• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.434-439
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• 2007

Amended Water Quality Environment Preservation Law enacted that the areas where nonpoint pollution is serious can be designated as Nonpoint Source Management Region. According to Section 54 of Water Quality Environment Preservation Law, corresponding watersheds are areas where runoff from nonpoint pollution source may deteriorate river and lake water quality, residents' health and property, and ecosystem. The criteria are as followings; i) where nonpoint source contribution result in or will result in significant ecological destruction, iii) national or local industrial complexes and cities having population greater than one million where nonpoint source managements are necessary, iv) where specific measurement is necessary because of its geological and stratigraphic characteristics. In this research, detailed designation criteria was developed reflecting current nonpoint source management situation and its discharge characteristics. Depending on the result, target regions were also suggested. In additions, it will be desirable that the target regions are prioritized considering institutional execution availability, stakeholder's agreement, and connection with existing nonpoint source pollution management measures.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.907-915
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• 2010

Agriculture nonpoint pollution source is a significant contributor to water quality degradation. To establish effective water quality control policy, environpolitics establishment person must be able to estimate nonpoint source loads to lakes and streams. To meet this need for orchard area, we investigated a real rainfall runoff phenomena about it. We developed nonpoint source runoff estimation models for vineyard area that has lots of fertilizer, compost specially between agricultural areas. Data used in nonpoint source estimation model gained from real measuring runoff loads and it surveyed for two years(2008-2009 year) about vineyard. Nonpoint source runoff loads estimation models were composed of using independent variables(rainfall, storm duration time(SDT), antecedent dry weather period(ADWP), total runoff depth(TRD), average storm intensity(ASI), average runoff intensity(ARI)). Rainfall, total runoff depth and average runoff intensity among six independent variables were specially high related to nonpoint source runoff loads such as BOD, COD, TN, TP, TOC and SS. The best regression model to predict nonpoint source runoff load was Model 6 and regression factor of all water quality items except for was $R^2=0.85$.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.657-663
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• 2004

The aims of this study are the characterization of runoff from nonpoint source, the analysis of the pollutant loads and an establishment of a management plan for nonpoint source of Okcheon. For this purpose the basin of the stream So-okcheon was selected to the investigated. During the period from May 29 to July 21 in 2003, the water automatic sampler system has been installed in Okkagkyo and parameters such as SS, COD, TOC, TP and TN were analyzed. The pollutants of nonpoint source seem to be washed out along the stream water in the beginning of rainfall, remain in water and cause the stream pollution. The runoffs during heavy rainfall, especially, much higher concentration of SS than those during dry period. With respect to the annual loading of pollutants of the nonpoint source, the COD was 124 ton/yr, TOC 396 ton/yr, TN 1,429 ton/yr and TP 4.2 ton/yr in the year 2002. With respect to the pollutants loading of the nonpoint source, the COD was 375 ton/yr(95% of the total COD loading of 394 ton/yr), TOC 844 ton/yr(96% of the tatal TOC loading of 876 ton/yr), TN 1,985 ton/yr(96% of the total TN loading of 2,062 ton/yr) and TP 37.1 ton/yr(92% of the total TP loading of 40.3 ton/yr) in the year 2003.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.750-757
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• 2008

This study is conducted to characterize and evaluate delivered pollutant loads of point and nonpoint source on the upper watershed of lake paldang. The study area consists of 12 watersheds in Namhan-river and Kyungahcheon, which are approximately 80% of total area of Namhan-river and Kyungahcheon. Based on daily delivered loads from watersheds, 61% of $BOD_5$, 81% of T-N and 70% of T-P were from nonpoint sources, suggesting that delivered loads of nonpoint pollutants be crucial to water quality. On the other hand, 78% of $BOD_5$, 92% of T-N and 87% of T-P as delivered load were from nonpoint sources in an upper watershed of Namhan-river, while 48% of $BOD_5$, 70% of T-N and 57% of T-P as delivered load were from nonpoint sources in a lower watershed of Namhan-river, suggesting higher dependency of point sources than upper watershed of Namhan-river. In the characteristic of delivered loading pollutants from point and nonpoint pollution sources, delivered load of nonpoint pollutants differed significantly by seasonal flow, and as though discharged load of point pollutants were yearly uniform, delivered load of point pollutants was found to be flow-dependent because its delivery ratio was changed.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2007

