• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.155-168
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of allergic diseases and its related factorsin Korean adolescents. The subjects were 72,435 middle and high school students. The data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$ test and multiple logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis was 9.3%, 30.6%, and 23.4%, respectively. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, asthma was associated with gender, age, economic state, obesity, stress, sleep satisfaction, secondhand smoking, drug use, other allergic diseases and physical activity. Allergic rhinitis was associated with age, economic state, residential area, type of residence, obesity, stress, sleep satisfaction, smoking experience, secondhand smoking, alcohol drinking, other allergic diseases and physical activity. Finally, atopic dermatitis was associated with gender, age, economic state, residential area, obesity, stress, other allergic diseases and physical activity. Conclusion: These results will provide database for prevention and management of allergic diseases.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.19-35
• /
• 1997

Korea will soon experience a high demand for medical rehabilitation specialists, if it tries to deliver advanced health welfare service. In order to medical rehabilitation manpower policies, this study attempts to analyse, estimate and plan a long-term supply for physiatrists, physical therapists, and occupational therapists. The study analysed both national and foreign statistical data of manpower supply for medical rehabilitation specialists. Based on the above data, the demand of and supply for each specialists were estimated for long term up to the year 2030. Based on the comparative analysis results of the future demand and supply. the author intended to develop a new supply plan for the three specialist categories. The major finding of the supply plan are as follows : First, as for the supply plan for physiatrists, the author recommends to adopt the demand estimation 1 as the most suitable. In order to prevent an oversupply of physiatrists, the supply plan 1 is recommended which annual enrollment of specialists will maintain with the quota of fixed number of 63 from the year of 1999. Second, it is estimated that there was already an oversupply of physical therapists in Korea. This oversupply is expected to continue even though there would be an increase in rehabilitation hospital beds, rehabilitation facilities for the elderly, and nursing homes, Thus, it would be desirable to cut down the number of students admitted to physical therapy schools each year. Third, there will be a high demand for occupational therapists in the near future as people become more aware of the usefulness of this therapy. Thus, it is urgent to establish a supply plan to meet the demand. Given the close relationship between physical therapy and occupational therapy, the study recommends that the universities already having the the department of physical therapy open the department of occupational therapy as well.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.429-440
• /
• 2015

This study was to investigate factors influencing the school adjustment according to gender and body mass index (BMI) of middle school students who participated in the 2nd-wave Korea Children and Youth Panel Study (KCYPS). This study used a crosssectional design with secondary analysis with KCYPS. The variables were parental interest, behavioral problem, aggression, attention problem, somatic symptom, social withdrawal, depression, and academic achievement. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regressions. School adjustment was significantly associated with academic achievement high, explaining 11.3~19.1% of the variance in boys. School adjustment was significantly associated with attention problem, explaining 14.9~42.4% of the variance in girls. Factors influencing school adjustment were significantly different according to gender and BMI. To improve the school adjustment, it is necessary to develop gender-specific school adjustment promotion programs according to BMI.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.40 no.6
• /
• pp.1437-1444
• /
• 2023

This study was conducted to verify the moderating effect of happiness in the relationship between stress and generalized anxiety in adolescents. The subjects of the study were 54,948 middle and high school students who participated in the 16th Adolescent's Health Behavior Survey conducted in 2020. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and Process Macro 4.0. The results of the study showed that stress had a significant effect on generalized anxiety of adolescent. The higher the stress, the higher the level of generalized anxiety. And it was found that happiness moderated the relationship between stress and generalized anxiety. In other words, it was confirmed that happiness has the effect of buffering the negative impact of stress on generalized anxiety. Therefore, in order to alleviate generalized anxiety in adolescents, it is recommended to prepare and implement various programs that can improve happiness.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 1982

The relationship between water and electrolyte metabolism, and dietary intake were studied in 45 healthy Buddhist nuns who were vegetarians aged 20-34, and 28 nursing students aged 20-22 who stayed at the dormitory of Kyungpook Medical School in the Fall, 1981. The Buddhist nuns obtained significantly higher carbohydrate and total caloric intakes but significantly lower protein and lipid intakes than the female students. The Buddhist nuns excreted significantly higher urine output($1,697{\pm}68\;ml/day$, p<0. 05) and lower osmolality ($616{\pm}18\;mOsm/kg\;H_2O$, p<0.05) than the students ($1,505{\pm}67\;ml/day$ and $688{\pm}36\;mOsm/kg\;H_2O$). However, both groups excreted similar amounts of urinary $Na^+$, $K^+$ and total osmolar contents. Free water clearance of the Buddhist nuns was higher(p<0.05) than that of the students but the osmolar clearance was about the same in the two groups. Daily urine output showed good correlation with Na output (r=0.76) and osmolar clearance but not with free water clearance. Both groups showed similar values of plasma concentration of creatinine, daily excretion of creatinine and clearance. Urinary excretion of urea for Buddhist nuns was 6.4 g/day, and was significantly higher than that of the students (5.1g/day).

