• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.243-249
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• 1993

Although plenty of experiments for production of genetically identical twins have been reported, most of these reports were focused on microsurgical bisection of morula stage embryos, and little research has been performed for the production with frozen emb교os. The objective of these experiments were to assess the in vitro and in vitro developmental potential of blastomeres isolated from frozen-thawed 4-cell and 8-cell mouse embryos and to produce the identical multiplets from those embryos. The percentages of isolated 1/4, 2/4, 4/4, (control), 1/8, 2/8, 3/8, 4/8 and 8/8(control) blastomeres of 4-cell and 8-cell mouse emb교os which developed to normal blastocyst were 38.7%, 73.6%, 96.2(control), 15.1%, 40.1%, 65.9%, 88.3%, and 98.5%(control), respectively. The percentages of isolated 1/4, 2/4, 4/4(control), 1/8, 2/8, 3/8, 4/8 and 8/8(control) blastomeres of frozen-thawed 4-cell and 8-cell mouse embryos which developed to normal blastocyst were 35.6%, 68.5%, 100.0%(control), 16.1%, 50.6%, 71.7%, 90.9% and 100.0%(control), respectively. Normal 26 pups were obtained by transfer of 240 blastocyts developed 1, on 1/4 to 8/8 blastomeres. Those 26 pups obtained, 4 identical twins were produced from 2/4, 2/8, 3/8 and 4/8 blastomeres.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1281-1291
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• 2005

Chungpae-tang is suggested to have the antitumor activity on lung cancer. This study was peformed to investigate apoptotic effect in vitro and antitumor effect and immune response after injection of B16-F10 melanoma cells and Chungpae-tang into a tail vein of C57BL/6 mice and administratition of Chungpae-tang in A549 human lung cancer cell line in vivo, respectively. Experimental studies were obtained by measuring the median survival time and cytokine expression through RT-PCR, and ELISA assay. The results were summarized as follows: 5 mg/ml of Chungpae-tang causing DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 enzyme activation, PARP fragmentation, and cytochrome c release, suggested that Chungpae-tang has in vitro apoptotic effect in A549 human lung cancer cell line in the apoptosis-induced experiment. The median survival time of the Chungpae-tang treated group was 21 days and that of control group was 22 days, suggesting that the median survival time between the Chungpae-tang treated group and the control group was not significant. Cytokine expression between the Chungpae-fang treated group and the control group was noticeable, but was not significant in the RT-PCR. In the ELISA assay, IL-2 productivity in the Chungpae-tang treated group was to increase more than that in the normal group (p<0.05) and was no significant between the Chungpae-tang treated group and the control group. $INF-\gamma$ productivity of the control group decreased more than that of the normal group (p<0.05) and that of the Chungpae-tang-treated group increased more than that of the control group (p<0.05). IL-12 productivity of the control group increased more than that of the normal group (p<0.05) and that of the Chungpae-tang-treated group decreased more than that of the control group (p<0.05) and the normal group. IL-4 productivity of the Chungpae-tang-treated group increased more than that of the normal group and the control group (p<0.05). IL-10 productivity of the Chungpae-tang-treated group increased more than that of the normal group and the control group (p<0.05). Accordingly the results show Chungpae-tang could induce apoptosis in A549 human lung cancer cell line and bring to antitumor effect and immune response against injection of B16-F10 melanoma cells into a tail vein of C57BL/6 mice but it needs more research on the precise mechanism of such effects.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was to investigate how body-shape perception could influence to weight control practice both in normal and obese group. Methods: We used 2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to analysis 1) weight control practices of population; 2) consistency between body-shape perception and body mass index; 3) comparison weight control practices between normal group and body mass index (BMI) obese group in perceptional obese group; 4) odds ratio of BMI obese group using herbal drugs for weight control practice in perceptional obese group. Results: We found that study population tends to choose exercise, dietary restriction, meal skip, health functional food, one-food, drug, herbal drug, fasting and self-medication in order of frequency to control weight. The agreement between body-shape perception and BMI within obese group was approximately 64% with 0.40 of Cohen's Kappa coefficient, ranging from 0.384 to 0.423. Within perceptional obese group, choosing each weight control practice methods ratios between normal BMI group and obese BMI group were not significantly different. Within perceptional obese group, obese BMI group showed significant odds ratio (2.58, 95% confidence intervals, 1.38~4.85) than normal BMI group in choosing herbal medication for weight loss when adjusting other variables. Conclusions: We concluded that body-shape perception might be an important factor for choosing weight control program, and roles of Korean medical doctors thought to be enhanced for using herbal medication for weight loss.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.222-227
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• 1992

