• 생약학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 1975

To isolate ergot strains which are capable of growing and producing alkaloids in submerged culture, strains were isolated from the sclerotia parasitizing the Graminae plants in Korea and the experiments of submerged culture of these strains yielded the following results: 1) The mycelia which were respectively isolated from the sclerotia parasitizing Agropyron semicostatum $N_{EES}$, Arundinella hirta $T_{ANAKA}$ var. ciliata $K_{OIDSUMI}$, Ischaemum anthephoroides $M_{IQ}$. var. eriostachyum $H_{ONDA}$, and Phleum pretense L. grew in Medium D by submerged culture. 2) When the strain of the ergot of Agropyron semicostatum was inoculated into six different nutrient solutions for submerged culture, its mycelium grew well in Media C, D and F, but produced alkaloids only in Medium C, indicating that Medium C is relatively suitable for the strain. 3) The extraction of the alkaloids from the culture broth by ether and T.L.C. analysis of the extract showed that it contained at least two types of alkaloids.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.225-232
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• 1987

Authors studied on the isolation of V. damsela from sea water, fish and shellfish at the Keoje Hae keumkang on the southern sea and at Hongdo island and Heucksan island on the western sea of Korea from May to September in 1986. Authors investigated for the isolated strains to bacteriological identification, hemolysis about various erythrocytes and antibiotic susceptibilities. The results obtained were as follows: 1. V. damsela was isolated 14 strains from total 383 specimens; 233 cases of sea water, 40 cases of fish and 110 cases of shellfish, respectively. Eight strains were isolated from sea water and 6 strains were isolated from shellfish. 2. The biochemical characteristics which differentiate it from other Vibrio species were indole negative, ornithine negative, Voges-Proskauer positive, arginine positive, galactose positive, glucose positive, maltose positive, mannose positive, trehalose positive, and growth in nutrient broth with 1% to 6% NaCl. 3. On hemolysis reaction on blood agar media using human, rabbit and guinea pig erythrocytes, human erythrocytes were 11 strain positive, rabbit erythrocytes were 12 strain positive and guinea pig erythrocytes were 13 strain positive. 4. Senistivity test using with chemotherapeutic agents of "BioLab" Microbial Sensitivity Test Discs were generally sensitived to amikacin, ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamycin, kanamycin, methicillin, penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and tobramycin, respectively, but were resistant to lincomycin.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.252-265
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• 2022

Kocuria salsicia can survive in extreme environments and cause infections, including catheter-related bacteremia, in humans. Here, we investigated and evaluated the characteristics of nine K. salsicia strains (KS1-KS9) isolated from cheese brine from a farmstead cheese-manufacturing plant in Korea from June to December, 2020. Staphylococcus aureus American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 29213 was used as a positive control in the growth curve analysis and biofilm-formation assays. All K. salsicia isolates showed growth at 15% salt concentration and temperatures of 15℃, 25℃, 30℃, 37℃, and 42℃. KS6 and KS8 showed growth at 5℃, suggesting that they are potential psychrotrophs. In the biofilm-formation analysis via crystal violet staining, KS6 exhibited the highest biofilm-forming ability at various temperatures and media [phosphate buffered saline, nutrient broth (NB), and NB containing 15% sodium chloride]. At 25℃ and 30℃, KS3, KS6, and KS8 showed higher biofilm-forming ability than S. aureus ATCC 29213. The antimicrobial resistance of the isolates was evaluated using the VITEK^® 2 system; most isolates were resistant to marbofloxacin and nitrofurantoin (both 9/9, 100%), followed by enrofloxacin (7/9, 77.8%). Five of the nine isolates (5/9, 55.6%) showed multidrug resistance. Our study reports the abilities of K. salsicia to grow in the presence of high salt concentrations and at relatively low temperatures, along with its multidrug resistance and tendency to form biofilms.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2018

본 연구는 부식산과 효모균(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 함유 액비(LHS)의 시비에 따른 잔디의 생육과 품질의 변화를 확인하기 위해 잔디의 가시적 품질, 엽록소 함량, 예지물량, 양분 함량 및 흡수량을 조사하였다. 처리구는 대조구(CF), LHS 1,000배 처리구(HS-1), LHS 500배 처리구(HS-2) 및 LHS 250배 처리구(HS-3)로 구분되었다. LHS 처리 후 토양 pH는 감소하여 약산성을 나타내었다. LHS 처리구와 대조구를 비교하였을 때, 가시적 품질, 엽록소 함량 및 양분 함량 등은 통계적으로 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았고, 잔디 예지물량이 증가되었고, 인 흡수량은 HS-2 처리구에서 각각 22%와 33%씩 증가하였다. 이 결과들을 종합해 볼 때, 크리핑 벤트그래스에서 부식산과 효모균 함유 액비의 시비는 500배 희석액 처리 시 인의 흡수를 촉진하고, 잔디의 지상부 생장을 증가시키는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2007