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.100-114
• /
• 1999

This study was done to investigate the effects of rapidly-rotating shift work of two-day interval on fatigue level and the concentration of urinary 17-KS, $Na^+,\;Cl^-$. The subjects were 20 nursing college students(control group) and 15 nurses in a university hospital and the study was done from Apr. 21 to May 4th, 1999. In the test group, each 5 nurses were allocated to day shift(8 AM-4 PM), evening shift(4 PM-12 MN) and night shift(12 MN-8 AM) respectively. The fatigue level were measured 30 minutes after work start on the 2nd day of work shift. Urine specimens were collected at 8 AM, 4 PM and 12 MN on the 2nd day of work shift in the control group and 30 minutes before and after work on the 2nd day of work shift in the test group. The data were analyzed with SPSS(for Window, ver 7.5). Statistical analysis was performed by using t-test, paired t-test and ANOVA. The results were as follows. 1. The perceived fatigue level in shift work 1) The physical and mental fatigue level were significantly higher in night shift than that in day or evening shift(p<0.05). In the neuro-sensory fatigue level, night shift showed higher tendency than that in day or evening shift, but there were no significant differences between each shifts. 2) Comparison between the control group and the test group: Physical fatigue level was significantly higher in night shift than that in day or evening shift of the control group(P<.001). Mental fatigue level was significantly higher in day or night shift than that in evening shift of the control group(P<.05). In the neuro-sensory fatigue level, test group showed higher tendency than that in the control group, but there were no significant differences between two groups. 3) The total fatigue level was higher in night shift than that in day shift or evening shift(P<.05). In comparing with the control group, night shift and day shift showed higher total fatigue level than that in the control group(p<0.05). 2. The concentration of urinary 17-KS, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ In the control group, urinary 17-KS, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ showed higher level in afternoon that in morning and night. In the test group, cr in day and evening shift and $Na^+$ in evening shift showed higher level at the end of work. The 17-KS concentration at the begining and the end of work in three shift groups were lower than those in control group(p<0.05), however, $Cl^-$ concentration at the begining of work in day shift, and the end of work in day and evening shift were higher than those in control group(p<0.05). $Cl^-$ concentration at the begining and end of work in night shift were considerably higher than those in control group repectively(p<0.1, p<001). $Na^+$ concentration showed a higher tendency in three shift groups except at the begining of work in night shift, but there were no statistical difference. In comparing concentration of the 17-KS, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ among the shift groups, 17-KS concentration showed a lower tendency and $Na^+,\;Cl^-$ showed a higher tendency in night shift: The result of this study showes that biorhythm of shift work nurse was irregular. Fatigue level as the subjective index for evaluating the health problem concerning shift work was higher in night shift and proved to be in accordance with the concentration of urinary 17-KS, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ used as objective indices. Disturbation of biorhythm and work stress due to night shift seems to cause the health problem of nurses and decrease of work efficiency. It is considered that work regualtion is necessary for the rational management of the nursing administration.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.18-29
• /
• 2012

Purpose: We analyzed how clinical nurses in Korea perceive terminally ill patients' medical decision-making. Methods: The Q-methodology which analyzes the subjectivity of each item was used. We selected 34 Q-statements among those provided by each of 37 subjects and grouped them into a shape of normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data were analyzed using a QUANL PC program. Results: Four types of perception toward medical decision-making were identified. Type I focuses on patient participation, and Type II emphasizes the role of health professionals. Type III is characterized by an open-minded culture toward death, and Type IV values the role of family members. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the need for development of a multi-disciplinary curriculum medical decision-making and death for medical and nursing students.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.112 no.4
• /
• pp.544-553
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study was to reveal the thermal comfort and physiological and psychological effects of spending time in broad-leaved forests in suumer. Thirty-one university students (with an average age of 21.4 ± 2.1 years) participated in the study, and a within-subjects experimental design methodology was used. The participants moved to an experimental site (with a crown closure of 76.6%) or a control site (25.9%), sat on a chair to eliminate the impact of movement, and rested for 5 minutes with closed eyes. At this time, thermal comfort, heart rate variability, heart rate, and forehead temperature were continuously measured. After that, blood pressure and pulse rate were measured, and a subjective evaluation was conducted. As a result, spending time at an experimental site showed a statistically significant decrease in the predicted mean vote and the percentage of dissatisfied values, enhancement of parasympathetic nerve activity, decrease of forehead temperature, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, pulse rate, and improvement of personal thermal sensation (thermal sensation vote and comfort sensation vote). In conclusion, it was found that a forest with high crown closure reduces thermal stress and induces physiological and psychological relaxation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.1400-1410
• /
• 2000

