• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 상수도 금속관의 관 내 외면 부식상태를 평가하고, 내 외면 부식깊이(속도)와 매설년수의 관계를 통하여 내 외면 공식성장속도, 그리고 국내의 토양특성 인자들이 관 외면부식에 미치는 영향을 평가하여 관 외면의 노후상태를 예측할 수 있는 부식속도 모델을 제안하였다. 수집된 관체의 외면 부식깊이는 평균적으로 1.38 mm, 내면은 2.13 mm이었고, 이는 수질 등 내면부식영향 인자가 토양 등 외면부식영향 인자보다 부식에 미치는 영향이 크기 때문이며, 평균 공식성장 속도도 내면이 외면보다 두 배정도 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 외면부식에 영향을 주는 각 토양과 외면부식속도와의 상관성은 높지 않았으나, 모든 토양항목을 포함하여 회귀분석을 통하여 수립된 외면부식속도 예측모델은 기존 모델과 비교하여 더 높은 상관성을 보였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2003

최근에 건설공사에서 발생하는 환경문제에 대한 관심이 고조되는 가운데 저소음, 저진동 공법인 매입말뚝공법이 건설현장에 많이 적용되고 있다. 이러한 건설여건의 변화에 부흥하여 국내에서는 지반을 굴착하고 시멘트 페이스트를 주입한 후 기성말뚝을 삽입하는 SIP공법(Soil-Cement Injected Precast Pile)의 적용이 늘고 있으나, 현재 국내 지반조건에 맞는 고유의 관계식이 없는 실정이다. 이와 같은 문제해결에 기여하기 위해, 본 연구에서는 SIP말뚝 주면과 지반사이의 저항력을 직접전단시험으로 측정하여 그 경향을 분석하였다. 직접전단시험 결과 SIP말뚝의 주면 저항력 성분이 수직하중에 가장 크게 영향을 받는다는 것을 밝혀내고 국내 주요 토질인 SM, SC 토질에서 이를 인자로 한 최대주면저항력 산정식을 제안하였다. 또한 말뚝 표면과 주면 지반과의 전단저항 거동 특성을 수치적으로 정확히 묘사하기 위해 Duncan(1971)의 쌍곡선 모델식과 새로운 비선형 수치모델식에 따른 계수산정식을 제안하였다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1043-1051
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• 2005

이류-확산 국부적 평형흡착모델(convection-dispersion local equilibrium sorption model)과 Two-site 비평형 흡착모델(non-equilibrium sorption model)을 이용하여 철(Fe)의 토양 내 흡착 및 이동특성을 살펴보았다. 회분실험에서는 철의 주입농도를 변화시키면서 시간에 따른 농도변화를 측정함으로써 철의 흡착특성을 선형흡착등온선과 Freundlich 흡착등온선으로 살펴보았으며, 칼럼실험에서는 주입유속, 유기물함량, 철의 농도를 변화시키면서 주입액과 유출액의 철의 농도를 측정하고, CXTFIT 프로그램을 이용하여 two-site 비평형 흡착 모델에 사용된 매개변수(D, R, ${\beta}$, ${\omega}$)를 구하였다. CXTFIT 프로그램에 의해 구하여진 매개변수들을 이용하여 철의 토양 내 이동특성을 살펴보았으며, 철과 같은 흡착성 물질의 이동특성은 two-site 비평형 흡착모델에 의해 예측할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.17-34
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• 2011

This paper deals with the modeling of the plane frame structure-foundation-soil system. The superstructure along with the foundation beam is idealized as beam bending elements. The soil medium near the foundation beam with stress concentrated is idealized by isoparametric finite elements, and infinite elements are used to represent the far field of the soil media. This paper presents the modeling of shear wall structure-foundation and soil system using the optimal membrane triangular, super and conventional finite elements. Particularly, an alternative formulation is presented for the optimal triangular elements aimed at reducing the programming effort and computational cost. The proposed model is applied to a plane frame-combined footing-soil system. It is shown that the total settlement obtained from the non-linear interactive analysis is about 1.3 to 1.4 times that of the non-interactive analysis. Furthermore, the proposed model was found to be efficient in simulating the shear wall-foundation-soil system, being able to yield results that are similar to those obtained by the conventional finite element method.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.737-745
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• 2006

The goal of this study is to present an external pit corrosion rate($p_{ecr}$) model with considering both the age of pipe and the soil characteristics. The correlation of nonlinear exponential model among conventional empirical models was a little higher than other empirical models in the prediction of $p_{ecr}$ according to the age of pipe. However, there has been a limit to predict Peer with the model by using only a pipe age since installation as a variable. The soil analysis results from sixty nine samples showed that all of the samples were non corrosive in the assessment of ANSI/AWWA scoring system. The correlation of soil corrosion factors and $p_{ecr}$ was also low. The application result of linear and nonlinear regression models that soil characteristics only showed a low correlation with $p_{ecr}$ Proposed nonlinear regression model in this study, with considering both the age of pipe and the soil characteristics, showed a little higher correlation ($R^2=0.46$) than conventional model.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.101-110
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• 2002

