• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.40 no.5_6
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• pp.897-914
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• 2022

Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs) are capable of modelling information with more uncertainties in decision-making problems. The essential feature of PFSs is that they are described by three parameters: membership function, non-membership function and hesitant margin, with the total of the squares of each parameter equal to one. The purpose of this article is to suggest some new similarity measures and weighted similarity measures for PFSs. Numerical computations have been carried out to validate our proposed measures. Applications of these measures have been applied to some real-life decision-making problems of pattern detection and medicinal investigations. Moreover, a descriptive illustration is employed to compare the results of the proposed measures with the existing analogous similarity measures to show their effectiveness.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1607-1620
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• 2015

The server privilege account must be operated through law and regulation. However, due to regulation non-compliance and inadequate operation on financial company server privilege, an incident that every server data being deleted by hacker occur which is later being named as 'NH Bank Cyber Attack'. In this paper, the current operation status on financial company privilege accounts is being analysed to elicit problems and improvement. From the analysis, important evaluation factors will be also selected and applied generating the decision making model for financial company server privilege account operation. The evaluation factor deducted from privilege account status analysis will be used to present and verify the decision making model and formula through AHP(Analytic Hierarchy process).

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2016

As advance care planning is taking center stage in the field of end-of-life care, various tools have been developed to aid in the often emotional and difficult decision-making process. Video decision support tools are one of the most promising means of assistance, of which the modus operandi is to provide more comprehensive and precise information of medical procedures to patients and their families, allowing them to make better informed decisions. Despite such value, some are concerned about its potential negative impact. For example, video footages of some procedures may be shocking and unpalatable to non-medical professionals, and patients and families may refuse the procedures. One approach to soften the sometimes unpleasant visual of medical procedures is to show less aggressive or more relaxing scenes. Yet another potential issue is that the objectivity of video decision support tools might be vulnerable to the very stakeholders who were involved in the development. Some might argue that having multiple stakeholders may function as checks and balances and provide collective wisdom, but we should provide more systematic guarantee on the objectivity of the visual decision aids. Because the decision of the modality of an individual's death is the last and most significant choice in one's life, no party should exert their influence on such a delicate decision. With carefully designed video decision support tools, our patients will live the last moments of their lives with dignity, as they deserve.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2013

The research assesses the impact of a digital procurement (e-purjee) system for sugarcane growers in Bangladesh. The system itself is simple, transmitting purchase orders to local farmers via SMS text notification. It replaces a traditional paper-based system fraught with low reliability and delivery delays. Applying expected value theory, and using decision tree representations to depict growers' decision-making complexity in an information-asymmetric environment, we compute outcomes for the strategies and sub-strategies of ICT vs. traditional paper-based order management from the sugarcane growers' perspective. The study results show that the digital procurement system outperforms the paper-based system by tangibly reducing growers' economic losses. The digital system also appears to benefit growers non-monetarily, because of reduced uncertainty and a higher level of perceived fairness. Sugarcane growers appear to value the non-monetary benefits even higher than the economic advantages of the e-purjee system.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.110-138
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• 1999

This study intended to understand the factors influencing the utilization of charged retirement home services for the elderly by stage of discision making. At the same time the purpose of the study is also to present the results of this study as data for the expectation of the demand. The subject of this study was non-utilizer (635 persons) and utilizer (62 persons) of charged retirement home services over the age of sixty. Non-utilizer was selected by random sampling in urban and rural area, and utilizer was investigated by census survey in the three charged retirement home. The research method was interview survey by questionaire. The questionaire was composed of 59 items, 25 variables, 5 components. The research model was to add Andersen's Prediction Model. The components were predisposing component, enabling component, need component, actualizing component, psychologic component. The results of this study were as follows. 1)In the stage of recognizing the residence problem, the recognizer were 76.7% (487 persons) of all the non-utilizer. The factors of influencing were property (B=-4.1E-05), solidarity with children (B=-.1070), house satisfaction (B=-.2517), need of charged retirement home (B=.2614). 2)In the stage of selecting an altenative as utilizing of charged retirement home services, the selecter were 41.1% (261 persons) of all the non-utilizer. The factors of influencing were perception of charged retirement home (B=.2790), need of charged retirement home (B=.2971). 3)In the stage of decion-making, the decider were 29.6% (188 persons) of all the non-utilizer. The factor of influencing was need of charged retirement home (B=.3570). 4)In the stage of the actualization, the factors of influencing were charge ability of utilization (B=.1025), significant others (B=.1868). The upper results were implemented by using the statistical methods of frequency, t-test, $$\chi$^{2}$-test, multiple logistic regression ( and P 〈 .05 ).

