• 초등상담연구
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.77-94
• /
• 2011

이 연구의 목적은 "논어"에 담겨있는 '마음' 관련 내용을 추출하여 '마음의 본질'을 생각해보고 '마음의 성장과 관련된 상담 요소'를 찾아내어 초등학생용 논어상담프로그램을 개발하는데 있다. 먼저 "논어" 속 공자의 마음교육에 근간이 되는 구절 및 "논어"와 관련된 기존 연구물을 통해 "논어"에 함의된 상담 목표, 상담 원리, 상담자의 역할, 마음의 정체와 특성, 마음의 발달단계를 알아보았다. 이를 통해 초등학생의 논어상담프로그램의 상담 요소와 효과적인 방법을 선정하고 총 10회기의 프로그램을 개발하였다. 프로그램의 효과검증을 위해 음성군의 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$초등학교 고학년 아동 중 20명과 ${\triangle}{\triangle}$초등학교 20명을 각 실험집단과 통제집단으로 배치하여 실험집단의 아동에게 5주간 프로그램을 실시하였다. 연구도구는 Coopersmith(1967)의 아동용 자아존중감 검사를 재작성하여 사용한 공태수(1998)의 자아존중감 검사지와 Furman과 Bierman(1983)의 교우관계 연구에서 제작한 척도를 조성례(2001)가 재작성한 교우관계 검사지를 사용하였다. 연구결과, 논어상담프로그램에 참여한 실험집단의 아동은 자아존중감과 교우관계에 있어 통제집단과 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 "논어"에 담긴 마음 성장 관련 내용을 토대로 논어 상담이라는 새로운 상담학적 연구를 이루었다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.9-22
• /
• 2012

The most widely excavated iron artifacts used as weapons or farm tools from central southern regions of Korea were subjects of non-metallic inclusion analysis through metallographic examination, microhardness measurement, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Through metallographic interpretation and study of the analyzed results, the steel manufacturing and iron smelting using heat processing in the iron artifacts excavated from the central southern region of the ancient Korean peninsula was studied, and the analysis of the non-metallic inclusions mixed within the metallic structures was interpreted as the ternary phase diagram of the oxide to infer the type of iron ores for the iron products and the temperature of the furnace used to smelt them. Most of the ancient forged iron artifacts showed $Al_2O_3/SiO_2$ with high $SiO_2$ contents and relatively low $Al_2O_3$ contents for iron ore, indicating t hat for $Al_2O_3$ below 5%, it is presumed that magnetic iron ores were reduced to bloom iron (sponge iron) with direct-reduction process for production. The temperature for extraction of wustite for $Al_2O_3$ below 1% was found to be $1,020{\sim}1,050^{\circ}C$. Considering the oxide ternary constitutional diagram of glassy inclusions, the steel-manufacturing temperature was presumed to have been near $1,150{\sim}1,280^{\circ}C$ in most cases, and minimum melting temperature of casting iron part excavated in Daeseong-ri. Gyeonggi was near $1,400^{\circ}C$, and it is thought that hypoeutectic cast iron of about 2.3% carbon was casted and fragility of cast iron was improved by decarburizing in solid state.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제19권11호
• /
• pp.1223-1232
• /
• 2008

본 논문에서는 비공진형 협벽 도파관 슬롯 배열 설계를 위해 필요한 기준이 되는 단위 슬롯 어드미턴스를 해석적으로 추출하는 방법을 제시하였다. 충분한 개수의 동일 기울임 각을 가지는 교번 슬롯 구조에 대해, 도파관 협벽의 단위 슬롯과 단위 슬롯 양쪽에 이웃한 전송선 부분을 균일한 손실 전송선으로 근사하고, 이로부터 손쉽게 전체의 ABCD 행렬을 계산하여 전체의 시뮬레이션 또는 측정값과 비교함으로써, 손실 전송선의 복소 특성 임피던스와 복소 전파 상수를 구하고 해석 적으로 정규화 된 슬롯 어드미턴스를 추출하였다. 제안한 방법의 타당성을 입증하기 위해, 대역 협벽 도파관 슬롯 배열 설계용으로 제작된 기준 슬롯 도파관 샘플의 정규화 된 슬롯 어드미턴스를 구하고 기존의 방법으로 얻은 값과 비교하여 잘 일치함을 보였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 1988

