• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.199-203
• /
• 1998

Acute hemodynamic effects of CJ-18513, a non-peptide angiotensin IIreceptor antagonist, were examined in mongrel dogs treated with high frequency ventricular pacing for one week. Rapid ventricular pacing reduced mean blood pressure (mBP), Lvdp/dt and cardiac output (CO), and increased the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). Continuous infusion of CJ-10513 at doses of 10 and 20$\mu$g/kg/min, respectively, for 30 minutes reduced mBP, LVEDP and myocardial oxygen consumption rate (MVO,) and shifted the cardiac function curve (CO-LVEDP ourve) to the left in this dog model. In conclusion, CJ-10513 decreased the preload and afterload and increased the cardiac function in dogs with pacing-induced heart failure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제24권11호
• /
• pp.1081-1089
• /
• 1991

Atrial fibrillation is characterized by beat to beat irregularity of shape, size, conduction time and polarity. The mechanism of atrial fibrillation can be explained by so called "Multiple wavelet theory". The adverse effect of atrial fibrillation is the decrease of cardiac output by absence of atrial kick[10 ~ 15%] and the possibility of thrombosis in the left atrium which is dangerous to develop the thromboembolism is increased. The present study was designed to assess the effect of overdrive pacing on the suppression of recurring of atrial fibrillation after open heart surgery and the results were summarized as follows: 1. There were no significant differences of factors between converting patients and non-converting patients to normal sinus rhythm by electric cardioversion after open heart surgery. 2. Among converting patients to normal sinus rhythm, there were no significant differences of factors between study group and control group. 3. Cardiothoracic Ratio on the preoperative chest film was significantly larger in the patients of recurring atrial fibrillation within 72hrs than in the patients of maintaining normal sinus rhythm. [61.7$\pm$ 1.4% vs 67.7$\pm$2.4%, p=0.03] 4. There was a significant difference of suppressive effects between overdrive pacing group and control group among recurred cases until 24, 48, and 72hours [Fisher`s exact test ; p=0.037, p=0.076, p=0.53, respectively] 5. There was a difference of the delay of recurring of atrial fibrillation between study group and control group among recurred cases within 72 hours.[53.4$\pm$6.9hr vs. 19.3$\pm$3.8 hr, p<0.01] We think that the overdrive pacing may suppress the natural pacemaker and the converted normal sinus rhythm is maintained longer than control group during critical immediate postoperative period.ve period.

• 대한치매학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.90-99
• /
• 2018

Background and Purpose: To explore anatomic substrate of specific wandering patterns in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) by performing positron emission tomography with $^{18}F$ fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET). Methods: Drug-naïve AD patients with wandering (n=80) and without wandering (n=262) were recruited. First, the specific pattern of wandering type was operationally classified according to specific wandering score and clinical assessment. Second, brain FDG PET was performed and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake differences of specific brain regions according to wandering patterns were compared to those of non-wanderers. Results: In patients with pacing pattern, FDG PET showed significant lower FDG uptake in both middle cingulum and left putamen cluster compared to non-wanderers. The right precuneus and supplementary motor area in patients with random pattern and left calcarine sulcus, right calcarine sulcus, right middle cingulum, and right post central gyrus in patients with lapping pattern had significantly lower FDG uptake compared to non-wanderers. Conclusions: This study showed that wandering in patients with AD had three distinct patterns. These specific patterns showed significant lower FDG uptake in specific brain areas compared to non-wanderers.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 청소년의 사회적 기업가정신 교육을 위한 온라인 게이미피케이션 콘텐츠를 개발하고, 효과성을 검증하는 것이 목적이다. 연구 진행을 위해 청소년 사회문제 해결 교육 프로그램인 아그작 교실을 구글스프레드시트로 개발했다. 개발된 콘텐츠의 효과성을 분석하기 위해 A 지역 중학생 1378명의 설문 결과를 분석했다. 연구결과에 따르면, 온라인 콘텐츠가 오프라인 콘텐츠보다 사회문제와 미래인재 이해에 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 게이미피케이션을 적용한 온라인 교육 콘텐츠를 사용한 교육활동의 지속가능성을 제언한다.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.62-75
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND: Due to its location very close to the bundle of His, mitral annulus calcification (MAC) might be associated with the development of atrioventricular (AV) conduction disturbances. This study assessed the association between MAC and AV conduction disturbances identified by cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) use and electrocardiographic parameters. The association between MAC and traditional cardiovascular risk factors was also assessed. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed 14,771 participants, predominantly men aged 60-75 years, from the population-based Danish Cardiovascular Screening trial. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were obtained. Using cardiac non-contrast computed tomography imaging, MAC scores were measured using the Agatston method and divided into absent versus present and score categories. CIED implantation data were obtained from the Danish Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Register. A 12-lead electrocardiogram was available for 2,107 participants. Associations between MAC scores and AV conduction disturbances were assessed using multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS: MAC was present in 22.4% of the study subjects. Participants with pacemakers for an AV conduction disturbance had significantly higher MAC scores (odds ratio [OR], 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.23) than participants without a CIED, whereas participants with a CIED for other reasons did not. Prolonged QRS-interval was significantly associated with the presence of MAC (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.04-2.04), whereas prolonged PQ-interval was not. Female sex and most traditional cardiovascular risk factors were significantly associated with high MAC scores. CONCLUSIONS: MAC was associated with AV conduction disturbances, which could improve our understanding of the development of AV conduction disturbances.

