• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업정보학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.135-143
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• 2000

COCOMO II 모델은 비순차적이며, 빠른 개발방법 과정 등의 새로운 소프트웨어 생명주기에 적합한 비용 모델이다. COCOMO II 모델에서 조율 방법으로 널리 사용된 최소자승 회귀분석 방법은 소프트웨어공학 데이터 셀과 가정이 위배되는 점이 있다 즉, 원시자료는 특히 서로 다른 개발조직으로부터 비용인자 등급, 노력, 크기가 수집되며 부정확하고 이상치가 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위하여 우리는 COCOMO II 모델을 가지고 상대오차를 최소화하는 모델 조율에 대한 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법의 특징은 이상치를 갖는 원시 데이터에 덜 민감한 특성을 갖고 있다. 실험결과, 제안된 새로운 조율방법 MRE가 조정된 결정계수(adj-$R^2$), 표준편차(^$\sigma$), 예측 정도( PRED(L))에서 기존의 전통적 회귀분석 방법보다 우수하게 나타났다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.79-91
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was conducted to analyze health behavior and utilization of university health clinics by college and university students. Methods: There are 376 colleges and universities in Korea as of May 2007. Of them 243 (69.6%) run health clinics in their campuses. Twenty of them were selected and 1,754 students were surveyed by using self reporting questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed by SPSS ver. 12.0. Results: Out of 1,754 students 56.5% were in good health. Of the subjects 15.6% were cigarette smokers, 30% were non drinkers, 20.8% exercise regularly, 53.7% sleep for seven to eight hours a day, 48% had proper body weight (BMI) 20-25) and 20% had physical examination in the past two years. The scores of health practices were higher in male students than female students (P 0.05). Perception rates of university clinics were higher in female students than male students. (P 0.01). Many students have intention to use the clinics (P 0.01). On health promotion program 35.2% of the subjects used clinics for emergency service, 32.8% participated in drinking control program, 32.8% in smoking cessation program, 20.4% in immunization program and 19.2% in regular health screening program. Conclusions: Comprehensive data for health behavior and need of health promotion services by the students should be collected regularly in order to meet the needs of students and faculty members in higher education institutes. The university authorities should pay more attention on the activities of health clinics in order to promote health of the students.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2020

A high quality, long-term, high-resolution precipitation dataset is an essential in climate analyses and global water cycles. Rainfall data from station observations are inadequate over many parts of the world, especially North Korea, due to non-existent observation networks, or limited reporting of gauge observations. As a result, satellite-based rainfall estimates have been used as an alternative as a supplement to station observations. The Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation (CHIRP) and CHIRP combined with station observations (CHIRPS) are recently produced satellite-based rainfall products with relatively high spatial and temporal resolutions and global coverage. CHIRPS is a global precipitation product and is made available at daily to seasonal time scales with a spatial resolution of 0.05° and a 1981 to near real-time period of record. In this study, we analyze the applicability of CHIRPS data on the Korean Peninsula by supplementing the lack of precipitation data of North Korea. We compared the daily precipitation estimates from CHIRPS with 81 rain gauges across Korea using several statistical metrics in the long-term period of 1981-2017. To summarize the results, the CHIRPS product for the Korean Peninsula was shown an acceptable performance when it is used for hydrological applications based on monthly rainfall amounts. Overall, this study concludes that CHIRPS can be a valuable complement to gauge precipitation data for estimating precipitation and climate, hydrological application, for example, drought monitoring in this region.

• 인지과학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.389-408
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• 2012

