• Title/Summary/Keyword: North Indian

Search Result 104, Processing Time 0.036 seconds

Helicobacter pylori Infection and a P53 Codon 72 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: a Reason for an Unexplained Asian Enigma

  • Pandey, Renu;Misra, Vatsala;Misra, Sri Prakash;Dwivedi, Manisha;Misra, Alok
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.15 no.21
    • /
    • pp.9171-9176
    • /
    • 2014
  • Aim: P53, the most commonly mutated tumor suppressor gene in all types of human cancer, is involved in cell cycle arrest and control of apoptosis. Although p53 contains several polymorphic sites, the codon 72 polymorphism is by far more common. There are divergent reports but many studies suggest p53 pro/pro SNP may be associated with susceptibility to developing various cancers in different regions of the world. The present study aimed to find any correlation between H. pylori infection and progression of carcinogenesis, by studying apoptosis and the p53 gene in gastric biopsies from north Indian population. Materials and Methods: A total of 921 biopsies were collected and tested for prevalence of H. pylori by rapid urease test (RUT), imprint cytology and histology. Apoptosis was studied by the TUNEL method. Analysis of p53 gene polymorphism at codon 72 was accomplished by PCR using restriction enzyme BstU1. Observation: Out of 921 samples tested 56.7% (543) were H. pylori positive by the three techniques. The mean apoptotic index (AI) in the normal group was 2.12, while gastritis had the maximum 4.24 followed by gastric ulcer 2.28, gastropathy 2.22 and duodenal ulcer 2.08. Mean AI in cases with gastric cancer (1.72) was less than the normal group. The analysis of p53 72 SNP revealed that p53 (Arg/Arg), (Pro /Arg) variant are higher (40.59% & 33.66%) as compared to p53 pro/pro variant (25.74%) inthe healthy population. Conclusions: The North Indian population harbors Arg or Pro/Arg SNP that is capable of withstanding stress conditions; this may be the reason of low incidence of gastric disease in spite of high infection with H. pylori. There was no significant association with H. pylori infection and AI. However, there is increased apoptosis in gastritis which may occur independent of H. pylori or p53 polymorphism.

Real Time Current Prediction with Recurrent Neural Networks and Model Tree

  • Cini, S.;Deo, Makarand Chintamani
    • International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
    • /
    • v.3 no.3
    • /
    • pp.116-130
    • /
    • 2013
  • The prediction of ocean currents in real time over the warning times of a few hours or days is required in planning many operation-related activities in the ocean. Traditionally this is done through numerical models which are targeted toward producing spatially distributed information. This paper discusses a complementary method to do so when site-specific predictions are desired. It is based on the use of a recurrent type of neural network as well as the statistical tool of model tree. The measurements made at a site in Indian Ocean over a period of 4 years were used. The predictions were made over 72 time steps in advance. The models developed were found to be fairly accurate in terms of the selected error statistics. Among the two modeling techniques the model tree performed better showing the necessity of using distributed models for different sub-domains of data rather than a unique one over the entire input domain. Typically such predictions were associated with average errors of less than 2.0 cm/s. Although the prediction accuracy declined over longer intervals, it was still very satisfactory in terms of theselected error criteria. Similarly prediction of extreme values matched with that of the rest of predictions. Unlike past studies both east-west and north-south current components were predicted fairly well.

The Seasonal Forecast Characteristics of Tropical Cyclones from the KMA's Global Seasonal Forecasting System (GloSea6-GC3.2) (기상청 기후예측시스템(GloSea6-GC3.2)의 열대저기압 계절 예측 특성)

  • Sang-Min Lee;Yu-Kyung Hyun;Beomcheol Shin;Heesook Ji;Johan Lee;Seung-On Hwang;Kyung-On Boo
    • Atmosphere
    • /
    • v.34 no.2
    • /
    • pp.97-106
    • /
    • 2024
  • The seasonal forecast skill of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the Northern Hemisphere from the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) Global Seasonal Forecast System version 6 (GloSea6) hindcast has been verified for the period 1993 to 2016. The operational climate prediction system at KMA was upgraded from GloSea5 to GloSea6 in 2022, therefore further validation was warranted for the seasonal predictability and variability of this new system for TC forecasts. In this study, we examine the frequency, track density, duration, and strength of TCs in the North Indian Ocean, the western North Pacific, the eastern North Pacific, and the North Atlantic against the best track data. This methodology follows a previous study covering the period 1996 to 2009 published in 2020. GloSea6 indicates a higher frequency of TC generation compared to observations in the western North Pacific and the eastern North Pacific, suggesting the possibility of more TC generation than GloSea5. Additionally, GloSea6 exhibits better interannual variability of TC frequency, which shows relatively good correlation with observations in the North Atlantic and the western North Pacific. Regarding TC intensity, GloSea6 still underestimates the minimum surface pressures and maximum wind speeds from TCs, as is common among most climate models due to lower horizontal resolutions. However, GloSea6 is likely capable of simulating slightly stronger TCs than GloSea5, partly attributed to more frequent 6-hourly outputs compared to the previous daily outputs.

