent tried to reduce weight by more physical activity(e.g. sports). Television(50.9%), friends(48.4%), and newspapers/magazines(40.4%) were essential sources of pertinent information. In conclusion, the results show that female students in Jeonju have a great interest in weight reduction. Thus, the majority are willing to try several methods for weight reduction, which however, are not promising and not based on a lasting nutritional change. Therefore, it's necessary to increase cooperation among those concerned(e.g. dietitians, teachers, parents, media) and to develop weight-control programs that take into consideration lifestyle and daily habits, as well as combine physical activity, nutrition, and behavioral and personality training.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.288-294
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• 2006

In this study, the effects of smoking cessation and relative antioxidant activities on the oxidative stress were determined by using in vitro method. Thirty healthy smokers who were free of any disease and smoked more than 1 pack per day for the past 10 years participated in this study. For smoking cessation, smokers were asked to wear nicotine patch (21mg nicotine/ patch) everyday for 30 days and then to replace at the same time of the day. Smoking cessation program in conjunction with nicotine patch replacement was also conducted every week, one hour/each session, for 4 weeks. Canthaxanthin, $\beta-carotene$, and $\alpha-tocopherol$ were added into red blood cells at pre and post smoking cessation. As indicators of oxidative stress, hemoglobin degradation, lipid peroxidation, and percent hemolysis were determined at both pre and post smoking cessation. After 30 days of smoking cessation, the subjects gained an average of 5 pounds, varying 2 to 8 pounds, by suggesting that behavioral problems rather than nicotine itself are more important for gaining weight in ex-smokers. The total hemoglobin concentrations in blood were similar in pre and post smoking cessation, but smoking cessation resulted in a decrease in the percentage of methemoglobin from 0.96% to 0.85% Smoking cessation also caused to decease malondialdehyde (MDA) values ($26.7{\pm}7.8$ vs. $23.6{\pm}4.5$ (without oxidation), $179.3{\pm}21$ vs. $161.2{\pm}28$ nmol/ml (with oxidation) (p<0.05)), not percent hemolysis. Various antioxidants with smoking cessation significantly decreased MDA values(p<0.05), in contrast to marginal decrease of MDA in smoking cessation only. Three antioxidants used in this stu study were similarly effective in inhibiting MDA production, but relative effectiveness of canthaxanthin or $\alpha-tocopherol$ was greater than that of $\beta-carotene$ (p<0.05), in case of oxidation induced. The percent hemolysis was greatly decreased when antioxidants were added into the blood of ex-smokers (p<0.05) but no statistical significance in relative effectiveness of antioxidants was observed.

• Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.114-117
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• 2016

A research project, the "Construction of Frailty Cohort for Elderly and Intervention Study," funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, has been ongoing since December 2015. The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS) aims to identify risk factors for adverse outcomes associated with frailty in community-dwelling older adults, as well as means of prevention. KFACS is a multicenter, longitudinal study, with the baseline survey being conducted in 2016-2017. The sample (n=3,000) consists of those aged 70-84 years, stratified by age and gender, recruited from urban and rural regions nationwide. An in-person interview and health examination are performed every 2 years. This project is also conducting many intervention studies. Project interventions focus on nutrition and exercise. The nutritional intervention study compares the effects of 1.2 g/kg versus 1.5 g/kg daily protein intake on sarcopenia and frailty in older Koreans. The exercise trial examines the effectiveness of an information and communication technology-based program in preventing or reducing frailty.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.629-637
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of activity restriction and the number of remaining teeth of the elderly and to analyze the correlation. Methods: Statistical analysis of the collected data was analyzed using the SPSS window program 25.0 version (IBM) using a composite sample for the analysis of the 7th National Health and Nutrition Survey data, and a composite sample multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the effect of activity restrictions on the number of remaining teeth. Results: As a result of analyzing the effect of activity restriction on the number of remaining teeth, in the model that analyzed only activity restriction variables, the risk ratio of less than 20 remaining teeth was 1.61 times higher and the age-adjusted model, the risk ratio of less than 20 remaining teeth was 1.46 times higher (p<0.001). In the model that corrected all variables, the results were not statistically significant. Conclusions: In this study, the relationship between activity restriction and the number of remaining teeth could be confirmed, and in subsequent studies, more in-depth studies are considered to be needed using sub-variables that specifically reflect the reasons for activity restriction.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.731-742
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• 2019

Objectives: To analyze the association between sleep duration and the number of remaining teeth in people aged 65 years or older in order to provide basic data for improving sleep quality and developing oral health programs for teeth maintenance. Methods: The raw data for the analysis were obtained from the sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) dataset, conducted between 2013 and 2015. The 4,340 subjects included in the study underwent oral examinations and then proceeded to answer related questions. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS (ver 23.0) program via composite samples, with the calculations for mean, standard deviation, chi-square test, and logistic return analysis being performed. Results: An analysis of the effect of sleep duration on the number of remaining teeth among people aged >65 years old showed that if the confounding variables were not corrected for, the risk of having less than 9 hours of sleep was 1.40 times higher (95% CI: 1.06-1.86). However, this was not statistically significant in models that corrected for gender, age, and other confounding variables (p>0.05). Conclusions: The association between sleep duration among the elderly with their number of remaining teeth was confirmed. Therefore, measures to improve sleep quality and oral care practices to maintain the remaining teeth in people over 65 years old should be developed.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2019

Objectives: This study was performed to compare the dietary life of single- and non single-person households in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods: A nationally representative sample of 20,421 19-64-year-olds who had 24-hour recall data was taken from the 2014-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Single- and non single-persons were compared for nutrient intake, dietary behaviors, food consumption patterns, nutrition education and confirm nutrition label. Results: The dietary intakes of dietary fiber and iron were lower in single-person households than in non single-person households. The lower the level of education and income, the lower the nutrient intake of single-person households. In the case of those aged 19 to 29, the breakfast skipping rate was higher in single-person households than in non single-person households. The higher the education level, the higher the breakfast skipping rate and the eating out frequency in the single-person households. In the food intake survey, the frequency of healthy food intake in single-person households was much lower than that of non single-person households. The confirmation rate of nutrition labeling was lower in single-person households than in non single-person households. Conclusions: This study shows that single-person households have poorer health-nutritional behaviors than multi-person households. Therefore, a nutrition education program based on the data of this study needs to be developed for health promotion of single-person households.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.86-95
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• 2020

Objectives Meal and nutrition are important lifestyle factors that affect maintenance and promotion of health status and are also associated with chronic diseases. In Sasang constitutional medicine, dietary behavior according to the characteristics of Sasang constitution (SC) types is a key component in health management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and quality of meals according to the SC. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 1,947 subjects surveyed in a community-based cohort called the Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort study. Data were collected including demographic characteristics, Korea Sasang Constitutional Diagnostic Questionnaire, and nutrition quotient (NQ) for adults. We analyzed the differences in NQ grade and scores among three SC types: Taeeumin (TE), Soeumin (SE), and Soyangin (SY), by conducting chi-square and ANCOVA tests. Results The distribution of SC into TE, SE, and SY types was 43.1%, 25.2%, and 31.8%, respectively. The mean NQ score of all subjects was 53.4±8.6. There was a significant difference in the distribution of NQ grades and mean of NQ scores among SC types, including total and four sub-factors: balance, diversity, moderation, and dietary behavior. The TE type had the lowest score for the moderation factors in the crude model. The SE type showed lower NQ scores than the TE and SY types in all domains except moderation after adjusting for variables. Conclusions We found that dietary behaviors had to be distinct according to the SC types. These results elucidate why it is important to develop a customized dietary habit management program considering the SC types.