Purpose : To determine whether there is a discrepancy between the medical professions perception of what patients should know and that of the patients themselves, we studied patients need to be informed about different aspects of epilepsy and compared findings with medical personnels perceptions of the issue. Methods : Our study population consisted of 39 patients with epilepsy from the inpatient epilepsy unit, and 51patients from the outpatients clinic of the S. University Hospital between July and November 1997. However, the patients who declined to participate or who were not able to understand the directions and content of the questionnaire were excluded. The medical personnel participated in this study were 56 residents or nurses who were working in either Neurology or Neuro surgery Units. The questionnaire with 5 indicating the highest need. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, students t-tests, and chi-square. Results : Of the 90 patients and 56 medical personnel studied, the need for lifestyle information such as smoking, drinking, sleep, driving, employment, and marriage was significantly higher from medical personnel than that of the patients(p=0.00). Regarding medical knowledge about epilepsy, the patients group had higher scores in the need for information on the structure of the brain (p=0.00), whereas medical personnel had higher scores on the symptoms of epilepsy. There was no correlation between the length of epilepsy and the need for information on every item on the questionnaire. The patients had higher rank regarding diet, although it was not significantly different from the medical personnel. Regarding antiepileptic drugs and what to do when there is an attack, medical personnel scored higher. The items on which the patients group scored higher than 4.5 were the possibility of inheritance, the factors that might reduce the number of attacks, the period of usage of AED, and the food they have to avoid or the food they have to take to reduce seizure attacks. Conclusions : Our study indicates that the patients group requires higher educational need in the structure of the brain, diet, and surgical treatment, but less in lifestyles and what to do when there is an attack. The educational program for the patients with epilepsy should emphasize medical knowledge with regard to brain anatomy, what to eat and what to avoid, and details of surgical treatment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.820-832
• /
• 1996

The average smoking rate for Adults' in our country is 40.6% : It is 74.2% for men and 5.0% for women. Particularly, the smoking rate for men is reported higher than that of men in U.S.A. or Japan. Since the first report on the association between smoking and cancer appeared, 370 thousand smokers have succeeded in smoking cessation and over 90% of them have responded that they depended on a self-help smoking cessation approach. Despite this positive evidence about self- help approaches for smoking cessation, most studies on smoking cessation have focused on evaluation of formal treatment programs that are provided by clinics. Reports on the smoking cessation process used by smokers in our country could not be found. However, it is believed that the situation in our country would be quite similar to that in U.S.A. as far as approaches to successful smoking cessation are concerned. This study was conducted to classify the smoking stage to which they smoker belong and which changing mechanisms could be included at each changing stage (precontemplation stage, comtemplation stage, action stage) with a sample of 155 college students between 20 and 29 years old. And it also identified which variables related both to smoking pattern and to health, which ones were significantly discriminating in the changing stages. From the results of the data analysis it was found that Self-Determination is the most influential variable as one of the changning mechanisms which can discriminate three changing stages. And as the next significant mechanisms were Reinforcement, Dramatic Relief, Cognitive Restructuring, Helping Relationship, and Information Management in that order. Among variables related to the smoking pattern, years of regular smoking, whether smoking is continued or not even when they are sick, the number of attempts to stop smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day, and whether they have smoked over 100 cigarettes up to now, but not the time of the first cigarette after waking-up, were the significant factors to descriminate changing stages. It was confirmed that among variables related to health that, perceived control for health, confidence of health maintence ability, and self confidence in smoking cessation, were significant variables in determinating changing stages. The most influential variables among them was self-confidence in smoking cessation. Conclusively, it was shown that smoking cessation is the process of attempting to change smoking habits through the various changing processes. Also it can be shown that a few factors smoking habit, self-confidence of smoking cessation, and belief in self control of his /her health, were influential in discriminating the changing stages of the smoking habit.