• 대한임상독성학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.133-138
• /
• 2021

Glufosinate-containing herbicides is a non-selective herbicide commonly used worldwide. As the use of them increased gradually since paraquat was banned in 2012, the number of suicides by their ingestion is also increasing continuously. Complications of glufosinate-containing herbicide poisoning include various central nervous system (CNS) toxicities such as convulsions, loss of consciousness, memory impairment, and respiratory depression, which may be accompanied by hemodynamic changes such as bradycardia and hypotension. However, it is very rare that arrhythmias other than bradycardia occurred and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy was combined due to cardiotoxicity. A 71-year-old female patient was transferred to our hospital after ingesting 500 mL of glufosinate-containing herbicide and receiving 5 L of gastric lavage at a local hospital. A few hours later, she presented stuporous mentality, respiratory depression, and convulsions, and was accompanied by hypotension and bradycardia. On the second day of admission, electrocardiogram (ECG) showed bradycardia and QTc prolongation with hemodynamic Instability. Accordingly, we conducted the early treatment with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and the application of temporary cardiac pacemaker. An echocardiogram demonstrated decreased ejection fraction (EF) and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy on the third day of admission. Then, she was discharged safely with conservative treatment. At the follow-up after 1 year, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, EF and QTc prolongation were recovered on echocardiogram and ECG. Because cardiac toxicity after glufosinate-containing herbicide poisoning may cause life-threatening consequences, caution is required while treating the patient. Therefore, if electrocardiogram changes are seen in the elderly with a large amount of glufosinate herbicide ingestion, additional cardiac function test through echocardiography should be concerned, and early treatment through CRRT or artificial cardiac pacing should be considered.

• Korean Circulation Journal
• /
• 제52권12호
• /
• pp.865-875
• /
• 2022

Background and Objectives: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an effective treatment for heart failure. However, in pediatric and congenital heart disease (CHD) patients, current adult indications cannot be directly applied because of heterogeneity in anatomy and diagnosis. Therefore, CRT responses and clinical outcomes in these patients were investigated to derive possible candidates for CRT. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 16 pediatric and CHD patients who underwent CRT implantation at a single center in early (0.7±0.2 year) and late (4.7±0.3 years) follow-up period after CRT. Results: The median age at CRT implantation was 2.5 (0.3-37.2) years, and median follow-up duration was 6.3 (0.1-13.6) years. Thirteen had non-transvenous CRT. Two had congenital complete atrioventricular (AV) block with previous right ventricular pacing, 5 had dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with left bundle branch block, and 9 had CHD. The mean ejection fraction of the systemic ventricle increased from 28.1±10.0% to 44.3±21.0% (p=0.003) in early and 51.8±16.3% (p=0.012) in late outcome. The mean functional class improved from 3.1±0.9 to 1.8±1.1 after CRT (p=0.003). Twelve patients (75%) showed improvement in ventricular function or functional class after CRT. Proportion of responders differed between patients without CHD (2/2 patients with complete AV block and 5/5 with DCM, 100%) and those with CHD (5/9, 56%), although statistical significance was not reached (p=0.088). Conclusions: CRT improved ventricular function and functional status according to the underlying condition in pediatric and CHD patients. However, further large and longer-term studies are needed to establish the guideline for the patient selection of CRT in these patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.467-473
• /
• 2004

배경: 심방세동의 수술적 치료 방법인 미로술식에 있어 고주파에너지를 이용한 절제술은 전통적인 절개 및 봉합술 (cut and saw) 또는 냉동절제술(cyroablation)에 비해 술 후 동율동의로의 전환율이 낮은 것으로 알려져 있다. 이는 절제술 시 심방벽 (atrial wall)과 도자 간의 접촉이 원활하지 않아 심방의 전층에 걸쳐 고주파 에너지가 전달되지 않기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 이에 고주파 절제시 심방과 도자간의 접촉을 원활하게 하기 위한 기구를 개발하였으며 동물실험을 통하여 그 임상적인 효과를 관찰하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 60 kg 내외의 돼지 10 마리를 대상으로 하였다. 우심방이 첨부로부터 3∼4 cm 하방의 심방외벽에 고주파에너지를 가하여 우심방이가 우심방에서 완전히 분리되도록 원형의 병변 (circumferential lesions)을 만들었다. 이때 실험군(n=5)에서는 새로 고안한 기구를 이용하여 도자를 심방벽에 완전히 밀착시킨 후 고주파 에너지를 가하였으며, 대조군(n=5)에서는 이러한 기구의 사용 없이 통상적인 방법으로 에너지를 가하였다. 고주파절제술이 끝난 후 우심방이 첨부에 인공심장박동 전극을 설치하고 심박동을 유발하여 고주파 절제부위 이하로 심박동이 전달되는지를 관찰하여 절제술의 성공 여부를 판단하였다. 또한 심방조직에 대해 조직학적 검사를 시행하여 심외막, 심근, 그리고 심내막층에 고주파에너지에 의한 열손상의 생성 유무를 관찰하였다. 결과: 실험군에서 5예, 대조군에서 3예 등 총 8예에서 심박동의 전달 차단 (conduction block)이 관찰되었으며 조직학적 검사 소견상 심내막(endocardium)에서 탄성섬유(elastic fiber)의 소실과 급성 염증세포의 축적 등 급성 열손상의 소견이 관찰되었다. 한편 심박동의 전달 차단이 관찰되지 않았던 대조군의 2예에서는 심내막이 정상으로 나타났다. 또한 기관 및 식도에 대한 조직학적 검사에서 열손상에 의한 병변은 관찰되지않았다. 결론: 고주파에너지에 의한 절제술 시 심방의 전층에 병변을 만들기 위해서는 심장과 도자간의 접촉이 가장 중요한 인자로 생각된다. 본 연구에서 새로 개발한 기구는 고주파에너지를 이용한 도자절제술 시 심장과 도자 간의 확고한 접촉을 유도하여 심방 전층에 병변을 만드는 데 매우 효과적이었으며 이러한 기구의 사용은 향후 고주파에너지를 이용한 미로술식의 성적향상에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.