강황 에탄올 추출물은 Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 21541, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29273, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 21541, Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802 그리고 Aeromonas hydrophila KCTC 2358에 대하여 0.05-0.2% 범위에서 뚜렷한 성장억제효과를 나타내었다. 부패한 두부에서 분리한 4종의 Bacillus sp. 에 대해 강황 에탄올 추출물은 항균활성을 나타내어 Bacillus sp. KN-4와 KN-6의 성장은 0.05% 이상 첨가시 약 2 log cycle 정도 억제되었고, B. licheniformis KN-10은 0.1% 이상 첨가시, Bacillus sp. KN-20의 경우 0.05% 이상 첨가시 배양 12시간 이후부터 뚜렷한 성장 억제 효과가 나타났다. 공시균주에 대한 강황 에탄올 추출물의 최소저해농도(MIC)는 L. monocytogenes는 0.1%, P. fluorescens, S. aureus, S. typhimurium, V. parahaemolyticus, A. hydrophila는 0.3% 그리고 Bacillus sp. KN-4, KN-6, KN-20의 경우 0.2%, B. licheniformis KN-10의 경우 0.25%로 나타났다. 열처리한, 강황 에탄올 추출물의 공시균주에 대한 항균활성은 소실되지 않아 열에 안정한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.402-408
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• 2023

국내 소비자들의 식품 영양성분에 대한 관심이 계속적으로 증가하고 있지만 영양성분과 관련된 식품의 소비자 선호도 분석 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 대국민 정보 서비스인 식품영양성분 데이터베이스 플랫폼에 수집된 빅데이터의 로그분석을 수행하여 소비자들이 영양학적 측면에서 관심을 가지는 식품에 대한 선호도 결과를 제시하였다. 수집 기간은 2020년 1월부터 2022년 12월까지의 3개년으로 설정하여 총 2,243,168건의 식품명 검색어가 수집되었으며, 식품명을 병합하여 품목대표 식품명으로 가공하였다. 분석도구는 R프로그램을 이용하였으며, 영양정보를 확인하고자 하는 식품명의 검색 빈도를 전체 기간 및 계절별로 분석하였다. 전체 기간 동안 빈도수 분석 결과, 한국인이 일반적으로 자주 섭취하는 쌀밥, 닭고기, 달걀의 빈도수가 가장 높았다. 계절성에 따른 선호도 분석 결과, 봄과 여름에는 대체적으로 국물이 없고 뜨겁지 않은 음식의 빈도수가 높았으며, 가을과 겨울에는 국물이 있고 따뜻한 음식의 빈도수가 높았다. 또한, 외식업체에서 계절식품으로 판매하는 냉면, 콩국수 등과 같은 식품의 빈도수도 계절성을 가지는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 소비자들이 일반적으로 자주 섭취하는 식품의 영양정보에 관심을 가지는 패턴을 확인할 수 있었으며, 소비 트렌드와 간접적인 연관성을 가진다는 점에서 외식업계에서 계절별 마케팅 전략 수립 시 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1219-1225
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• 2010

Actinobacillus succinogenes, a representative succinicacid-producing microorganism, is seriously inhibited by ammonium ions, thereby hampering the industrial use of A. succinogenes with ammonium-ion-based materials as the pH controller. Therefore, this study isolated an ammonium-ion-tolerant mutant of A. succinogenes using a continuous-culture technique in which all the environmental factors, besides the stress (ammonium ions), were kept constant. Instead of operating the mutant-generating system as a nutrient-limited chemostat, it was used as a nutrient-unlimited system, allowing the cells to be continuously cultured at the maximum specific growth rate. The mutants were isolated on agar plates containing the acid-base indicator bromothymol blue and a high level of ammonium ions that would normally kill the parent strain by 100%. When cultured in anaerobic bottles with an ammonium ion concentration of 354 mmol/l, the mutant YZ0819 produced 40.21 g/l of succinic acid with a yield of 80.4%, whereas the parent strain NJ113 was unable to grow. When using $NH_4OH$ to buffer the culture pH in a 3.0 l stirredbioreactor, YZ0819 produced 35.15 g/l of succinic acid with a yield of 70.3%, which was 155% higher than that produced by NJ113. In addition, the morphology of YZ0819 changed in the fermentation broth, as the cells were aggregated from the beginning to the end of the fermentation. Therefore, these results indicate that YZ0819 can efficiently produce succinic acid when using $NH_4OH$ as the pH controller, and the formation of aggregates can be useful for transferring the cells from a cultivation medium for various industrial applications.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.232-238
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• 1997