The Transport of Radionuclides Released From Nuclear Facilities and Nuclear Wastes in the Marine Environment at Oceanic Scales

  • Perianez, Raul
    • Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
    • /
    • v.20 no.3
    • /
    • pp.321-338
    • /
    • 2022
  • The transport of radionuclides at oceanic scales can be assessed using a Lagrangian model. In this review an application of such a model to the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans is described. The transport model, which is fed with water currents provided by global ocean circulation models, includes advection by three-dimensional currents, turbulent mixing, radioactive decay and adsorption/release of radionuclides between water and bed sediments. Adsorption/release processes are described by means of a dynamic model based upon kinetic transfer coefficients. A stochastic method is used to solve turbulent mixing, decay and water/sediment interactions. The main results of these oceanic radionuclide transport studies are summarized in this paper. Particularly, the potential leakage of 137Cs from dumped nuclear wastes in the north Atlantic region was studied. Furthermore, hypothetical accidents, similar in magnitude to the Fukushima accident, were simulated for nuclear power plants located around the Indian Ocean coastlines. Finally, the transport of radionuclides resulting from the release of stored water, which was used to cool reactors after the Fukushima accident, was analyzed in the Pacific Ocean.

The C609T (Pro187Ser) Null Polymorphism of the NQO1 Gene Contributes Significantly to Breast Cancer Susceptibility in North Indian Populations: a Case Control Study

  • Yadav, Prasant;Mir, Rashid;Nandi, Kajal;Javid, Jamsheed;Masroor, Mirza;Ahmad, Imtiyaz;Zuberi, Mariyam;Kaza, RCM;Jain, SK;Khurana, Nita;Ray, Prakash Chandra;Saxena, Alpana
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.17 no.3
    • /
    • pp.1215-1219
    • /
    • 2016
  • Background: Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and is a leading cause of cancer death. In the present study, we investigated the NQO1 C609T genotypic and allelic distribution in north Indian breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: The genotypic distribution of the NQ01 C609T polymorphism was assessed in 100 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) breast cancer patients and 100 healthy controls using allele specific PCR (AS-PCR). Results: A lower frequency of the CC genotype was found in breast cancer patients (24%) than in the controls. On the other hand, TT genotype frequency was also found to be higher in female healthy controls (32%) than the female breast cancer patients (20%). The frequencies of all three genotypes CC, CT, TT in patients were 24%, 56% and 20% and in healthy controls 50%, 22% and 32% respectively. We did not find any significant correlation between the NQO1 C609T polymorphism and age group, grading, menopausal status and distant metastasis. A less significant association was found between the NQ01 C609T polymorphism and the stage of breast cancer (X2=5.931, P=0.05). Conclusions: The present study shows a strong association between NQO1 C609T polymorphism with the breast cancer risk in the north Indian breast cancer patients so that possible use as a risk factor should be further expel.

Descriptive Report on Pattern of Variation in Cancer Cases within Selected Ethnic Groups in Kamrup Urban District of Assam, 2009-2011

  • Sharma, Jagannath Dev;Kalita, Manoj;Barbhuiya, Jamil Ahmed;Lahon, Ranjan;Sharma, Arpita;Barman, Debanjana;Kataki, Amal Chandra;Roy, Barsha Deka
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.15 no.15
    • /
    • pp.6381-6386
    • /
    • 2014
  • Background: The global burden of cancer is continuously increasing. According to recent report of the National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP) on time trends it is estimated that future burden of cancer cases for India in 2020 will be 1,320,928. It is well known that knowledge of the incidence of cancer is a fundamental requirement of rational planning and monitoring of cancer control programs. It would help health planners to formulate public health policy if relevant ethnic groups were considered. North East-India alone contains over 160 Scheduled Tribes and 400 other sub-tribal communities and groups, whose cancer incidence rates are high compared to mainland India. As since no previous study was done focusing on ethnicity, the present investigation was performed. Materials and Methods: In this paper PBCR-Guwahati data on all cancer registrations from January 2009 to December 2011 for residents of the Kamrup Urban District, comprising an area of 261.8 sq. km with a total population of 900,518, including individual records with information on sex, age, ethnicity and cancer site are provided. Descriptive statistics including age adjusted rates (AARs) were taken as provided by NCRP. For comparison of proportional incidence ratios (PIR) the Student's t test was used, with p<0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results and Conclusions: Differences in leading sites of Kamrup Urban District since from the beginning of the PBCR-Guwahati were revealed among different ethnic groups by this study. The results should help policy makers to formulate different strategies to control the level of burden as well as for treatment planning. This study also suggests that age is an important factor of cancer among different ethnic populations as well as for overall population of Kamrup District of Assam.