This paper suggests a hierarchial method to select the target sites for the nonpoint source pollution management considering factors which reflect the interrelationships of significant outflow characteristics of nonpoint source pollution at given sites. The factors consist of land slope, delivery distance to the outlet, effective rainfall, impervious area ratio and soil loss. The weight of each factor was calculated by an analytic hierarchy process(AHP) algorithm and the resulting influencing index was defined from the sum of the product of each factor and its computed weight value. The higher index reflect the proposed target sites for nonpoint source pollution management. The proposed method was applied to the Baran HP#6 watershed, located southwest from Suwon city. The Agricultural Nonpoint Pollution Source(AGNPS) model was also applied to identify sites contributing significantly to the nonpoint source pollution loads from the watershed. The spatial correlation between the two results for sites was analyzed using Moran's I values. The I values were $0.38{\sim}0.45$ for total nitrogen(T-N), and $0.15{\sim}0.22$ for total phosphorus(T-P), respectively. The results showed that two independent estimates for sites within the test water-shed were highly correlated, and that the proposed hierarchial method may be applied to select the target sites for nonpoint source pollution management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.279-281
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• 2003

This study is intended to give information on agricultural nonpoint source pollution and transport related to fertilizer application and irrigation practice. Field-simulated soil columns were set up and leaching studies on fertilizer components such as nitrogen and phosphorus were performed. Nitrogen and phosphorus in the leachate showed different trends in each column and nonpoint source pollution in agricultural areas may be expected to depend on planted crops, soil conditions, and climate as well as irrigation and fertilizing management.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.135-147
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• 2018

In order to investigate the runoff characteristics of nonpoint source pollutants in the Lake Doam watershed, water quality and flow rate were monitored for 38-rainfall events from 2009 to 2016. The EMC values of SS, COD, TN and TP were in the range of 33~2,169, 3.5~56.9, 0.09~7.65 and $0.06{\sim}2.21mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. As a result of analyzing the effect of rainfall factor on the nonpoint source pollutant load, EMCs of SS, COD and TP showed a statistically significant correlation with rainfall (RA) (p<0.01) and SS showed highly significant correlation with maximum rainfall intensity (MRI, R=0.48). The load ranges of SS, COD, TN and TP were 10.4~11,984.6, 1.1~724.4, 0.6~51.6 and $0.03{\sim}22.85ton\;event^{-1}$, respectively, showing large variation depending on the characteristics of rainfall events. The effect of rainfall on the load was analyzed. SS, COD and TP showed a positive correlation, but TN did not show any significant correlation. The annual load of SS was the highest with $88,645tons\;year^{-1}$ in 2011 when rainfall was the highest with 1,669 mm. The result of impact analysis of nonpoint source pollution reduction project and land-use change on runoff load showed that pollutant load significantly reduced from 2009 to 2014 but SS and TP loads were increased from 2014 to 2016 due to increase in construction area. Therefore, we suggested that nonpoint source pollution abatement plan should be continued to reduce the soil loss and pollutants during rainfall, and countermeasures to reduce nonpoint source pollution due to construction need to be established.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 한국농공학회 2005년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.637-642
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to evaluate design parameters of free water surface constructed wetland for the reduction of agricultural nonpoint source pollution. From literature review, the key design parameters were selected as influent concentration, influent water volume, hydraulic retention time and wetland system arrangement. The design value for each parameter was established after pilot study. Full-scale constructed wetland on the basis of the designed values was constructed to evaluate those reasonableness. The results of this study showed that the designed values for free water surface constructed wetland were appropriate for the reduction of agricultural nonpoint source pollution.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• 제34권E호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1992

Increasing national concern on nonpoint source pollution of surface and ground water Systems has led researchers and policy makers to develop certain agricultural Best Management Practices. As an initial step of broad study program above mentioned, this study reflected the effects of different tillage practice on bulk density and degree of saturation on two regional soils, namely Tama silt loam and Catlin silt loam. Results may help to clarify some of the conflicting findings on the impact of tillage systems on these parameters and it may also explain some of the reasons for specific role that different tillage systems play regarding nonpoint source pollution from agricultural fields.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2012

This study compared the influence of water quality according to the data sources of spatial information. Firstly, land cover map was constructed through image classification of Daecheong-dam basin and the accuracy of image classification from satellite image showed high as 88.76% in comparison with the large-scaled land cover map in Ministry of Environment, to calculate Event Mean Concentration (EMC) by land cover that impact on the evaluation of nonpoint source pollutant loads. Also curve number and direct runoff were calculated by spatial overlay with soil map and land cover map from image classification. And Seokcheon and Daecheong-Dam basin showed high in the analysis of curve number and direct runoff. Samgacheon-Joint and Sokcheon-Downstream basin showed high in the nonpoint source pollutant loads of BOD from direct runoff and EMC. And Samgacheon-Joint and Bonghwangcheon- Downstream basin showed high in the nonpoint source pollutant loads of TN and TP. Nonpoint source pollutant loads from image classification were compared with those by the land cover map from Ministry of Environment to present the effectivity of nonpoint source pollutant loads from satellite image. And Daecheong-Dam Upstream basin showed high as 10.64%, 11.70% and 20.00% respectively in the errors of nonpoint source pollutant loads of BOD, TN, and TP. Therefore, it is desirable that spatial information including with paddy and dry field is applied to the evaluation of nonpoint source pollutant loads in order to simulate water quality of basin effectively.