• The Korean Journal of Medicine
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• v.99 no.2
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• pp.104-110
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• 2024

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium that colonizes the human stomach, leading to various gastrointestinal diseases including gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. There is no gold standard test that relies entirely on one method in H. pylori diagnosis. We must be aware of the pros and cons of various testing methods to perform an appropriate test according to the situation. Accurate diagnosis and eradication therapy are essential for disease management. Diagnostic methods include invasive techniques like tissue biopsy and rapid urease test, as well as non-invasive tests such as urea breath test, serology test, and stool antigen test. Each method has its advantages and limitations, requiring careful consideration in clinical practice. Understanding these diagnostic tools is crucial for effective H. pylori management and prevention of associated complications.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2008

Purpose: As the demand of a simple and precise method increases to evaluate the performance of the inverter type x-ray unit, we evaluated the usefulness of the recently-introduced X-ray Multi-Function Test Device (moldel : Xi (unfors)-prestige). Method: We compared the performance of X-ray Multi-Function Test Device (XMFTD) which is non-inveasive type device with the performance of Dynalyzer III that has been most widely used inveasive type measure device. Result: X-ray output dose was increased a little in the XMFTD, but both devices were below the performance evaluation standard, 0.002 in the output reproducibility. Linearity of XMFTD were below 0.1 which means that Dynalyzer III showed more excellency in linearity. As the the accuracy of exposure factor, 1.8 and 2 tube voltage, 2.01 and 2.3 tube current were measured. The exposure time was also measured by 0.01 sec ${\pm}10%$. Both devices were within the acceptance of performance evaluatioin standard. Conclusion: We proved the usefulness of X-ray Multi-Function Test Device (model: Xi (unfors)-prestige) to evaluated the performance on reproductibility and linearity of X-ray output and accuracy of exposure factor of inverter type unit.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.82-92
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• 2000

The purpose of the present study was to explore the proper method for animal stroke model of Oriental medicine To this end, brain ischemia was induced by distal middle cerebral artery occlusion(dMCAO) and proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion(pMCAO) and evaluated with the method of Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) staining and Swimming Behavior Test. Results demonstrated that first, infarct size and volume of pMCAO group were significantly bigger that those of dMCAO group. Second, analysis of swimming behavior test revealed that the percentage of left turning angles of pMCAO was significantly bigger than that of dMCAO. Third, during swimming behavior test, there were peculiar traces of small successive circles that represent motor dysfunction and conscious disturbance among dMCAO group. The results of the study thus indicate that non-invasive intraluminal method of pMCAO was the appropriate animal stroke model for Oriental medicine in the light of brain ischemia as hemiplesia and conscious disturbance.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.413-420
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• 2015

The skin is one of the largest organs in our body and participates in many of the human organism's physiological and pathological events. Skin function were known for self-maintenance and self-repair, mechanical and chemical stress protection, protection against UV and environmental pathogenic micro-organisms, production of vitamin D, and social and psychological function through the physical aspect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the variation of biophysical parameters and to find relation with skin biomarkers in different anatomical site and age in Korean women. About 70 healthy volunteers in age range 20 to 49 were participated in this test. Test areas were the forearms and the cheek. Investigation to determine biophysical parameters on human skin, was carried out using various non-invasive methods. For analysis to skin biomarkers, we studied to examine various biomarkers for the quantitative determination of cortisol, fibronectin, keratin-1, 10, and 11, involucrin, and keratin-6 in human face and forearm. And we measured to skin biophysical parameters for skin anatomical site and age difference with non-invasive methods. As results of measuring site, some parameters were have following significant difference, stratum corneum hydration, trans epidermal water loss and skin color (L and a value). As results of age difference, skin colors were had only significant difference with age. For cortisol, keratin-6, fibronectin, keratin-1, 10, 11 contents, there were no significant difference in age and site. However, involucrin level in the cheeks were the highest for age group 30 ~ 39 compared to other age groups. These results suggest that in individual skin condition may explain detailed skin state variation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.4527-4531
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• 2016

Background: PTEN protein is one of the most important tumour suppressor factors which is detectable by immunohistochemistry. The goal of the present study was to investigate the prognostic role of PTEN gene expression in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 100 breast cancer patients referred to Sabzevar hospitals in the north-east of Iran between 2010 and 2011, who were followed up to 2015. PTEN gene expression in tissue samples was determined using specific monoclonal antibodies and data were analyzed using Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Patient survival was analyzed after 4 years of follow-up using the Cox regression model. Results: PTEN gene expression was evident in 70 of 100 cnacer samples but was found at high levels in all non-cancer samples. There was an inverse significant relationship between PTEN gene expression and tumour stage or tumour grade (p<0.001). The expression of PTEN in invasive ductal tumours was lower than in non-invasive tumours. There was also an inverse significant relationship between the hazard of death and PTEN gene expression (p<0.001). In addition, there was an inverse significant relationship between tumour stage and hazard of death (p<0.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that lack of PTEN gene expression can be a sign of a worse prognosis and poor survival in breast cancer cases.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.501-509
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• 2021

