• 공연문화연구
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• 제34호
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• pp.111-131
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• 2017

무교(巫敎)는 오랫동안 사회의 주도세력에 의해 주변종교 또는 미신으로 치부되었다. 이는 사회를 주도하는 대중매체에 의해 의도적으로 왜곡되어 투영된 잔상이기도 하다. 특히 당대의 문화를 반영하는 첨단 대중매체인 영화에서 무교는 부정적 이미지로 투영되는 경우가 많았다. 객관성과 사실성을 중요하게 여기는 다큐멘터리 영화에서는 무교에 관한 입장이 비교적 중립적이고, 어느 정도 무교 친화적인 정치색을 갖는 다큐멘터리 영화감독들은 무교의 정신세계 또는 전통성 등을 부각시키기 위한 노력을 경주한다. 이글에서는 다큐멘터리 영화에 투영된 무교와 전통음악의 가치를 살펴보았다. 이글에서 다루는 영화는 <사이에서>와 <땡큐 마스터 킴>이다. 이 둘의 비교를 통해 내부인(한국인 감독)과 외부인(외국인 감독)이 각각 투영하고 싶어 하는 무교의 이미지를 파악할 수 있다. <사이에서>는 기승전결을 갖춘 '뮤지컬'로서의 굿을 표현하고자 하였다. 그러나 영화감독은 굿에서 핵심인 음악에 대한 이해가 없었기 때문에 굿음악의 예술성을 전혀 부각시키지 못했다. 무당과 굿에 관한 <사이에서>의 관점은 철저하게 신비함과 영적 능력에 맞춰져 있다. 이런 점에서 이 영화를 통해 우리 굿을 세계에 소개하고 싶었다는 감독의 의도는 그다지 성공적이지 못하다. 이와 반대로 <땡큐 마스터 킴>은 음악인의 시각으로 무당과 굿을 바라다보니 무당과 한국의 예술세계를 중심적으로 다루었다. 굿음악뿐만 아니라 다양한 음악 갈래의 전통적 미학을 소개한다. 영화의 스토리는 우리 문화의 생명수라 할 수 있는 큰 무당을 찾는 서사적 여정으로서 서사무가인 <바리공주>를 연상시키는 것이다. 그리고 이 여정에서 찾는 미학은 외국인의 시각에 비친, 이제는 우리나라 현실에서는 거의 존재하지 않는 '상상의 공동체'의 음악적 산물이다. 그리고 주인공이 찾는 '마스터 킴'은 우리나라에 국한된 것이 아니라 '탈(脫) 영토화'된 음악적 영웅인 것이다. 이런 일련의 음악적 흐름을 통해 외국인 관객들도 굿음악과 무교 세계에 대해 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 것이다. 음악은 '만국공통어(universal language)'이면서도 '비보편적 언어(non-universal language)'로서 한 공동체집단의 특수성을 반영하는 문화이다. 우리의 굿음악은 다른 사회에서는 찾아 볼 수 없는, 우리 문화의 정수를 간직한 매우 비보편적 언어로 이루어진 것이다. <사이에서>의 한국인 감독은 굿의 핵심적 요소인 음악에 대한 이해가 없기에 굿의 본질을 전달하는데 실패했다. 이에 반하여 <땡큐 마스터 킴>의 외국인 감독은 음악가로서의 배경을 통해 굿의 핵심적 요소인 음악을 전면에 부각시키면서 굿의 본질을 전달하는데 성공했다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.675-693
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• 2011

In its restricted sense, 'sound poetry' refers to the poetic performance that rejects words and verbal meaning and instead foregrounds the aural materiality of poetry. Behind this seeking for materiality lies a quest for a 'language of presence,' which operates through a denial of signification toward an ideal of the Adamic tongue, a purely emotional and universal language. In the same light, it is argued that sound poetry is a unique and unrepeatable event devoid of meaning due to its directness to the body allowing no intervention of intellectual and semiotic process. But language may involve perceptual meaning as well as verbal or conceptual meaning ascribed to words. This implies that even though devoid of conceptual meaning by means of using grammatically non-articulated sounds, sound poetry cannot but have meaning whose articulation is differently, i.e., iconically made about the aural features of the sounds. Perceptual meaning is unavoidable because everything we are conscious of is a reduced form, a repeatable pattern that works as a sign. 'Language of presence' is then actually impossible, and therefore sound poetry should be seen rather as a fest of diverse perceptual meanings.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제4호
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• pp.207-228
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• 1998