여러가지 육가공품(肉加工品)중 특정 단백질 원료의 첨가여부를 판정하여 변조식품(變造食品)을 검출하는 한 방법으로서, 각종 육류단백질, non-meat protein, 어육(魚肉)가공품을 대상으로 disc SDS-Poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis의 사용 가능성을 실험하였다. Total protein fraction에 대한 전기영동 결과 복잡하고 많은 band를 보여 각 시료에 고유한 특성을 찾아보기 어려웠다. Low salt-soluble protein fraction에서는 total protein fraction 에서 보다 band 수가 상당히 감소함을 보였고 각 단백질 원료에 대하여 보다 고유한 band pattern을 나타내었다. Acetone-insoluble protein fraction 에서는 non-meat protein의 경우 육류단백질과 상당히 다른 경향을 나타내었고. 소세지 원료의 가열처리에 의하여 단백질의 band수와 양이 감소하였다. 따라서 적당한 단백질 추출조건(抽出條件)을 설정하여 전기영동을 실시하면, 특정(特定) 단백질을 첨가한 변조식품의 검출이 가능해질 것으로 생각된다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
• /
• 제11B권6호
• /
• pp.667-674
• /
• 2004

이미지에서 문자 추출은 영상을 이해하기 위한 가장 기초적이고 중요한 문제이다. 본 논문에서는 문자의 획 특징을 이용하는 통계적인 방법으로 문자 영역을 검증하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 $16\times16$ 크기의 텍스트와 비텍스트 이미지를 웨이블릿(wavelet) 변환하여 문자의 획과 방향성을 표현하는 35차원의 특징을 추출한다. 추출된 특징 중 변별력이 높은 특징만을 선택하여 SVM(Support Vector Machine) 분류기를 구성한다. 분류기론 이용하여 $16\times16$크기의 윈도우로 검증 영역을 스캔하면서, 각각의 윈도우를 텍스트와 비텍스트로 분류하고 최종적으로 검증 영역의 텍스트 여부를 결정한다. 제안한 방법을 적용함으로써 텍스트와 유사하여 구별하기 어려운 비텍스트 영역을 검증할 수 있었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제49권4호
• /
• pp.427-448
• /
• 2014

At present, the time of easy oil and gas is over. Now, the largest part of fossil fuels is concentrated in the deepest levels of tectonic structures and in the sea shelves. One of the most cumbersome operations of their extraction is the bore-hole drilling. In connection with austere tectonic and climate conditions, their drivage every so often is associated with great and diversified technological difficulties causing emergencies on frequent occasions. As a rule, they are linked with drill string accidents. A key role in prediction of these situations should play methods of theoretical modelling. For this reason, there is a growing need for development and implementation of new numerical methods for computer simulation of critical and post-critical behavior of drill strings (DSs). In this paper, the processes of non-linear deforming of a DS in cylindrical cavity of a deep bore-hole are considered. On the basis of the theory of curvilinear flexible rods, non-linear constitutive differential equations are deduced. The effects of the longitudinal non-uniform preloading, action of torque and interaction between the DS and the bore-hole surface are taken into account. Owing to the use of curvilinear coordinates in the constraining cylindrical surface and a specially chosen concomitant reference frame, it became possible to separate the desired variables and to reduce the total order of the equation system. To solve it, the method of continuation the solution by parameter and the transfer matrix technique are applied. As a result of the completed numerical analysis, the critical states of the DS loading in the cylindrical channels of inclined bore-holes are found. It is shown that the modes of the post-critical deforming of the DS are associated with its irregular spiral curving prevailing in the zone of bottom-hole-assembly. The possibility of invariant state generation during post-critical deforming is established, condition of its bifurcation is formulated. It is shown that infinite variety of loads can correspond to one geometrical configuration of the DS. They differ each from other by contact force functions.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제32권4C호
• /
• pp.401-410
• /
• 2007

본 논문에서는 비젼 카메라와 다중 객체 추적 방법을 이용한 실시간 수질 감시 시스템을 제안하였다. 제안된 시스템은 기존의 센서 방식의 감시 시스템과 달리 비젼 카메라를 이용해 객체를 개별적으로 분석한다. 비젼 카메라를 이용한 시스템은 영상에서 개별 객체를 분리해 내는 방법과, 연속하는 두 프레임간의 상관관계에 의해서 다수의 객체를 추적하는 방법으로 구성된다. 실시간 처리를 위해 비모수 예측을 사용하여 배경 영상을 생성하고 이를 이용해 객체를 추출한다. 비모수 예측을 이용하면 연산량을 줄이는 동시에 비교적 정확하게 객체를 추출 할 수 있다. 다중 객체 추적 방법은 개별 객체가 움직이는 방향, 속도 및 가속도를 이용해 다음 움직임을 예측하고 이를 기반으로 추적을 수행하였다. 또한 추적 성공률을 향상시키기 위해 예외처리 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 다양한 환경에서 실험한 결과 제안한 시스템은 처리 시간이 짧고 정확하게 다중 객체를 추적할 수 있어 실시간 수질 감시 시스템에 사용이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.299-312
• /
• 2006