단감나무 둥근 갈색무늬병을 일으키는 P. theae, SP2, SP3 및 P. longiseta의 균사 생장과 포자 형성에 미치는 여러 요인을 조사하였다. 균사 생육 및 포자 형성 적온은 $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$으로 나타났으며, $35^{\circ}C$ 및 $0{\sim}8^{\circ}C$에서는 균사 생장 및 포자 형성이 불량하거나 정지되었다. 균사 생육 및 포자 형성 최적 pH은 4.5~5.0과 6.0~6.0으로 나타났다. 모든 공시 균은 Leonian, PSA 그리고 오트밀 배지에서 양호한 균사 생육을 보였으며, 포자 형성은 오트밀과 PSA 비재에서 많은 량의 포자를 형성하였으나 대체적으로 PSA 배지에서 많은 량의 포자를 형성하는 것으로 나타났다. 질소원 typtone과 glycine, 탄소원 starch, dextrose, galactose 그리고 lactose 등에서 균사 생장이 가장 좋았다. 또한 질소원 glutamic acid, peptone과 tryptone, 탄소원으로 starch, sucrose와 galactose은 포자형성에 영향을 주었다. 비타민은 균사 생육 및 포자 형성에 거의 영향을 미치지 않았다. 배양 기간에 따른 배지의 pH 변화에서 배양전 pH 7인 배지는 배양 10일 후에는 SP2, SP3균은 각각 pH 4.5~4.7로 P. theae와 P. longiseta은 각각 5.0~5.4로 낮아졌지만, 배양전 pH가 5.0인 배지는 배양 10일 후에 모든 균이 pH 4.5~4.7로 유지되었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.901-909
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• 2003

This study was conducted to devise a scheme for the development of foods designated as Yookmee (“6 dishes), which are representative food of Daejeon area. The Yookmee consist of Seolleongtang(ox bone soup and boiled rice), Samgyetang (chicken stew stuffed with glutinous rice and ginseng), Dolsotbap (boiled rice mixed with vegetables), Goojeukmook (acorn jelly), Sootgol-naengmyeon (cold buckwheat noodles with broth) and Daecheongho minmulgogi-maeuntang (spicy hot freshwater fish soup). A questionnaire was developed and administered by means of an interview regarding the subjects' recognition of and preference for the six dishes, their usual eating places and eating frequencies, the need for some standardization of recipes and for nutrition labeling including serving sizes and nutrient content. The total number of subjects who participated in this study were 328 (male 112, female 216) living in Daejeon. The subjects who were aware of the presence of Yookmee were more in their thirties or older (15%) compared to those in their twenties (9.6%) The percentages of the subjects who recognized the Yookmee as the representative foods were twice among those in their thirties (over 60%), as compared to 31.5% in their twenties (p<0.001). Samgyetang was one of the favorite foods of all the Yookmee among those in their twenties and Goojeukmook was the favorite for all the other age groups. The incidence of those eating one of Yookmee more than once a month was 51.5% in all the age groups, but the intake frequency was lower among those in their twenties (43.8%). The percentage of those who recommended Yookmee as a food for guests was the highest among those in their fifties (54.7%). The first reason why the subjects do not recommend these foods was because they were unfamiliar with Yookmee; among those in their thirties and forties the 2nd reason was because it is not much enough in quality or quantity to be served as a food for guests. Over 60% of the subjects felt the need for standardization of Yookmee, recipes for especially those in their fifties did feel the needs (92.5%). Furthemore, regarding labeling of sowing sizes and nutrients contents, over 80% of the subjects wanted these, and this desire tended to increase with age. From these results, it seems reasonable to accept Yookmee as the representative foods of Daejeon, despite the fact that many people do not yet currently do so. Since most of the subjects (85.4%) partake Yookmee outside of their homes, it is recommended that efforts need to be expanded on enhancing the nutritional quality, the taste and the quality control of Yookmee by standardizing the recipes, labeling the serving sizes and nutrient contents, and providing educational and publicity programs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.523-530
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• 1998

Rapid and quantitative analysis of physiological change and clavulanic acid production was studied by the combination of pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PyMS) and artificial neural network (ANN) in Streptomyces clavuligerus. Firstly, the continuous culture studies were carried out to get the physiological background and PyMS samples. Clavulanic acid production was inversely related to growth rate: Mycelium growth and $q_{cal}$ were optimum at 0.1 $h^{-1}\; and \;0.025 h^{-1}$ respectively. Changes in specific nutrient uptake rates ($q_{gly}$ and $q_{amn}$) also affected clavulanic acid production since clavulanic acid production appeared to be stimulated by the limitation of carbon and nitrogen. Fermentation broth containing mycelium taken from continuous cultures was analyzed by PyMS, and the PyMS spectra were analyzed with multivariate statistics. PCCV plots revealed that samples harvested under the same culture condition were clustered together but samples from different culture conditions formed separate clusters. To deconvolute the pyrolysis mass spectra so as to obtain quantitative information on the concentration of clavulanic acid, ANN was trained on Py MS data using a radial basis function classifier. The results showed that the physiological stages with different growth rate were successfully differentiated and it was possible to monitor the clavulanic acid production precisely and rapidly.