• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.299-312
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• 1993

Anthropometry, computed tomography(CT) at the umbilical level, nutrient intake, blood pressure, serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins and response of glucose, c-peptide, insulin, and free fatty acid(FFA) during oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) were estimated on 11 normal-weight controls and 35 overweight and obese middle-agd men. The areas of total abdominal, subcutaneous and visceral were determined by CT scanning technique. Total abdominal fat area correlated the most significantly with the levels of serum lipids, lipoproteins and insulin among several obese indices. Compared with normal-weight controls, overweight and obese men with abdominal fat lower than 29000$\textrm{mm}^2$ showed an increase in waist-hip ratio, areas of total abdominal(35%), visceral and subcutaneous fat and C-peptide response area during OGTT, though age, percent ideal body weight, body mass index, % body fat, and all biochemical indices except C-peptide response area were not different between two groups. Overweight and obese men with abdominal fat greater than 29000$\textrm{mm}^2$ showed a higher values in total abdominal fat(85%), serum levels of triglyceride, total-and LDL-cholesterol, the ratio of LDL-to HDL-cholesterol, and response areas of FFA, insulin and C-peptide during OGTT than normal-weight controls. Overweight and obese men with great abdominal fat showed an increase in alcohol ingestion and percent calorie intake per total energy expenditure, compared with normal-weight controls. Our results indicate that obesity and a certain level of total abdominal fat accumulation is required to observe abnormal levels of serum lipids, lipoproteins and insulin in Korean middle-aged men. In addition, increased alcohol and calorie intake and decreased physical activity could partly explain total abdominal fat accumulation in men.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.41-44
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• 1980

To evaluate the change of serum myoglobin in the thyroid disease, we measured serum myoglobin by radioimmunoassay in 24 normal subjects, 34 patients with hyperthyroidism (20 untreated, 14 treated) and 5 patients with hypothyroidism. The mean values of serum myoglobin in 24 normal control, 20 untreated hyperthyroidism, and 14 treated hyperthyroidism were $50.9{\pm}17.0ng/ml,\;39.1{\pm}20.3ng/ml\;and\;51.0{\pm}18.3ng/ml$ respectively. The serum myoglobin level of untreated hyperthyroidism seemed to be lower than that of normal control without statistical significance. The serum myoglobin levels in 5 patients with hypothyroidism ranged 28-156 ng/ml, and 3 patients showed increased serum myoglobin level. We observed one case with severe degree of thyrotoxic myopathy whose serum myoglobin level was markedly elevated initially and was decreased to normal range after treatment. This results suggests that the determination of serum myoglobin might be useful in the evaluation of thyrotoxic myopathy.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.267-275
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• 2012

In this study, normal wind load and blast wind load are modeled mathematical. And the periodical torque and bending moments transmitted to the main shaft of wind turbine are investigated. A normal wind model assumed, of which the wind velocity is increased according to the height from ground. The average values and the harmonic terms of the transmitted moments are studied on the wind direction of range $-45^{\circ}{\sim}45^{\circ}$ and the bending moment characteristics are examined, which is regarded as the main source of the misalignment of gear train. In normal wind load case, excitation frequency is 3X (X : Rotor speed). When the wind direction is $+22.5^{\circ}$, the horizontal axis of bending moment occur the 50% of main torque. This result leads to edge contact of gear teeth by shaft elastic deformation. In blast wind load case, excitation frequency are 3X,6X,9X. Additional, in the (+) direction of wind load, relative harmonic percentage is increase.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.321-340
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• 2016