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.139-142
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• 2008

Construction Management by using 4D CAD system analyzes operations information based on 3D and 4D objects. But it is difficult to provide a variety of documents linked by 4D objects in a lump from 4D CAD system based on visual object, and to get an optimal decision-making information to conduct business. Therefore, it is necessary to construct effective construction information management systems and to organize integrated information through linking non-objects to objects. This study suggests methodologies of effective construction management for railway facilities through building of framework for practical application and methodologies to link 4D objects to IETM documents. Accordingly, it is possible to establish a systematic decision-making for an effective construction management of railway facilities, and this provide integrated methodology for linking non-objects to objects.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.197-206
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate end-of-life care preferences of employees working in a university hospital. Methods: Of 650 eligible employees that were approached, 607 employees (386 nurses, 93 physicians, and 128 general staff) completed the Korean version of Preferences for Care Near the End of Life (PCEOL-K). Results: Among 5 dimensions of the PECOL-K, "Pain" was the most preferred care dimension and "Decision making by health care professional" was the least preferred care dimension. The item that received the highest mean score was "I want to let nature guide my dying and I do not want my life to be artificially prolonged in any way", and the lowest item was "I want health care providers to make all decisions about my care". As preferred care near the end of life, nurses gave lower scores to the life sustaining treatment and decision making by health care profession than physicians and general staff. Compared to physicians and nurses, general staff preferred the decision making by health care professional and by family. Conclusion: The results show that adequate pain relief is the most preferred care at the end of life among hospital employees and non-medical personnel preferred decision making by others.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.537-548
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• 2009

Consumers' price related response in the clothing purchase decision-making process includes their expectation of price, price perception, attitude toward price and consequent behaviors. The purposes of this research are to systematically organize consumers' price related responses in the clothing purchase decision-making process, and to explain the effect of price on their purchasing. The qualitative research including shopping observation and in-depth interview was conducted. The result identified stages that showed different price related responses in clothing purchase decision-making process, and clarified each stage's characteristics. In the internal search stage, consumers recalled price information from memory and had a specific expectation about the price. This set a direction for the external search. In the external search stage, consumers selected brands or stores by a non-compensatory evaluating with an expectation of the price, and narrowed these down to several determinant alternatives by actively evaluating the products. In case a sufficient amount of price information was not recalled, the consumer established reference price through the external search. Finally, in the purchasing stage, consumers evaluated the determinant alternatives based on their compensatory evaluation. When perception of price was negative, consumers evaluate price combined with the higher criteria of clothing benefits, such as symbolic value and usability. The research is expected to contribute to predicting consumers' responses to price, and to establishing an effective pricing strategy.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.43-48
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to demonstrate that non-participation of physical therapists on the political decision-making committee results in invasion of their interests. Methods: To demonstrate the effects, we analyzed the change of medical insurance score decided by the Health Insurance Policy Deliberation Committee between 2001 and 2012 years, focusing on medical examination as the interest of the participation group and physical therapy cost as interest of the non-participation group. Results: Total medical insurance cost increased by 23.72%, on average. Medical examination cost increased by 23.90% and 37.66% in medical examination for new and established patients, respectively. However, physical therapy cost was reduced by 5.01%. The medical examination cost for physical therapy without medical checkup increased by 2.62%. Conclusion: This study shows that the physical therapy cost, related on the interest of the non-participative group in the Health Insurance Policy Deliberation Committee, rather decreased while the total medical insurance cost increased.These findings demonstrate the invasion of the non-participative group on the Health Insurance Policy Deliberation Committee. Thus, aggressive participation in political decision-making committee is necessary in order to protect and increase rights and interests of Korean physical therapists.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.2941-2959
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• 2022

The fire brigade non-suppression probability model is a major factor that should be considered in evaluating fire-induced risk through fire probabilistic risk assessment (PRA), and also uncertainty is a critical consideration in support of risk-informed performance-based (RIPB) fire protection decision-making. This study developed an optimal integrated probabilistic fire brigade non-suppression model considering uncertainty of parameters based on the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach on electrical fire which is one of the most risk significant contributors. The result shows that the log-normal probability model with a location parameter (µ) of 2.063 and a scale parameter (σ) of 1.879 is best fitting to the actual fire experience data. It gives optimal model adequacy performance with Bayesian information criterion (BIC) of -1601.766, residual sum of squares (RSS) of 2.51E-04, and mean squared error (MSE) of 2.08E-06. This optimal log-normal model shows the better performance of the model adequacy than the exponential probability model suggested in the current fire PRA methodology, with a decrease of 17.3% in BIC, 85.3% in RSS, and 85.3% in MSE. The outcomes of this study are expected to contribute to the improvement and securement of fire PRA realism in the support of decision-making for RIPB fire protection programs.