More than half the world's population is thought to be infected with Helicobacter pylori. Although the majority of infected people are asymptomatic, H. pylori infection may cause gastric ulcers and deadly gastric cancer. Owing to the difficulty and invasiveness of current routine culture and diagnostic methods, a highly sensitive and specific noninvasive assay for H. pylori is of interest. This study highlighted the design and performance of a colorimetric magneto loop-mediated isothermal amplification (CM-LAMP) assay to detect H. pylori in spiked saliva samples. LF primers were coated on magnetic nanoparticles by carbodiimide-induced immobilization and functionally used for solid-phase amplification. During the LAMP reaction at 66℃, biotin-tagged FIPs were incorporated into LAMP amplicons. The colorimetric signal developed after the addition of NeutrAvidin horseradish peroxidase conjugate (NA-HRP) and ABTS. None of the tested microorganisms, including closely related bacteria, was shown positive by the CM-LAMP assay except H. pylori isolates. This novel platform was highly specific and 100-fold more sensitive (40 CFU/ml or 0.2 CFU per reaction) than the PCR and conventional LAMP assays for the detection of H. pylori in spiked saliva. Our results demonstrated the feasibility of using this noninvasive molecular diagnostic test to detect H. pylori in saliva samples.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.191-198
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• 2022

Natural habitats of the Korean long-tailed goral (Naemorhedus caudatus) have been fragmented by anthropogenic activities in South Korea in the last decades. Here, the individual identity, genetic variation, and population differentiation of the endangered species were examined via the multiple-tube approach using a non-invasive genotyping method. The average number of alleles was 3.16 alleles/locus for the total population. The Yanggu population (1.66) showed relatively lower average number of alleles than the Inje population (3.67). Of the total 19 alleles, only seven (36.8%) alleles were shared by the two populations. Using five polymorphic out of six loci, four and six different goral individuals from the captive Yanggu (n=24) and the wild Inje (n=28) population were identified, respectively. The allele distribution was not identical between the two populations (Fisher's exact test: P<0.01). A considerably low migration rate was detected between the two populations (no. of migrants after correction for size=0.294). Additionally, the F statistics results indicated significant population differentiation between them, however, quite low (F_ST=0.327, P<0.01). The posterior probabilities indicated that the two populations originated from a single panmictic population (P=0.959) and the assignment test results designated all individuals to both populations with nearly equal likelihood. These could be resulted from moderate population differentiation between the populations. No significant evidence supported recent population bottleneck in the total Korean goral population. This study could provide us with useful population genetic information for conservation and management of the endangered species.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.10.1-10.12
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• 2022

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) cannot be diagnosed by a single test because it is a multifactorial disorder of the ocular surface. Although studies on various dry eye tests (DETs) in dogs have been reported, standard criteria have not been established except for the Schirmer tear test 1 (STT-1). Objectives: To establish reference values for DETs in dogs with normal STT-1 values (≥ 15 mm/min) and to analyze the correlation between DETs. Methods: The STT-1 was performed in 10 healthy Beagle dogs (20 eyes). After 20 min, interferometry (IF) for estimating the lipid layer thickness (LLT) of the tear film, tear meniscus height (TMH), non-invasive tear breakup time (NIBUT), and meibomian gland loss rate of the upper eyelid (MGLRU) and lower eyelid (MGLRL), were measured using an ocular surface analyzer. Results: Mean values for STT-1, TMH, and NIBUT were as follows: 21.7 ± 3.4 mm/min, 0.41 ± 0.21 mm, and 19.1 ± 9.5 sec, respectively. The most frequent LLT range, measured by IF, was 30-80 nm (11 eyes), followed by 80 nm (5 eyes) and 80-140 nm (4 eyes). MGLRU ≤ 25% was measured in 11 eyes and 26%-50% in 9 eyes; MGLRL ≤ 25% in 8 eyes and 26%-50% in 12 eyes. Besides positive correlation between TMH and NIBUT (P = 0.038), there were no significant associations between DETs. Conclusions: Data obtained in this study provided normative references that could be useful for diagnosing DED and for further research into correlation between DETs in dogs with DED.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2009

The prevalence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in healthy persons was estimated as about $10{\sim}25%$ and was up to 40% in patients with stroke. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was considered to be the most sensitive method to detect PFO and was used as the gold standard. Transcranial doppler sonography (TCD) of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) during a contrast (saline bubble) injection has recently been proposed as an alternative detecting method for PFO. In this study, we would like to know the difference between TCD value and TEE value in subjects with cryptogenic ischemic stroke. We performed TCD and TEE tests to detect PFO on 64 patients (30 women and 34 men, mean age was 59.4 years) with cryptogenic ischemic stroke. PFO prevalence through TCD was 45.3% (29 of 64 patients) and the prevalence through TEE was 34.4% (22 of 64 patients). There was no statistical significance between PFO test and TCD test (P=0.206). But TCD had a sensitivity of 90.9% (20 of 22 patients), specificity of 78.6% (33 of 42 patients), positive predictive value of 69.0% (20 of 29 patients), and negative predictive value of 94.3% (33 of 35 patients). We concluded that TCD was a highly sensitive method for detecting a right-left shunt. Therefore, the non-invasive TCD test is a method more effective than the anti-invasive TEE test in the cost and evaluation of the existence or nonexistence of right to left shunt in addition to the screening method of the cerebrovascular disorder. Considering these points, TCD test could be recommended for patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke as a useful and convenient method for screening of the existence or nonexistence of a right to left shunt caused by PFO.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.12
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• pp.2344-2348
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• 2010

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) significantly deteriorates the quality of life in aged men. Uroflowmetry is a convenient non-invasive clinical test to diagnose BPH. However, the test is usually performed in the presence of a technician, which may affect the way of urination for the lack of privacy. The present study developed a wireless uroflowmeter to provide the best privacy with a user program on PC evaluating the diagnostic parameters. Pilot experiment was followed to test clinical applicability.