• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.527-534
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• 2022

EDCC (Eco-Friendly Ductile Cementitious Composites) is a recently created class of engineered cementitious composites that exhibit extremely high ductility and elastoplastic behavior under pure tension. EDCC contains reduced amounts of cement and very large volumes of fly ash. Due to these properties, EDCC has become one of the solutions to use in seismic upgrading. This paper discloses previous studies and research that discussed the seismic upgrading of unreinforced, non-grouted, unconfined, and non-load bearing masonry walls which are called URM infill walls using the EDCC technique. URM infill wall is one of the weak links in the building structure to withstand the earthquake waves, as the brittle behavior of the URM infill walls behaves poorly during seismic events. The purpose of this study is to fill a knowledge gap about the theoretical and experimental ways to use the EDCC in URM infill walls. The findings reflect the ability of the EDCC to change the behavior from brittle to ductile to a certain percentage behavior, increasing the overall drift before collapse as it increases the energy dissipation, and resists significant shaking under extensive levels with various types and intensities.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.319-330
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• 2022

Retrofit of soft-story buildings due to seismic loads using Gap-Inclined-Brace (GIB) system is considered a new retrofit technique that aims to maintain both strength and stiffness of structure. In addition, it provides more ductility and less P-delta effect, and subsequently better performance is observed. In this paper, the effect of the eccentricity between GIB and the retrofitted column due to installation on the efficiency of the retrofitting system is studied. In addition, a modification in the determination method of GIB properties is introduced to reduce the eccentricity effect. Also, the effect of GIB system on the seismic response of mid-rise buildings with different heights considering soft-story at various heights has been studied. A numerical model is developed to study the impact of such system on the response of retrofitted soft-story buildings under the action of seismic loads. To achieve that goal, this model is used to perform a numerical investigation, by considering five case study scenarios represent several locations of soft-story of two mid-rise reinforced concrete buildings. At first, Non-linear static pushover analysis was carried out to develop the capacity curves for case studies. Then, Non-linear time history analyses using ten earthquake records with five peak ground accelerations is performed for each case study scenario before and after retrofitting with GIB. The results show that large GIB eccentricity reduce the ultimate lateral resistance and deformation capacity of the retrofitting system. Moreover, the higher the retrofitted building, the more deformation capacity is observed but without significant increase in ultimate lateral resistance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.331-342
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• 2023

Purpose - This study aims to develop a valid and appropriate method for measuring the economic value of intangible cultural resources. Design/methodology/approach - Building upon the concepts explored in many studies on the total value regulation of public goods or environmental goods, which are non-market value commodities, with a focus on the intangible cultural property Arirang, this study aims to formulate a new economic value concept for cultural resources that contributes to the overall economic total value, including non-use value. Based on this foundation, the study aim to identify and apply the most efficient model(CVM) among economic value measurement methods, as suggested by Tietenberg (2003). Findings - This involves estimating economic value through consumer behavior, encompassing the use or experience of cultural resources, as well as utilizing statements to estimate economic methods through consumer surveys. Only by presenting individual resource economic values of cultural resources in objective figures can a foundation be established for creating budgets and organizational structures to promote projects and policies. Research implications or Originality - Appropriate decisions can then be made by comparing these values with the expected costs in the management and planning process.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.597-612
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• 2003

In this paper, multi-story buildings with shear-wall structures and with narrow rectangular plane configuration are modeled as a multi-step flexural-shear plate with varying cross-section for buckling analysis. The governing differential equation of such a plate is established. Using appropriate transformations, the equation is reduced to analytically solvable equations by selecting suitable expressions of the distribution of stiffness. The exact solutions for buckling of such a one-step flexural-shear plate with variable stiffness are derived for several cases. A new exact approach that combines the transfer matrix method and closed from solution of one-step flexural-shear plate with continuously varying stiffness is presented for stability analysis of multi-step non-uniform flexural-shear plate. A numerical example shows that the present methods are easy to implement and efficient.

