• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.417-435
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• 2016

Relevance judgment is important in terms of improving the effectiveness of information retrieval systems, and it has been dominant for users to search and use images utilizing internet and digital technologies. However, in the field of image retrieval, there have been only a few studies in terms of identifying relevance criteria. The purpose of this study aims to identify and characterize the non-relevance criteria from the failed image searches. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, a total of 135 participants were recruited and a total of 1,452 criteria items were collected for this study. Analyses and identification on the data set found thirteen criteria such as 'topicality', 'visual content', 'accuracy', 'visual feature', 'completeness', 'appeal to user', 'focal point', 'bibliographic information', 'impression', 'posture', 'face feature', 'novelty', and 'time frame'. Among these criteria, 'visual content' and 'focal point' were introduced in this current study, while 'action' criterion identified in previous studies was not shown in this current study. When image needs and image uses are analyzed with these criteria, there are distinctive differences depending on different image needs and uses.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.113-133
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• 2012

This study is an exploratory research on the user relevance criteria in Korean search service environments that provide integrated search results. Data were collected from 10 participants using a semi-structured interview technique. The participants conducted a web search using integrated search services, such as Naver or Daum on a self-selected topic. They were asked to judge the relevance of retrieved documents and to report their relevance criteria. As a result, the research indicated 8 user-defined relevance and non-relevance criteria. The research shows that specificity and richness are the two most important criteria yet, the user's relevance criteria have not changed much despite the change in search environment.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Emergency Medicine
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.595-602
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• 2018

Objective: The Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS), which was implemented in 2016, needs to be assessed for its validity and reliability. Here we evaluate the relevance of emergency level assessment by analyzing the validity of KTAS as a Korean standardized triage system. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of adults who presented to a local emergency room (ER) during an 18-month period. We compared medical resources used, life-saving interventions performed, length of stay (LOS) in ER, admission rate, and mortality at each KTAS level. Results: Among a total of 40,339 patients, most patients were at KTAS 4 (n=19,532, 48.4%) and the longest median LOS in ER was 450 minutes at KTAS 2. As the KTAS level increased, the percentage of medical resources used and lifesaving interventions performed increased significantly. The odds of total admission and intensive care unit admission were significantly higher at KTAS 1 through 4 compared to those at KTAS 5. The odds related to admission and mortality were also significantly higher at KTAS 3 than at KTAS 4. Conclusion: We concluded that the KTAS, as a Korean standardized triage system of emergency level assessment, is relevant. Further, KTAS 1-3 and KTAS 4-5 are appropriate criteria to distinguish emergency and non-emergency patients.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.107-129
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• 2014

Providing reliable and high quality information sources will be one of the basic skills of librarians in the future. Therefore, this study proposed evaluation criteria for health-related information sources based on a survey of public and medical librarians. As a result, a total of 21 items were selected as evaluation items, in three groups. The first, the health information content group, had 13 evaluation items, including accuracy, recency, medical expertise, regular updates, consideration of audience, objectivity, ease of understanding, plain (non-scientific or technical) language, completeness, relevance to the topic, verifiability, citation of information sources, and specification of precautions or warnings. The second group, the health-information sources group, had 5 evaluation items including clarity of health information for achieving its purpose, clarification of the responsibility of health information, compliance to the privacy policy, fairness of health information providers, and ethics of health information providers. The third group was the health-information website design group, and featured 4 evaluation criteria: ease of access, search capabilities, website ease of use, and query-response services.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.83-118
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• 2009

Clean Development Mechanism(CDM) projects under the Kyoto Protocol have two objectives. One is to assist the Parties included in Annex I in achieving compliance with their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments in cost-effective ways by allowing them to implement emission reduction projects in Non-Annex I countries and receive CERs, which will offset their reduction commitments. The other is to assist Parties not included in Annex I in achieving sustainable development and technology transfers through investments by Annex I countries. However, in reality, it is said that the former objective is achievable but the latter is not. In this light, this article suggests sustainability appraisal criteria applicable for Korea. Among various methodologies, we used the 'multi-attributes utility theory(MAUT)'; one of the 'multi-criteria analysis (MCA)' methodologies judged to be the most practical and relevant. Based on the guidelines of the MAUT methodology, we identified sustainability criteria that meet the guidelines. We took two tracks, the first to find the preferences of Korean experts, and the other to check foreign cases. In all, 37 preliminary criteria were suggested to Korean experts and each criterion was scored, from between 1 and 3, in terms of relevance, possibility of real improvement, easiness of data collection, and preferences. We combined foreign cases and the results of a survey conducted in Korea and selected 12 core criteria and 10 additional criteria. After that, all the criteria were converted into indicators. The indicators were applied to a CDM project for case study. We chose the "Sihwa Tidal Power Project", which is currently the biggest tidal power plant in the world. Twelve core indicators and 3 additional indicators were applied. In order to weight each indicator, the 'analytical hierarchy process (AHP)' was used. A total of 30 experts were asked to suggest weights and 21 answered. Among them, only 14 respondents were proven to meet the consistency ratio. We analyzed the 14 responses through Expert Choice and the CDM project was scored (+)53.082. In addition, sensitivity analysis was undertaken with the result of (+)44.667 to (+)65.522. As a result of this study, it was proven that this project would contribute to the sustainable development of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.267-275
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• 2013