This study investigated how Korean learners of English acquired the English reflexives. There is emphasis on the effects of the GCP and PAP(Wexler and Manzini, 1987). The purpose is to examine the major hypothesis that L2 learners are still constrained by Universal Grammar (UG), despite the influence of the parameter setting of their native language as well as the non-operation of the Subset Principle. The experimental group consisted of 30 middle school students (age 14-15), 30 high school students (age 16-17), and 30 university students (age 18-19) as well as 20 ESL students (age 16) studying English in the USA. Twenty native speakers of English served as a control group. The subjects responded to a test on reflexives that used a multiple-choice grammaticality judgement task. Findings show that L2 learners transfer their L1 parameter setting and, as a result, make errors in the choice of antecedents for reflexives. Therefore, I argue that the L2 learner is still constrained by UG.

• 음성과학
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• 제6권
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• pp.7-24
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• 1999

Eleven Korean learners of English took part in an experiment where the production and perception of English /r/ and /l/ in four different word positions was investigated. Overall the subjects made more errors on /l/ in both production and identification tests. The frequency of the subjects' errors was also sensitive to word positions in which the two English liquids occur. Especially the subjects made noticeably fewer errors in intervocalic medial position. It is suggested that the Korean subjects' acquisitional pattern in this particular case of foreign phone learning can be explained more by language particular 'interference' effects rather than 'universal' acoustic arguments such as those given in Dissosway et a1. (1982) and Sheldon and Strange (1982). The results of the experiment also support the minority position among second language educators that in some cases of non-native phone acquisition, learners' production abilities can be developed earlier than their perceptual abilities.

• 한국언어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국언어정보학회 2001년도 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.199-225
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• 2001

The main goal of this paper is to investigate and compare English, German and Korean non-head-bound-intensifiers such as English ‘x-self’, German ‘selbst’, and Korean ‘susulo, casin’. That is, this paper is mainly concerned with the semantic domain where the respective contributions of the expressions in question overlap. The phenomenon under discussion with the label “intensifiers” is regarded as universal, which provides the ground of the comparative/contrastive or semi-cross-linguistic study of this paper. Not only the semantic concept of intensification by these expressions but also the combination of grammatical features or syntactic behaviours thereof seem to have highly invariant common denominators among the wide varieties of languages, even if they come from apparently different language families. In comparing English, German and Korean intensifiers, this paper is interested in the more general features of the expressions in question rather than some language-specific idiocyncracies. Intensifiers work similarly not only in English and German, but also in Korean. Each of three languages under investigation provides some sort of a safegard against confusing instances and misleading judgements on the issues under discussion. Morphologically, however, English expressions in question agree with their rele-vant NP in number, gender and person. Whereas German and Korean counterparts do not have such specific morphological properties. Intensifiers in their non-head-bound-use are subject-oriented, just as in their head-bound use. Non-head-bound-intensifiers differ from head-bound-intensifiers mostly in their syntactic behaviours or distributional properties, whereas they share the semantic domain “intensification” regarding relevant subject-NP. They introduce an ordering and distinguish center and periphery, and ‘self-involvement (directness of involvement)’seems a additional possible characterisation of the relevant dimension of these intensifiers in common. An assertion of identity also can be reg

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.107-124
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• 2000

This paper reports the syntactic distribution of amu-N-to/-ilato/-ina phrase, which are representative polarity sensitive items. (PSIs) in Korean, and ac- counts for their semantic characteristics in therms of "arbitrary choice quantification" and "concession" In the first section, we extensively illustrate the distributional behaviour of the PSIs in various costructions and roughly generalize the distribu- tion in terms of "(anti/non-) verdicality" Section 2 claims amu denotes an arbi- trary choice quantifier and the particles -to/-ilato/-ina as "concessive" markers, so the compounds denote a special element in a pragmatic scale determined by con- text/situation, Section 3. based on the pragmatics of scalar implicature, accounts for the apparent ambiguity of PSIs between "universal"and "existential"readings and further characterizes the difference among the concessive markers -to/-ilato/-ina in terms of "quantity/ quality scale."rkers -to/-ilato/-ina in terms of "quantity/ quality scale."

