• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.659-672
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• 2016

In animated films, characters materialize narratives through acting. The narrative is an element to materialize accurate delivery of lines and emotions. The non-verbal actions should express lots of emotions and lines in scenes, and also they can be used as a way of empathy. This study analyzed the visualization factors of narrative focusing on a cat character frequently shown in animated films. For this, the visualization factors of non-verbal actions expressed in characters' personal space and dynamic space were extracted. Based on this, it aims to suggest the emotion expressing method of characters to realize effective narrative visualization. In the future, it aims to be used as reference data in case when producing non-verbal communication for 3D characters.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.180-196
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• 2020

This paper considers Japanese political interviews to integrate conversation and facial expression analysis. The behaviors of political leaders will be disclosed by analyzing questions and responses by using the turn-taking system in conversation analysis. Additionally, audiences who cannot understand verbal expressions alone will understand the psychology of political leaders by analyzing their facial expressions. Integral analyses promote understanding of the types of facial and verbal expressions of politicians and their effect on public opinion. Politicians have unique techniques to convince people. If people do not know these techniques and ways of various expressions, they will become confused, and politics may fall into populism as a result. To avoid this, a complete understanding of verbal and non-verbal behaviors is needed. This paper presents two analyses. The first analysis is a qualitative analysis that deals with Prime Minister Shinzō Abe and shows that differences between words and happy facial expressions occur. That result indicates that Abe expresses disgusted facial expressions when faced with the same question from an interviewer. The second is a quantitative multiple regression analysis where the dependent variables are six facial expressions: happy, sad, angry, surprised, scared, and disgusted. The independent variable is when politicians have a threat to face. Political interviews that directly inform audiences are used as a tool by politicians. Those interviews play an important role in modelling public opinion. The audience watches political interviews, and these mold support to the party. Watching political interviews contributes to the decision to support the political party when they vote in a coming election.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose is to investigate the types of communication between aviation industry workers and passengers according to environmental changes following the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzes the impact of verbal and non-verbal communication styles of airport staff, especially those working at airline check-in counters, on passenger satisfaction. Research Design: The research design focuses on the impact of verbal communication styles and non-verbal communication factors of airline check-in counter staff, who represent the initial point of contact with passengers among airport staff, on passenger satisfaction. The survey period for sample collection was from July 1 to July 30, 2023, and the study was conducted targeting passengers boarding aircraft through Incheon Airport and Gimpo Airport. Result: First, it is important for airport staff to recognize all passengers, especially corporate customers, as corporate customers rather than simply as individuals boarding an airplane. Second, as the importance of non-verbal expressions increases due to the impact of COVID-19, physical and verbal responses are necessary. Third, it is important to check which language the passenger understands. Conclusions: Since communication through nonverbal expressions has become more important since COVID-19, airport employees need to recognize the importance of nonverbal communication. This awareness can serve as a foundation for building trust between airport staff and passengers.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.122-132
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• 2005

CVE(Collaborative Virtual Environment)는 물리적으로 함께 모이지 못하는 사람들이 서로 의논하고, 공동으로 일할 수 있는 가상공간의 공유된 장(場)을 말한다. CVE에서 참여자들은 가상적으로 그들이 존재할 수 있게 하는 사람의 형상을 닮은 체현(體現), 즉 아바타를 통해 대표된다. 그러나 현재 가상환경에서 볼 수 있는 대부분의 아바타들은 그 아바타의 행동과 사용자간에 일어나고 있는 대화 사이의 자연스러운 관계를 나타내지 못하고 있다. 사람과 사람간의 대화에 있어서 교환되는 정보의 65% 이상이 비언어적 기호에 의해 전달된다는 점을 감안할 때, 비언어적 커뮤니케이션 채널을 CVE 시스템의 아바타에서 제공하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 아바타 제스츄어 디자인에 적용될 수 있는 비언어커뮤니케이션의 전달양식을 도출하고 사람과 사람간의 커뮤니케이션 과정에서 발생하는 대표적인 신체언어들을 언어와의 관련성에 따라 유형을 분류한 후 머리에서 발까지 신체부위별로 흔히 사용되는 동작과 그에 부합하는 언어표현들을 정리하여 제시하는 방법으로 CVE에서 사용자들이 적절한 커뮤니케이션 활동을 할 수 있도록 지원하는 아바타의 동작표현을 제안하고 있다.