감각적 경험을 언어로 기술하면 그 경험에 관한 감각적 기억이 저하되는데, 이러한 현상을 일컬어 언어 장막(verbal overshadowing) 효과라고 한다. Schooler(2002)[1]는 언어화로 인해 정보처리 방식이 전역적 처리에서 국지적 처리로 전환되기 때문에 언어 장막이 발생한다고 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 정보처리의 전환이 실제로 일어나는가를 검증하고자 얼굴 자극에 대한 기억을 요구하고 이를 토대로 언어적 묘사를 한 직후에 전역 처리와 국지 처리를 비교할 수 있는 Navon 과제를 실시하였다. 얼굴 재인 과제에서는 참가자들에게 외워야 하는 얼굴을 제시한 후 그 얼굴에 대한 언어화를 요구하였으며, 얼굴 재인 과제를 수행한 직후에 Navon 과제를 수행하도록 하였다. 그 결과, 얼굴 재인 과제에서는 언어화를 한 묘사 집단에서 언어화를 하지 않은 통제 집단보다 낮은 재인률을 보이는 언어 장막 효과가 나타났다. Navon 과제에서는 통제 집단이 전역수준의 정보가 국지 수준의 정보보다 우세하게 처리되는 전역 선행성(global precedence)을 보인 반면에, 묘사 집단은 전역 수준의 정보보다 국지 수준의 정보를 더 우세하게 처리하는 국지 선행성을 보였다. 이는 얼굴을 언어화함으로써 정보처리의 방식이 전역적인 방향에서 국지적인 방향으로 전환되고, 그 결과로서 얼굴에 대한 재인이 손상된 것임을 시사한다.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-39
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• 2006

Many real world cases in material failure analysis do not follow perfectly the normal distribution. Forcing of the normality assumption may lead to inaccurate predictions and poor product quality. We examine the failure process of the internal bond (IB or tensile strength) of medium density fiberboard (MDF). We propose a forced censoring technique that closer fits the lower tails of strength distributions and better estimates extremely smaller percentiles, which may be valuable to continuous quality improvement initiatives. Further analyses are performed to build an accelerated common-shaped Weibull model for different product types using the $JMP^{(R)}$ Survival and Reliability platform. In this paper, a forced censoring technique is implemented for the first time as a software module, using $JMP^{(R)}$ Scripting Language (JSL) to expedite data processing, which is crucial for real-time manufacturing settings. Also, we use JSL to automate the task of fitting an accelerated Weibull model and testing model homogeneity in the shape parameter. Finally, a package script is written to readily provide field engineers customized reporting for model visualization, parameter estimation, and percentile forecasting. Our approach may be more accurate for product conformance evaluation, plus help reduce the cost of destructive testing and data management due to reduced frequency of testing. It may also be valuable for preventing field failure and improved product safety even when destructive testing is not reduced by yielding higher precision intervals at the same confidence level.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.484-492
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• 2011

Purpose: The aims of study were; (1) to evaluate the validity and sensitivity of a fall-risk assessment tool, and (2) to establish continuous quality improvement (CQI) methods to monitor the effective use of the risk assessment tool. Methods: A retrospective case-control cohort design was used. Analysis was conducted for 90 admissions as cases and 3,716 as controls during the 2006 and 2007 calendar years was conducted. Fallers were identified from the hospital’s Accident Reporting System, and non-fallers were selected by randomized selection. Accuracy estimates, sensitivity analysis and logistic regression were used. Results: At the lower cutoff score of one, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 82.2%, 19.3%, 0.03%, and 96.9%, respectively. The area under the ROC was 0.60 implying poor prediction. Logistic regression analysis showed that five out of nine constitutional items; age, history of falls, gait problems, and confusion were significantly associated with falls. Based on these results, we suggested a tailored falls CQI process with specific indexes. Conclusion: The fall-risk assessment tool was found to need considerable reviews for its validity and usage problems in practice. It is also necessary to develop protocols for use and identify strategies that reflect changes in patient conditions during hospital stay.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.511-528
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• 2015

창의적 잠재력이 실현된 재능으로 발달하는 과정은 복합적이고 비선형적이다. 이러한 특성은 단기적으로 어떤 문제를 해결해야 하는 상황에서보다 장기적으로 창의적인 삶을 살아가야 하는 과정에서 더욱 두드러진다. 본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 창의적 과정 이론 중 하나인 Sawyer의 Zigzag 모델을 토대로 창의성 경로 척도(CPI: Creativity Path Inventory)를 개발하고 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였다. 이에 모델의 각 단계 특성을 반영한 8요인 88문항을 개발하였으며, 문항분석과 구인 타당도 검증 과정을 통해 최종 7요인(생각해내기, 배우기, 궁금해하기, 도전하기, 되돌아보기, 구현하기, 연결하기) 38문항을 확정하였다. CPI 전체 38문항의 내적 합치도는 .835로 나타나 신뢰로운 척도임이 확인되었고, 최종 모형의 적합도 지수 역시 양호한 결과를 보였다. 신뢰도와 타당도가 입증된 CPI는 일상적 창의성의 관점에서 창의성을 발현하고자 하는 사람들이 자신의 강점과 약점을 스스로 점검함으로써 자기계발을 할 수 있도록 도움을 줄 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.6333-6336
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• 2012