• 영어어문교육
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• 제5호
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• pp.219-247
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• 1999

The purpose of this paper is to examine how Korean learners of English reset the "prodrop" parameter of Korean into "non-prodrop" parameter of English in the process of English acquisition. An experiment was conducted to 45 Korean learners of English on the prodrop phenomenon, namely on the null referential or null nonreferential subject, and subject-verb agreement by way of grammatical judgment. The results of the experiment are as follows: First, L2 learners follow the parameter of L1, and then reset the parameter of L2 regardless of the parameter of L1 as their L2 abilities advance. Thus, this study provides further support for the hypothesis that universal grammar is available via L1. Second, the referential subject is, at first, easier to acquire than nonreferential subject, and the triggering fact for the switch from [+prodrop] to [-prodrop] was the use of nonreferential subjects. Third, 3rd person agreement has no connection with the acquisition of the prodrop parameter as a result of subject-verb agreement. Therefore, these results indicate that verb agreement is not a trigger for the recognition of the obligatory subject.

• 영어영문학
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.483-530
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• 2018

Unpacking and dispersing rights of various kinds formerly enjoyed by a selected few has been the constant motivation behind the democratization and modernization of human society. Human rights and later civil rights have continuously been constituted and reconstituted in response to the demands of the laboring class, slaves, women, subalterns, animals, and things, expanding beyond the boundaries of class, race, nation, sexuality, gender, species and organism. Calling attention to the ways in which literary and cultural texts have narrated rights so as to inscribe these human, nonhuman, and inhuman demands. Narrating rights offer opportunities to interrogate the lasting contributions of English language and literature to questioning, reforming, and practicing rights. The interrogation is particularly pertinent in this age in which revised and dispersed rights are creating new conflicts, requiring them to be narrated differently and imaginatively so as to allow all the parties in conflict to participate in working out the conflicts. With the 2017 theme of "Literature and Human Rights," JELL editorial collective hope to explore the relationship between literature and human rights in its multiple simultaneous, and plural manifestations in an open platform. "Narrating Rights" is a double-edged task that, on one hand, reflects the singular life conditions or contexts of a human, inhuman or nonhuman being and, on the other hand, aspires to the perpetual process of rights' universal application. Eleven out of all the keynote speakers at the 2017 ELLAK Convention were invited to this roundtable on Literature and Human Rights. The following transcription includes the dialogues of the eleven discussants.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.111-114
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• 2019

This paper intends to implement a software that controls TurtleBot 2 remotely. The moving of the robot TurtleBot 2 can be controlled using command control based on Windows 10 IoT core instead of the Robot Operating System (ROS). The implemented software allows the user to move remotely TurtleBot 2 in any specified direction and perform the monitoring such as reading feedback data from the robot. Through TCP/IP and serial communication technology, TurtleBot 2 can successfully receive command control and send feedback to the user. Using C# programming language, two Universal Windows Platform apps (client app and server app) have been implemented to allow communication between the user and TurtleBot 2. The result of this implementation has been verified and tested in an indoor platform.

• 논리연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.57-91
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• 2008

철학적 문제들의 발생은 언어의 논리에 대한 오해에 기인한다는 신념에 따라, 비트겐슈타인의 철학적 탐구는 언제나 언어의 논리 문제를 중심으로 전개되었다. 그의 철학적 작업은 실로 논리적 탐구였다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 그가 생각한 언어의 논리란 무엇인가? 그것은 처음부터 언어의 문법으로서 이해되었지만, 이 이해에는 그의 전후기에 중요한 변화가 있었다. 초기에 그는 언어의 논리를 이상적 표기법에서 실현되는 진리 함수적 구문론과 같은 것으로 이해했으나, 후기에 그는 언어의 논리를 언어놀이의 다양한 언어 사용 규칙들로서 보는 데로 나아갔다. 그것은 논리를 모든 가능성이 미리 규정되어 있는 매우 엄격하고 이상적인 하나의 보편적 문법 체계로서 보는 데서부터, 논리를 미리 생각되지 않은 가능성에 열려 있고 언어놀이들에 특유한 다양한 언어 사용 규칙들로 이루어진 문법 체계들로서 보게 되는 변화이다. 이 글은 그의 전후기 논리관의 상이한 핵심과 그 변화 이유를 다루고 있다. 특히 논리의 자율성과 필연성에 대한 그의 전후기의 관점 변화가 다루어진다.