• 인지과학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.157-175
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• 2010

의사소통에서 대화자 간 감정의 이해는 메시지의 내용만큼이나 중요하다. 비언어적 요소에 의해 감정에 관한 더 많은 정보가 전달되고 있기는 하지만, 텍스트에도 화자의 감정을 나타내는 언어적 표지가 다양하고 풍부하게 녹아들어 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 인간언어공학에 활용할 수 있는 감정 온톨로지를 구축할 수 있도록 그 구성요소를 분석하는 데 있다. 텍스트 기반 감정 처리 분야의 선행 연구가 감정을 분류하고, 각 감정의 서술적 어휘 목록을 작성하고, 이를 텍스트에서 검색함으로써, 추출된 감정의 정확도가 높지 않았다. 이에 비해, 본 연구에서 제안하는 감정 온톨로지는 다음과 같은 장점이 있다. 첫째, 감정 표현의 범주를 기술 대상과 방식에 따라 6개 범주로 분류하고, 이들 간 상호 대응관계를 설정함으로써, 멀티모달 환경에 적용할 수 있다. 둘째, 세분화된 감정을 분류할 수 있되, 감정 간 차별성을 가질 수 있도록 24개의 감정 명세를 선별하고, 더 섬세하게 감정을 분류할 수 있는 속성으로 강도와 극성을 설정하였다. 셋째, 텍스트에 나타난 감정 표현을 명시적으로 구분할 수 있도록, 경험자 기술 대상과 방식 언어적 자질에 관한 속성을 도입하였다. 넷째, 본 연구의 감정분류는 Plutchik의 분류와 호환성을 갖고 있으며, 언어적 요소의 기술에서 국제표준의 태그세트를 수용함으로써, 다국어 처리에 활용을 극대화할 수 있도록 고려했다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.2363-2374
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• 2016

Communication occurs through verbal elements, which usually involve language, as well as non-verbal elements such as facial expressions, eye contact, and gestures. In particular, among these non-verbal elements, gestures are symbolic representations of physical, vocal, and emotional behaviors. This means that gestures can be signals toward a target or expressions of internal psychological processes, rather than simply movements of the body or hands. Moreover, gestures with such properties have been the focus of much research for a new interface in the NUI/NUX field. In this paper, we propose a method for recognizing the number of fingers and detecting the hand region based on the depth information and geometric features of the hand for application to an NUI/NUX. The hand region is detected by using depth information provided by the Kinect system, and the number of fingers is identified by comparing the distance between the contour and the center of the hand region. The contour is detected using the Suzuki85 algorithm, and the number of fingers is calculated by detecting the finger tips in a location at the maximum distance to compare the distances between three consecutive dots in the contour and the center point of the hand. The average recognition rate for the number of fingers is 98.6%, and the execution time is 0.065 ms for the algorithm used in the proposed method. Although this method is fast and its complexity is low, it shows a higher recognition rate and faster recognition speed than other methods. As an application example of the proposed method, this paper explains a Secret Door that recognizes a password by recognizing the number of fingers held up by a user.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 1996년도 10월 학술대회지
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• pp.502-509
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• 1996