Unlike carbohydrats and fats, alcohol is essentially foreign to the body and it is known that the body get rid of it by oxidizing alcohol maily in the liver. Acetaldehyde is produced during ethanol metabolism and is known to be oxidized mainly by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). ALDH activity was found mainly in the mitochondrial fraction but a significant ALDH activity was also present in microsomal and cytosol fraction. Wistar rats (150~200 g, male) were given freely with 12% ethanol (Control) and/or 12% ethanol containing 0.1% ginseng saponins (Test) instead of water for 6 days and the liver was analyzed. ALDH activities of both control and test group were lower than that of normal group but test AkDH was less inhibited than control. ADH activies of both control and test were slightly higher than that of normal group but our previous data showed that it became gradually steady after prolonged ethanol feeding. MEOS activities of both control and test group were much higher than that of normal group. MEOS enzymes are inducible but the activity of test group was greatly higher than that of control. Ethanol containing [1-i4C] ethanol (5 $\mu$Ci) was injected to the above three groups and 30 min later, the distribution of radioactivity of hepatic lipids was investigated. Radioactivities of hepatic lipids of both control and test group were higher than that of normal group, however, that of test group was much lower than that of control. Analysis of individual lipids showed that phospholipid biosynthesis was significantly impaired and fatty acid and triglycerides biosynthesis were greatly stimulated. However, it was realized that the saponin prevented phospholipid biosynthesis depression and the increase of triglyceride biosynthesis considerably. It seemed that the saponin might stimulate ADH, ALDH and MEOS and the acetaldehyde formed would be removed faster. The excess hydrogen can be shunt more quickly into lipid biosynthesis. Electron microscopic observation showed that the hepatic cell of control group was si gnificantly damaged. Mitochondria were swollen and rough endoplasmic reticulum were dilated, however, hepatocytes of test group were not damaged.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.331-332
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• 2009

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.87-97
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• 2004

Objectives : To identify the effect of Taeyeumjowee-tang on the treatment of obesity Methods : After having been fed a high-fat diet for 6 weeks, obese white rats were classified into three groups. Control group 1 was fed a high-fat diet for 2 more weeks. Control group 2 was fed a normal diet for 2 weeks. The Sample group was fed Taeyeumjowee-tang extract with a normal diet for 2 weeks. The result of the comparison among the three groups was as follows. Results : The Sample group decreased significantly as compared with the Control 1 and 2 groups in changes of the body weight, fat cell size, fat accumulation, insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, total lipid, free fatty acid and UCP1. Conclusions : Taeyeumjowee-tang has significant effect on the treatment of obesity resulting from a high-fat diet. Especially, it was a sure remedy for Control group 2 that was fed normal1y after having a high-fat diet.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.169-185
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• 2002

Objectives: This study was carried out to investigate 1he effects of Sasammaickmoondong-tang(SME) on colonic mucosal lesions induced by indomethacin in mouse. Methods: The normal group is 1hat no inflammation elicitated mouse. Control group is that gastro-inflammation elicitated mouse. Sample group is that SME administered mouse after gastro-inflammation elicitation. Results: In the common morphology and histochemical change, control group was observed various injury-mucous surface cell, micro-villi, paneth cell, surface epithelial cell, goblet cell-by hemorrhagic erosion, while sample group was as same as normal group. In the immunohistochemical change, 1he distributions of COX-1, Bcl-2, and BrdU treated with SME noticeably increased than control group(P<0.05). The distributions of TUNEL, $NF-{\kappa}B$, COX-2, $IL-2R-\alpha$, NK-1.1, ICAM-1, and CD11b/18 treated with SME noticeably decreased than control group(P<0.05). And the distribution of SBA was as same as normal group. Conclusions: According to the above results, it is supposed that Sasammaickmoondong-tang is applicable to colonic mucosal lesions.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.121-137
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• 2003