The burden of cancer is growing globally and is one of the top leading causes of death. Information on cancer patterns are essential for effective planning of cancer control interventions. There is limited published information available on pattern of cancer for the state of Odisha, India. The present study was an attempt to explore the pattern and trend of cancer in Odisha. To fulfill the objectives retrospective data available from 2001-2011 at Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Center (AHRCC), Cuttack, Odisha, were analyzed. Medical records of cancer patients were reviewed and relevant information on diagnosis, primary site and demographic data were retrieved. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 16.0 (SPSS Inc.). A total of 74,861 cancer inpatients were registered at AHRCC for the years 2001-2011. The proportion of females outnumbered males with female:male ratio 1.1:1. The number of female cases increased four folds and that of males three fold over the period studied. Malignancies such as oral cancer (16.93%), acute lymphocytic leukemia/non Hodgkins lymphoma (14.09%) and cancer of gastrointestinal tract (21.07%) are leading cancers among males and carcinomas of breast (28.94%), cervix (23.66%) and ovary (16.11%) were leading among females. Findings from this study indicate an overall increase in cancer reporting which could be regarded as proxy measure for overall cancer situation in Odisha. There is scope and need for integrating other government hospitals, existing private health service providers and research institutions across the state for better planning of cancer control program.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2018

Background: Treatment of distal humerus fractures in osteoporotic elderly patients is often challenging. For non-reconstructible fractures with open reduction and internal fixation, total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is an acceptable alternative. However, the relatively high complication rates and lifelong activity restrictions make TEA less ideal for elderly or low-demand patients. Efforts to identify or develop alternate procedures that benefit relatively young, high-demand patients have resulted in increased interest in hemiarthroplasty. This systematic review reports the clinical outcomes of hemiarthroplasty for distal humeral fractures. Methods: We systematically reviewed the databases of PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library. All English-language studies published before June 2017 were considered for possible inclusion. Search terms included 'distal humerus fracture' and 'hemiarthroplasty'. Studies reporting outcomes (and a minimum of 1 year clinical follow-up) in human subjects after hemiarthroplasty (Latitude system) for distal humeral fractures were assessed for inclusion. Patient demographics, clinical and radiographic outcomes, and complications were recorded, and homogenous outcome measures were analyzed. Results: Nine studies with a total of 115 patients met the inclusion criteria. Among the included studies, the weighted mean follow-up time was 35.4 months. Furthermore, the weighted mean of the postoperative range of motion ($107.6^{\circ}$ flexion-extension, $157.5^{\circ}$ for pronation-supination) and functional outcomes (Mayo elbow performance scores: 85.8, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score: 19.6) were within the acceptable range. Conclusions: Our study indicates that hemiarthroplasty is a viable option for comminuted distal humerus fracture. Satisfactory functional outcomes were observed in most patients.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.120-133
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• 2018

Purpose: A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate effectiveness of education programs using video recording and feedback in the improvement of competency in clinical skills for health care majors. Methods: Six databases were searched and inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or non-randomized controlled trials (NRTs) reporting level of skill competency using numerical measurements. Data analysis and synthesis were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software and Revman program. Results: Of 1,568 records, 11 studies met inclusion criteria. Statistically significant effectiveness of education programs using video recording and feedback was identified. A low risk of bias was detected among both RCTs and NRTs. Meta-analysis showed that the intervention groups had more effective improvements in skill competency (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.33~1.16). Results of subgroup analysis showed higher effects when interventions dealt with one skill, used self-reflection with expert feedback, and included instruction from instructor in the education programs. Conclusion: Findings suggest that schools for health care majors should actively adopt video and feedback based skill training allowing educators to design effective programs. Potential is higher for students to achieve higher competency when they train with one skill at a time, use of instruction and receive feedback from experts.