The Compressive Video Sensing (CVS) is a useful technology for wireless systems requiring simple encoders but handling more complex decoders, and its rate-distortion performance is highly affected by the quantization of measurements and reconstruction of video frame, which motivates us to presents the Space-Time Quantization (ST-Q) and Motion-Aligned Reconstruction (MA-R) in this paper to both improve the performance of CVS system. The ST-Q removes the space-time redundancy in the measurement vector to reduce the amount of bits required to encode the video frame, and it also guarantees a low quantization error due to the fact that the high frequency of small values close to zero in the predictive residuals limits the intensity of quantizing noise. The MA-R constructs the Multi-Hypothesis (MH) matrix by selecting the temporal neighbors along the motion trajectory of current to-be-reconstructed block to improve the accuracy of prediction, and besides it reduces the computational complexity of motion estimation by the extraction of static area and 3-D Recursive Search (3DRS). Extensive experiments validate that the significant improvements is achieved by ST-Q in the rate-distortion as compared with the existing quantization methods, and the MA-R improves both the objective and the subjective quality of the reconstructed video frame. Combined with ST-Q and MA-R, the CVS system obtains a significant rate-distortion performance gain when compared with the existing CS-based video codecs.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.609-614
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• 2010

This paper describes statistical parameter estimation to calculate collision probabilities between Mokpo Harbor Bridge and passing vessels. At first, we obtained AIS (Automatic Identification System) information from passing vessels, then after, analyzed the lateral distributions of vessel tracks and estimated the mean and the standard deviation for the distance away from bridge center, the passing course and the passing speed. The analysis results of track distribution for the distance away and the passing course are shown as normal type, otherwise the speed distribution shown as two kinds of different normal type. In addition, we testified that the usefulness of estimated parameter values through the relative comparison between the track distributions and it's normal probability distributions.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2001

Purpose : The lateral cephalometric Korean norms of the skeletal and pharyngeal dimension were analyzed for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS). Materials and Methods : The lateral cephalometric radiographies were taken in male(n=53) and female(n=50), who had a normal profile, class I occlusion, normal ANB $(0{\sim}4^{\circ})$ and normal Wits $Appraisal(-4{\sim}0mm)$. The X-rays were traced by two oral and maxillofacial surgeons twice. The significant differences between male-female and examiners were tested. Results : The angle of mandibular line to Nasion-Sella line was $31.12^{\circ}/33.79^{\circ}$ (in male/in female, p=0.0018). The lower Gonion angle was $73.74^{\circ}/73.74^{\circ}(p=0.9978)$. The length of the soft palate was 36.93mm/34.35mm(p=0.0002). The pharyngeal airway space was 13.42mm/11.55mm at mandibular plane level(PAS(ML))(p=0.0025). The hyoid was placed inferiorly to mandibular plane 10.18mm/7.72mm(p=0.0051). The results from this study are to be used for the diagnosis of OSAS.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2016

Control chart is representative tools of statistical process control (SPC). It is a graph that plotting the characteristic values from the process. It has two steps (or Phase). First step is a procedure for finding a process parameters. It is called Phase I. This step is to find the process parameters by using data obtained from in-controlled process. It is a step that the standard value was not determined. Another step is monitoring process by already known process parameters from Phase I. It is called Phase II. These control chart is the process quality characteristic value for management, which is plotted dot whether the existence within the control limit or not. But, this is not given information about the economic loss that occurs when a product characteristic value does not match the target value. In order to meet the customer needs, company not only consider stability of the process variation but also produce the product that is meet the target value. Taguchi's quadratic loss function is include information about economic loss that occurred by the mismatch the target value. However, Taguchi's quadratic loss function is very simple quadratic curve. It is difficult to realistically reflect the increased amount of loss that due to a deviation from the target value. Also, it can be well explained by only on condition that the normal process. Spiring proposed an alternative loss function that called reflected normal loss function (RNLF). In this paper, we design a new control chart for overcome these disadvantage by using the Spiring's RNLF. And we demonstrate effectiveness of new control chart by comparing its average run length (ARL) with ${\bar{x}}-R$ control chart and expected loss control chart (ELCC).