This paper presents the results of a novel test structure for process control monitor for uncooled IR detector technology of microbolometer arrays. The proposed test structure is based on resistive network configuration. The theoretical model for resistance of this network has been developed using 'Compensation' and 'Superposition' network theorems. The theoretical results of proposed resistive network have been verified by wired hardware testing as well as using an actual 16x16 networked bolometer array. The proposed structure uses simple two-level metal process and is easy to integrate with standard CMOS process line. The proposed structure can imitate the performance of actual fabricated version of area array closely and it uses only 32 pins instead of 512 using conventional method for a $16{\times}16$ array. Further, it has been demonstrated that the defective or faulty elements can be identified vividly using extraction matrix, whose values are quite similar(within the error of 0.1%), which verifies the algorithm in small variation case(${\sim}1%$ variation). For example, an element, intentionally damaged electrically, has been shown to have the difference magnitude much higher than rest of the elements(1.45 a.u. as compared to ${\sim}$ 0.25 a.u. of others), confirming that it is defective. Further, for the devices having non-uniformity ${\leq}$ 10%, both the actual non-uniformity and faults are predicted well. Finally, using our analysis, we have been able to grade(pass or fail) 60 actual devices based on quantitative estimation of non-uniformity ranging from ＜ 5% to ＞ 20%. Additionally, we have been able to identify the number of bad elements ranging from 0 to ＞ 15 in above devices.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권10호
• /
• pp.4439-4445
• /
• 2015

Background: Because there is no clear consensus for the prognostic implication of KRAS mutations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we conducted a meta-analysis based on 12 randomized trials to draw a more accurate conclusion. Materials and Methods: A systematic computer search of articles from inception to May 1, 2014 using the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases was conducted. The enrollment of articles and extraction of data were independently performed by two authors. Results: Our analysis was based on the endpoints overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Nine records (All for OS, 7 for PFS) comprising 12 randomized trials were identified with 3701 patients who underwent a test for KRAS mutations. In the analysis of the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for OS (HR: 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-1.56) and PFS (HR: 1.33; 95% CI 1.17-1.51), we found that KRAS mutations are related to poor survival benefit for NSCLC. According to a subgroup analysis stratified by disease stage and line of therapy, the combined HRs for OS and PFS coincided with the finding that the presence of a KRAS mutation is a dismal prognostic factor. However, the prognostic role of KRAS mutations are not statistically significant in a subgroup analysis of patients treated with chemotherapy in combination with cetuximab based on the endpoints OS (P=0.141) and PFS (P=0.643). Conclusions: Our results indicate that KRAS mutations are associated with inferior survival benefits for NSCLC but not for those treated with chemotherapies integrating cetuximab.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.444-454
• /
• 2005

Recently, the requirements of multi-resolution models of a solid model, which represent an object at multiple levels of feature detail, are increasing for engineering tasks such as analysis, network-based collaborative design, and virtual prototyping and manufacturing. The research on this area has focused on several topics: topological frameworks for representing multi-resolution solid models, criteria for the level of detail (LOD), and generation of valid models after rearrangement of features. As a solution to the feature rearrangement problem, the new concept of the effective zone of a feature is introduced in the former part of the paper. In this paper, we propose a feature-based non-manifold modeling system to provide multi-resolution models of a feature-based solid or non-manifold model on the basis of the effective feature zones. To facilitate the implementation, we introduce the class of the multi-resolution feature whose attributes contain all necessary information to build a multi-resolution solid model and extract LOD models from it. In addition, two methods are introduced to accelerate the extraction of LOD models from the multi-resolution modeling database: the one is using an NMT model, known as a merged set, to represent multi-resolution models, and the other is storing differences between adjacent LOD models to accelerate the transition to the other LOD. We also suggest the volume of the feature, regardless of feature type, as a criterion for the LOD. This criterion can be used in a wide range of applications, since there is no distinction between additive and subtractive features unlike the previous method.