• Architectural research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2016

The surface design in architecture plays a role as an indicator that symbolizes cultures and styles, in accordance with the course of history and the standards of the time. The surface design that determines the facade of an architectural structure allows us to have a more clear understanding about the functions, programs and structures, as well as the periodical concept of the architects than any other components of the architecture. The purpose of this paper was to examine how architectural surface designs were realized, using commonly-used materials. This study provides meaningful implications, in that it suggests common features in terms of design methodologies (between architecture and non-architecture fields), and presented new possibilities for contemporary architectural surface designs through the classification of building system methods depending on fabric properties, and through the case study analysis of architectural surface designs; in addition, the results of this study could be utilized as basic data for future studies on the possibility of the expression of surface designs across a broader domain.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.463-477
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• 2014

The modelling approach in the case of connections in precast buildings is specific. The assembly of the constitutive parts of the connection requires the inclusion of contact definitions in the model. In addition, the material non-linearity including the influence of the spatial stress distribution should be taken into account where appropriate. Here a complex model of a beam-to-column dowel connection is presented. Experiments on the analysed connection were performed within the framework of the European project SAFECAST (Performance of Innovative Mechanical Connections in Precast Building Structures under Seismic Conditions). Several material and interaction parameters were investigated and the influence of each of them was evaluated. The set of parameters which gave the best match with the experiments was chosen.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.179-184
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• 2001

The objective of this study is to clarify the seismic capacity and the characteristics in the hysteretic behavior of RC structures with nonseismic detailing. To do this, an exterior beam-column subassemblage was selected from a 10-story RC building and 6 1/3-scale specimens were manufactured with 3 variables; ⑴ with and without slab, ⑵ upward and downward direction of anchorage for the bottom bar in beams, and ⑶ with and without hoop bars in the joint region. The test results have shown that ⑴ the existence of slab increased the strength in positive and negative moment, 25% and 62%, respectively; ⑵ the Korean practice of anchorage (downward and 25 $d_{b}$ anchorage length) caused the 8% reduction of strength and the early strength degradation when compared with the case of seismic details; and ⑶ the existence of hoop bars in the joint region does not show significant difference because the size of column is much larger than that of beam.m.

• 연구논문집
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• s.34
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• pp.1-10
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• 2004

Landfill Mining is becoming more widely used in many closed landfill sites in the world. Many of existing landfills will be excavated inevitably owing to building the clean environment with the new structures and developing the cities in cramped country. This paper aimed at the introducing the design technology of the trommel screen and its in-site applied performance of the trommel screen system through experiments , which system is under developing by one of the national project and the analysis results of influencing factors to the environment . The result of the theoretical estimation agrees well with the experimental data, so that the sorting system could be able to be applied with the requirements of the purpose of end-items. As a result of the analysis, any hazardous materials including heavy metals met the limitions of the criteria in this experiment. In geotechnical enngineering, it will. desireable to use the sorted soils mixing with another soils in accordance with the requirements of the usages.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.1015-1018
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• 2002

We show how any discrete wavelet transform or two band subband filtering with finite filters can be decomposed onto a finite sequence of simple filtering steps, which we call lifting steps but that are also known as ladder structures, We present a self-contained derivations, building the decomposition from the basic principles such as the Euclidean algorithm, with a focus on a applying it to wavelet filtering. This factorization provides an alternative for the lattice factorization, with the advantage that it can also be used in the bi-orthogonal, i.e, non-unitary case. Lifting leads to a speed-up when compared to the standard implementation. We show that this lifting scheme can be applied in image compression efficiently

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.89-101
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• 2009

This paper presents a simplified model to study post-buckling behaviours of the axially restrained steel column at elevated temperatures in fire. The contribution of axial deformation to the curvature of column section is included in theoretical equations. The possible unloading at the convex side of the column when buckling occurs is considered in the stress-strain relationship of steel at elevated temperatures. Parameters that affect structural behaviours of the axial restrained column in fire are studied. The axial restraint cause an increase in the axial force before the column buckles; the buckling temperature of restrained columns will be lower than non-restrained steel columns. However, the axial force of a restrained column decreases after the column buckles with the elevation of temperatures, so make use of the post-buckling behaviour can increase the critical temperature of restrained columns. Columns with temperature gradient across the section will produce lower axial force at elevated temperatures.