This article summarises the traditional method of soil-structure interaction based on the modulus of subgrade reaction and shows its weakness. In order to avoid these weakness, a new soil-structure interaction model is proposed. This model considers the soil as a set of connected springs which enables interaction between springs. Its use is as simple as the traditional model but allows to define the soil properties independently from the structural properties and the loading conditions. Thus, the definition of the modulus of subgrade reaction is unnecessary as each component is defined by its own modulii (Young's modulus and shear modulus). The non-linear soil behaviour for the shear stress versus distortion is also incorporated in the model. This feature allows to pinpoint the arching effect in the ground and shows how the stresses concentrate on stiff materials. Based on these principles, three dimensional program has been developed in order to solve the difficult problem of soil improvement by inclusions (stiff or soft). Also the possibility to take into account a flexible mat and/or a subgrade layer has been implemented. Equations used in the model are developed and a parametric study of the necessary data used in the program is presented. In particular, the Westergaard modulus notion and the arching effect are analysed.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1159-1166
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• 2005

In the present study, a series of laboratory tests with sands of different silt contents, are conducted and methods to assess non-linear behaviors based on in-situ test results are proposed. Modified hyperbolic stress-strain model is used to analyze non-linearity of silty sands in terms of non-linear degradation parameters f and g as a function of silt contents and relative density $D_R$. Stress-strain relationship results were obtained from a series of triaxial tests on sands containing different amounts of silt. Initial shear modulus which was applied to normalize modulus degradation of silty sands were determined based on the resonant column test results. From the laboratory test results, it was observed that, as the relative density increases, values of f decrease and those of g increase. Cone resistance $q_c$ for silty soil condition used in the triaxial tests were estimated based on the cavity expansion analysis. A suggestion to make an estimation of degradation parameters f and g as a function of fine contents is addressed in terms of cone resistance $q_c$ .

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.195-213
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• 2012

This paper presents the investigation of the stochastic responses of seismically isolated bridges subjected to spatially varying earthquake ground motions including incoherence, wave-passage and site-response effects. The incoherence effect is examined by considering Harichandran and Vanmarcke coherency model. The effect of the wave-passage is dealt with various wave velocities in the response analysis. Homogeneous firm, medium and soft soil conditions are selected for considering the site-response effect where the bridge supports are constructed. The ground motion is described by filtered white noise and applied to each support points. For seismic isolation of the bridge, single and double concave friction pendulum bearings are used. Due to presence of friction on the concave surfaces of the isolation systems, the equation of motion of is non-linear. The non-linear equation of motion is solved by using equivalent linearization technique of non-linear stochastic analyses. Solutions obtained from the stochastic analyses of non-isolated and isolated bridges to spatially varying earthquake ground motions compared with each other for the special cases of the ground motion model. It is concluded that friction pendulum systems having single and double concave surfaces have important effects on the stochastic responses of bridges to spatially varying earthquake ground motions.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.693-715
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• 2011

The main object of this study is to evaluate the seismic response effects on a reinforced concrete building isolated by triple concave friction pendulum (TCFP) bearings. The site-response effects arise from the difference in the local soil conditions at the support points of the buildings. The local soil conditions are, therefore, considered as soft, medium and firm; separately. The results on the responses of the isolated building are compared with those of the non-isolated. The building model used in the time history analysis, which is a two-dimensional and eight-storey reinforced concrete building with and without the seismic isolation bearings and/or the local soil conditions, is composed of two-dimensional moment resisting frames for superstructure and of plane elements featuring plane-stress for substructure. The TCFP bearings for isolating the building are modelled as of a series arrangement of the three single concave friction pendulum (SCFP) bearings. In order to investigate the efficiency of both the seismic isolation bearings and the site-response effects on the buildings, the time history analyses are elaborately conducted. It is noted that the site-response effects are important for the isolated building constructed on soft, medium or firm type local foundation soil. The results of the analysis demonstrate that the site-response has significant effects on the response values of the structure-seismic isolation-foundation soil system.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring
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• pp.477-484
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• 2000

Earthquake response analyses are conducted for the investigation of the ground shaking during the 1995 Hyogoken-nambu earthquake. Port Island a man made island with about 8{{{{ KAPPA m^2 }} area is chosen for this purpose Because earthquake measurement with vertical array was conducted there. Strain dependent characteristics of soil can be modeled well into Hardin-Drnevich Model. Four analyses are conducted : total stress analysis by equivalent linear method non-linear method. and two effective stress analyses. All analyses except equivalent linear analysis show fairy good agreement with observed record mainly because the non-linear behavior of Holocene clay layer has predominant effect on the behavior of fill, However detailed investigation show that effective stress analyses give much better prediction than total stress analyses.