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.621-628
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate changes of gastric vagal nerve activity and pyloric valve function after execution of combination treatments of both electroacupuncture at Zusanli(ST36) and manual acupuncture at other acupoints in patient with functional dyspepsia. Methods : Bowel sounds of 49 patients (18 male, 31 female) were recorded and their % of bowel sound (%BS) and ratio of dominant frequency (DF) were analyzed. Postprandial %BS was used to indicate the gastric vagal activity after eating. Ratio of postprandial/fasting dominant frequency was used to present the degree of pyloric valve function. According to values of %BS and DF ratio, each patient was classified into normal or abnormal (<6 %BS, hypoactivity: <1 DF ratio, dysfunction) group. For 2 weeks, patients received a treatment consisting of both electroacupuncture stimulation at Zusanli (ST36) and acupuncture at other meridian points. Variation of parameters shifting normal to abnormal or abnormal to normal was observed, and total cure rate was calculated. Results : Total cure rate of %BS was 16%, and that of DF was 37%. Patients who improved to normal value from abnormal or aggravated to abnormal level showed both significant difference in both vagal nerve hypoactivity and pyloric valve dysfunction, respectively. Conclusions : Analysis of bowel sound might be useful to evaluate both gastric vagal nerve activity and pyloric valve function. Combination effects of Zusanli (ST36) electroacupuncture and manual acupuncture of other acupoints showed a bidirectional effect in which their activity and function were in general improved. sometimes from aggravated to abnormal level.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1969

The conventional triolen absorption test has its defect in that the stool collection was cumbersome, time and energy-wasting. In the present study, the triolen absorption test was carried out using double tracer technique with $^{125}I-triolen\;and\;^{51}Cr_2O_3$ to determine if it can overcome the defect of the conventional method also with satisfactory results. Following were the results: 1. The clinical significance of this double tracer method was essentially the same with that previously done by radioactive. triolen alone. With the fractional fecal samples, the equation, y=0.626x+2.010 was substantiated, hence, this method appears to be clinically valuable if the appropriate correction is applied. With the mixed fecal samples, the equation y=0.642x+1.468 was substantiated (p<0.005) which appears to be also clinically valuable. When these two data were compared, the equation y=0.975x+0.090 (P<0.05) was substantiated, hence, $x{\fallingdotseq}y$. 2. The normal ranges of the fecal triolen excretion rate in this double tracer method were $3.46{\pm}1.69%$, namely, less than 6.9%. 3. The samplings were done from the first to third defecation in cases of clinically normal, and from the first to second defecation in cases of diarrhea or malabsorption. 4. The intestinal malabsorption of triolen was not observed in whom the triolen absorption was supposed to be clinically normal, however. a good number of suspicious malabsorptive cases showed the normal values.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.17-23
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• 1969

Oxygen consumption rate $(QO_2)$ and protein content of liver and kidney of the Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mouse were measured from 6th till 14th day after the inoculation of $4{\times}10^6$ Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. The results thus obtained were compared with those of the groups in which; 1) Whole body x-irradiation with 400 r was done to mouse prior to the inoculation of $4{\times}10^6$ Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, 2) Same number of the irradiated tumor cells were inoculated after subjecting the tumor cells to x-irradiation with 400 r or 900 r in vitro, and 3) the normal, and the following results were obtained; 1. $QO_2$ of the liver and kidney of the tumor-bearing mouse were all lower than the normal and a gradual decrease of $QO_2$ in both liver and kidney was noted as the ascites tumor was progressively developing. 2. In the groups where whole body x-irradiation with 400 r was done, or x-irradiation of ascites tumor cells in vitro with either 400 r or 900 r, $QO_2$ of the liver and kidney were lower than the normal, and the pattern of the decrease was similar in the case of the tumor-bearing mouse. 3. Protein contents in all the groups showed lower values than the normal, and the decrease was gradual as the ascites tumor was developing. 4. $QO_2$ and protein levels in the liver were generally lower than those in the kidney. 5. A certain cancerous metabolism was, therefore, noted in the remote organs of Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing animal.