Objectives: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Sasammaickmoondong-tang (SME) on gastric mucosal lesions induced by indomethacin in mice. Methods: The normal group was no inflammation-induced mice. The control group was gastro-inflammation-induced mice. The sample group was mice administered SME after gastro-inflammation elicitation. Results: In the common morphology and histochemical change, the control group was observed with various injury-mucous surface cell, micro-villi, paneth cell, surface epithelial cell, goblet cell - by hemorrhagic erosion, while the sample group was as same as the normal group. In the immunohistochemical change, the distributions of COX-1, Bcl-2, and BrdU treated with SME were noticeably higher than in the control group (p<0.05). The distributions of TUNEL, NF-B, COX-2, IL-2R-, NK-1.1, ICAM-1, and CD11b/18 in those treated with SME were noticeably lower than in the control group (p<0.05). Finally, the distribution of SBA was the same as in the normal group. Conclusions: According to the above results, it is supposed that Sasammaickmoondong-tang is applicable to gastric mucosal lesions.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.428-436
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• 2005

In this paper, we introduce an adaptive control method to improve the position accuracy and reduce nonlinear friction effects for the linear motion servo system with the nonlinear friction. The considered system plant included not only the variation of the mass of mover but also the friction change by the normal force. We also designed an adaptive controller with the mass estimator and the compensator by observing the variation of normal force. The effectiveness and system performances for the proposed control method in this paper show to improve than other control methods through numerical simulations.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.107-117
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• 2004

Objective : Atopic dermatitis has a close relationship with degranulation of mast cell and separation of Histamine. As there's no experiment with herb, using Arctii Fructus, we investigated experimental influence of Arctii Fructus on degranulation of mast cell and separation of histamine in SD rat. Methods : The SD rats are classified into three groups. One group is normal one treated by normal saline before medical treatment. The other is control group prescribed to Compound 48/80 before normal saline treatment. And the third is experimental group prescribed to compound 48/80 after medical treatment of Arctii Fructus. Then, I investigated the experimental results by measuring the degree of degranulation and separation of histamine. The results of investigation on SD rat group showing the degree of inhibitory effect of degranulation of a mast cell are as follow, the normal group treated by normal saline reflecting the degree of degranulation is $6.10{\pm}0.20\;%$, the control group treated by only compound 48/80 is $87.56{\pm}11.00\;%$, the experimental group which treated by compound 48/80 and Arctii Fructus's medical treatment is $16.26{\pm}4.67\;%$. Results : The normal group treated by only normal saline reflecting the degree of degranulation is $6.10{\pm}0.20\;%$, the control group treated by only compound 48/80 is 87.56=11.00 %, the experimental group treated by compound 48/80 and Arctii Fructus's medical treatment is $16.26{\pm}4.67\;%$. This result indicates that the degree of degranulation of mast cell is obviously inhibited (p<0.0l) in the experimental group in comparison with control one. The analysis of data obtained from plasma, which collected from the experimented SDrats' hearts before their death, and the measurement of quantity of histamine secretion show the following results. The quantity of normal group and control one is $25.34{\pm}4.58$ nM, $348.59{\pm}30.77$ nM respectively, and experimental one prescribed to compound 48/80 after medical treatment of Arctii Fructus is $263.56{\pm}21.34$ nM. This result indicates that separation of histamine isobviously inhibited in the experimental group in comparison with control one (p<0.05). Conclusions : Arctii Fructus does obviously inhibit the degree of degranulation of mast cell (p<0.0l) and separation of histamine in the plasma (p<0.05).