Among data mining techniques, the association rule is the most recently developed technique, and it finds the relevance between two items in a large database. And it is directly applied in the field because it clearly quantifies the relationship between two or more items. When we determine whether an association rule is meaningful, we utilize interestingness measures such as support, confidence, and lift. Interestingness measures are meaningful in that it shows the causes for pruning uninteresting rules statistically or logically. But the criteria of these measures are chosen by experiences, and the number of useful rules is hard to estimate. If too many rules are generated, we cannot effectively extract the useful rules.In this paper, we designed a variety of non-linear regression equations considering all association thresholds between the number of rules and three interestingness measures. And then we diagnosed multi-collinearity and autocorrelation problems, and used analysis of variance results and adjusted coefficients of determination for the best model through numerical experiments.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.117-128
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• 2020

Purpose: This study analyzed the information and accessibility of toxic substances provided to Internet websites. Methods: From August 1, 2020, to August 31, 2020, we analyzed eight internet websites regarding toxic pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and chemicals. The website-evaluation criteria were divided into five categories for information and five categories for website convenience. Results: All eight websites about toxic substances were hosted by reliable institutions or organizations and provided accurate information in terms of informational relevance. The website run by the Safety and Health Corporation scored the highest with 100points. Analysis of the websites' accessibility to non-members' revealed that six (75.0%) were accessible, but two (12.5%) provided only limited information. Access to information through mobile apps was only available in three of the eight cases (37.5%). Conclusion: This study can be used as a reference for Internet websites about toxic substances. Toxicological information that can be viewed only with membership and manager approval requires membership in advance of viewing. In addition, emergency medical personnel working at a site or hospital should be familiar with the characteristics of toxicity information retrieval.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.443-464
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• 2015

This study examined the feasibility of using EEG signals and ERP P3b for extracting video key-frames based on users' cognitive responses. Twenty participants were used to collect EEG signals. This research found that the average amplitude of right parietal lobe is higher than that of left parietal lobe when relevant images were shown to participants; there is a significant difference between the average amplitudes of both parietal lobes. On the other hand, the average amplitude of left parietal lobe in the case of non-relevant images is lower than that in the case of relevant images. Moreover, there is no significant difference between the average amplitudes of both parietal lobes in the case of non-relevant images. Additionally, the latency of MGFP1 and channel coherence can be also used as criteria to extract key-frames.

• BMB Reports
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

The causative role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in human carcinogenesis is undisputed. Measurements of PAH-DNA adduct levels in easily accessible white blood cells therefore represent useful early endpoints in exposure intervention of chemoprevention studies. The successful applicability of DNA adducts as early endpoints depends on several criteria:i.adduct levels in easily accessible surrogate tissues should reflect adduct levels in target-tissues, ii. toxicokinetics and the temporal relevance should be properly defined.iii. sources of inter- and intra-individual variability must be known and controllable, and finally iv. adduct analyses must have advantages as compared to other markers of PAH-exposure. In general, higher DNA adduct levels or a higher proportion of subjects with detectable DNA adduct levels were found in exposed individuals as compared with non-exposed subjects, but saturation may occur at high exposures. Furthermore, DNA adduct levels varied according to changes in exposure, for example smoking cessation resulted in lower DNA adduct levels and adduct levels paralleled seasonal variations of air-pollution. Intra-individual variation during continuous exposure was low over a short period of time (weeks), but varied significantly when longer time periods (months) were investigated. Inter-individual variation is currently only partly explained by genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in PAH-metabolism and deserves further investigation. DNA adduct measurement may have three advantages over traditional exposure assessment: i. they can smooth the extreme variability in exposure which is typical for environmental toxicants and may integrate exposure over a longer period of time. Therefore, DNA adduct assessment may reduce the monitoring effort. ii. Biological monitoring of DNA adducts accounts for all exposure routes. iii. DNA adducts may account for inter-individual differences in uptake, elimination, distribution, metabolism and repair amongst exposed individuals. In conclusion, there is now a sufficiently large scientific basis to justify the application of DNA adduct measurement as biomarkers in exposure assessment and intervention studies. Their use in risk-assessment, however, requires further investigation.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.319-326
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• 2022

Background: As the internet usage becomes easily accessible, the patients are more frequently searching about diseases and medical/non-medical treatments. Considering that complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating disease, it is important to check the information that patients are accessing. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the reliability, sufficiency, and accuracy of the YouTube videos about CRPS. Methods: This study is a descriptive research which is derived by searching videos using the keyword 'complex regional pain syndrome' on YouTube. Relevance-based sequencing was used to sort the videos. Sources and video parameters were documented. To evaluate the accuracy, reliability and content quality of the videos, Global Quality Score, Journal of American Medical Association Benchmark Criteria and Modified DISCERN Questionnaire scales were used. Results: A total of 167 videos were included in this study. The majority of the videos originated from USA (80.2%, n = 134). The median number of views was 639 and the viewing rate was 73.3. Most of the videos had partially sufficient data and the interaction index viewing rate parameters for videos with high content quality were greater than videos with low content quality (P = 0.010, P = 0.014). Conclusions: Our results showed that videos about CRPS on YouTube mostly had partially sufficient data and include intermediate-high quality contents. Moreover, high-content quality videos had higher viewing rates, interaction indexes, number of likes, longer durations, as well as better reliability and accuracy scores. Videos with high quality and reliable content are needed to reduce misinformation about CRPS.