Current Status of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) and Screening for Cervical Cancer in Countries at Different Levels of Development

  • Raychaudhuri, Sreejata;Mandal, Sukanta
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.13 no.9
    • /
    • pp.4221-4227
    • /
    • 2012
  • Cancer of the uterine cervix is a worldwide menace taking innumerable womens' lives. The literature is vast and a large number of studies have been conducted in this field. Analyses have shown significant differences exist in terms of screening and HPV testing facilities among high income and low to middle income countries. In addition, acute lack of awareness and knowledge among the concerned population is particularly noted in rural areas of the low income countries. A detailed review of Indian case studies revealed that early age of marriage and childbirth, multiparity, poor personal hygiene and low socio-economic status among others are the principal risk factors for this disease. This review concludes that a two pronged strategy involving strong government and NGO action is necessary to minimize the occurrence of cervical cancer especially in low and medium income countries.

A Study on Ethnic look Expressed in Modern Fashion (현대 패션에 나타난 민속풍(Ethnic look)에 관한 연구)

  • 정연자
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
    • /
    • v.31 no.4
    • /
    • pp.215-229
    • /
    • 1993
  • As a result of making an inquiry into the ethnic look of each region appearing in present-day fashion by Asia. America and Oceania. Africa and Europe as mentioned above, its characteristics could be summarized as follows: Firstly the Asian ethnic look consists of Indian, Chinese and Japanese looks as mainstream. In terms of form, the draped form constituted its mainstream, and both the draped form and the tunic form are appearing Simultaneously in the Chinese look. And in respect to color the Indian look is using luxurious primary colors red, blue, yellow and green and other regions are making overall use of natural colors. With respect to ornament various kinds of ornaments is utilized in Indian's Sari and turban. Chines's Coolie hat, straw hat and embroidery, knotted button, and bead ornament, and Japan's Obi and Obijime, etc. Secondly in America and Oceania, costurme representing the Indian look in North America and the picture of Western pioneer, and the Peruvian, Mexican and chilean ethnic looks in South America were expressing much. Here, the form consistied a draped form as its main strem, such colors as yellow, purple, grey, etc were much utilized, and the material of costume comprised knits, cotton and the like. And the ornament consisted of hats, tassel ornaments, bead ornaments, metal chain belt, long braided hair, etc. Thirdly, the African ethnic look had an exposing form and a draped form, and such colors as black, white, yellow, brown, etc were used as the fashion color. Ornaments such as precious stone, bead ornaments, animal bones, straw metal ornament, etc were used as fashion decorations. Fourthly, Russia's Cossack look, Bulgaria's Bavshika look, spain's ethnic look cane to the fore as the European look Both the draped form and the tunic form were used simultaneously as fashion form. And grey, brown, purple, etc were much used as fashion color in the European look. Such ornaments as Cossack. Bavshka, boots, tassel ornaments were much used and paisley pattern also was used.

  • PDF

Gender Wage Gap in Rural Labour Markets: An Empirical Study of North East India

  • SINGH, Salam Prakash;NINGTHOUJAM, Yaiphaba
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
    • /
    • v.9 no.6
    • /
    • pp.151-158
    • /
    • 2022
  • Even after three decades of economic reforms, India's labor market is characterized by stark inter-gender differences in terms of both participation rate and working time. Identification of the causes is necessary to remove the disparity and unequal sharing of economic opportunities to make way for women's empowerment. This research attempts in that direction, examining the prevalence of these inequities in rural areas of North-East Indian states using unit-level data from the 2017-18 Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS). The methodology for the estimation here is based on Blinder- Oaxaca decomposition method after correcting for sample bias forwarded by Heckman. The analysis shows that in both labor force participation and the wage gap, the females in the region lag behind their male counterparts by a huge margin. Further, the analysis shows that one of the main factors leading to the difference is the disparities in human capital assets. On top of female educational enrollment being low, there is also a huge lack of higher educational attainment, while males have accomplished much better in both the parameters. Moreover, the presence of social stigma against women working and discrimination put the female labor outcomes in a gloomy state.

The Impact of Interaction between Cloud and Longwave Radiation on the Asian Monsoon Circulation (구름-장파복사 상호작용이 아시아 몬순에 미치는 영향)

  • Ryu, Geun-Hyeok;Sohn, Byung-Ju
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
    • /
    • v.30 no.1
    • /
    • pp.58-68
    • /
    • 2009
  • Three-dimensional distributions of longwave radiation flux for the April-September 1998 period are generated from radiative transfer calculations using the GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment (GAME) reanalysis temperature and humidity profiles and International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) cloudiness as inputs to understand the effect of cloud radiative forcing in the monsoon season. By subtracting the heating of the clear atmosphere from the cloudy radiative heating, cloud-induced atmospheric radiative heating has been obtained. Emphasis is placed on the impact of horizontal gradients of the cloud-generated radiative heating on the Asian monsoon. Cloud-induced heating exhibits its maximum heating areas within the Indian Ocean and minimum heating over the Tibetan Plateau, which establishes the north-south oriented differential heating gradient. Considering that the differential heating is a ultimate source generating the atmospheric circulation, the cloud-induced heating gradient established between the Indian Ocean and the Plateau can enhance the strength of the north-south Hadley-type monsoon circulation. Cooling at cloud top and warming at cloud bottom, which are the vertical distributions of cloud-induced heating, can exert on the monsoon circulation by altering the atmospheric stability.