This paper is a survey on the characteristics of reduplication in Bahasa Indonesia(B1). B1 abound in reduplicated sound-symbolic expressions. like Japanes and Korean, as such reduplication is considered as one of the significant morphological processes in B1. Despite the huge number of these expressions in B1. scholarship has not hitherto paid much of attentions to their non-arbitrary characteristics nor has not explained their iconicity systematically so far. This study concerns about the needs to describe the iconic patterns of reduplication in the grammar of B1. Firstly, tense-iconicity could be shown in verbal reduplicatives. Secondly, idiomatic reduplicatives could be considered as the remnants of diachronic reduplicated sound-symbolid expressions. The iconicity of reduplication of B1 must be described in a distinct component of the grammar of B1. As one of the simple-structured languages in the world. B1 shows iconic patterns, being fundamentally language-specific, in the grammar. But at the moment, we do not have the formal lingustic tools necessary for describing iconicity. This problem could probably be solved by modifying formal conventions about rules and features.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2009

Nowadays, many robots have evolved to imitate human social skills such that sociable interaction with humans is possible. Socially interactive robots require abilities different from that of conventional robots. For instance, human-robot interactions are accompanied by emotion similar to human-human interactions. Robot emotional expression is thus very important for humans. This is particularly true for facial expressions, which play an important role in communication amongst other non-verbal forms. In this paper, we introduce a method of creating lifelike facial expressions in robots using variation of affect values which consist of the robot's emotions based on emotional boundaries. The proposed method was examined by experiments of two facial robot simulators.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2021년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.354-357
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• 2021

Infants communicate their feelings and needs to the outside world through non-verbal methods such as crying and displaying diverse facial expressions. However, inexperienced parents tend to decode these non-verbal messages incorrectly and take inappropriate actions, which might affect the bonding they build with their babies and the cognitive development of the newborns. In this paper, we propose an aural-visual two-stream based infant cry recognition system to help parents comprehend the feelings and needs of crying babies. The proposed system first extracts the features from the pre-processed audio and video data by using the VGGish model and 3D-CNN model respectively, fuses the extracted features using a fully connected layer, and finally applies a SoftMax function to classify the fused features and recognize the corresponding type of cry. The experimental results show that the proposed system classification exceeds 0.92 in F1-score, which is 0.08 and 0.10 higher than the single-stream aural model and single-stream visual model.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.295-306
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• 2020

21세기 동시대 연극은 복잡한 양상으로 전개된다. 사진과 영화 등 시각 매체의 발전은 연극의 위상에 큰 위기의식을 불러 일으켰고, 이로 인해 연극은 다른 예술보다 경쟁력을 가질 수 있는 형식에 대한 고민을 거듭함으로써 독자적인 생존전략을 모색하게 된다. 이와 같은 동시대 연극의 흐름 중에서 뚜렷하게 나타나고 있는 특징 중 하나가 바로 포스트드라마 연극이다. '현존'과 '체험'을 전면에 내세운 포스트드라마 연극 현상은 재현의 원리에 입각한 전통적인 드라마 이론을 해체시키며 세계 공연예술의 전반적인 흐름과 지형을 바꿔내고 있다. 특히, 포스트드라마 연극은 '행위자와 관객의 신체적 공동현존'을 통해 수동적인 입장에 머물렀던 관객의 역할과 위치 변화에 상당한 변화를 안겨준다. 이에 본 연구자는 최근 공연된 극단 '물결', 송현옥의 연극 <밑바닥에서>(2019)을 통해서 포스트드라마 연극 현상의 특징에 대해 고찰해보고자 한다. 본 연극은 원작을 해체하여 나타나는 텍스트(text)의 빈-공간을 오브제(object)등 다양한 시각적 요소들을 배치시킴으로써 공연 텍스트(performance)를 재구성한다. 더불어 '육체성'을 드러낸 신체언어와 '물질성'이 강조된 오브제(object)들이 꼴라쥬(collage)하며 입체적인 지각 세계를 형성해 낸다. 따라서 본고는 '시노그라피(scenography)를 통한 텍스트(text)의 해체', '신체언어와 오브제(object)의 꼴라쥬(collage)'로 나누어 연극 <밑바닥에서>에 나타난 포스트드라마 연극의 특성에 대해 고찰하는 것이 핵심이다.