• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 1989

The present study investigated characteristics of Korean hourehelds in the expanding stage of the family life cycle depending on decision-making of current and planned credit card use. Households which were selected for this study had at least one dependent child enrolled in primary, middle, or high school, 1998. Regarding current and planned credit card use, credit card holder (n=379) and non-holder (n=259) households and continuous (n=331) and discontinous (n=47) credit card holder households were compared. Comparisons were perfomed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, and X2-test. Related factors were households demographic characteristics, financial management behavior, perceived financial well-being, and attitudes toward credit cards. Findings indicated that holder households tended to be younger, better educated, white-collar workers, and of a higher economic status than non-holders. In comparison to non-holder households, credit card holder households had more favorable atti udes toward credit cards, reported more financial management practices, experienced less financial unbalance, and were more satisfied with their household finaces. Compared to discontinuous credit card holder households, continuous card holder households tended to be larger, have better educated wives and husbands, and have husbands who were white-collar workers. They were more likely to have higher average monthly income than discontinuous holder households. Continuous card holder households also had more favorable attitudes toward credit cards, and more strongly believed and expected financial improvement of their households, compared to discontinuous card holder households.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.107-124
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• 2005

ERP systems are comprehensive sorfware packages that seek to integrate the complete range of lbusiness processes and functions in order to present a heuristic perspectives of a firm from a single information and information technlogy architecture. The ERP systems have delicate internal controls with built-in devices. It is known that the delicate internal controls help to enhance the accounting transparency. We empirically investigate the relationship between the ERP systems inplementations and an accounting transparency. In order to measure the accounting transparency differences, we compare the ERP systems implementation firms with firms which did not implement the ERP systems by 6 financial ratios (accruals, net profit margin, operation cash folo to sales, total debt to equity, accounts receivable changes, assets quality). Data are collecte from 135 firms implemented the ERP systems and 135 firms non-implemented the systems (the firms listed in the Korea Stock Exchange). We analyze financial statements from 270 firms for the period 2001-2003 to ezamine the 6 financial ratios differences. The results of 810 firms analyses over the 3-year period indicate that the ERP systems implementation firms show the statistically significant differences in the accrual ratio, the net profit margin ratio, operating cash flow to sales ratio, and total debt to equity ratio from the ERP systems non-implementation firms. But there is statistically no differences between the two groups for accounts receivable changes to sales ratio and assets quality.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-20
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• 2007

Most researches on the corporate credit rating are generally classified into the area of bankruptcy prediction and bond rating. The studies on bankruptcy prediction have focused on improving the performance in binary classification problem, since the criterion variable is categorical, bankrupt or non-bankrupt. The other studies on bond rating have predicted the credit ratings, which was already evaluated by bond rating experts. The financial institute, however, should perform effective loan evaluation and risk management by employing the corporate credit rating model, which is able to determine the credit of corporations. Therefore, this study presents a corporate credit rating method using business failure probability map(BFPM) and AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process). The BFPM enables us to rate the credit of corporations according to business failure probability and data distribution or frequency on each credit rating level. Also, we developed AHP model for credit rating using non-financial information. For the purpose of completed credit rating model, we integrated the BFPM and the AHP model using both financial and non-financial information. Finally, the credit ratings of each firm are assigned by our proposed method. This method will be helpful for the loan evaluators of financial institutes to decide more objective and effective credit ratings.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.260-270
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• 2013

This paper proposes a strategic portfolio model for managing performance of online games. The portfolio matrix is composed of two dimensions: financial performance and non-financial performance. Financial performance is measured by the conventional measure, average revenue per user (ARPU). In terms of non-financial performance, five non-financial key performance indicators (KPIs) that have been widely used in the online game industry are utilized: RU (Register User), VU (Visiting User), TS (Time Spent), ACU (Average Current User), MCU (Maximum Current User). Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is then employed to produce a single performance measure aggregating the five KPIs. DEA is a linear programming model for measuring the relative efficiency of decision making unit (DMUs) with multiple inputs and outputs. This study employs DEA as a tool for multiple criteria decision making (MCDM), in particular, the pure output model without inputs. Combining the two types of performance produces the online game portfolio matrix with four quadrants: Dark Horse, Stop Loss, Jack Pot, Luxury Goods. A case study of 39 online games provided by company 'N' is provided. The proposed portfolio model is expected to be fruitfully used for strategic decision making of online game companies.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.591-599
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• 2021

The increased risk in financial firms, due to Global Financial Crises and high international trade activities, has encouraged banks to use derivatives for both managing their financial risk and earning non-operating income simultaneously. The present study brings new evidence in the existing literature by determining the drivers behind financial derivative usage in Pakistani banks for 2011 till 2016. Moreover, the paper examines how risk plays a moderating role in determining the relationship between derivative usage and bank value. While assessing the determinants, a two-stage test has conducted, first, the logit regression was used to test the drivers behind the derivative usage in banks. Second, Tobit regression was run to analyze the factors leading to determine the extent of derivative usage. The findings demonstrate that Pakistani banks are using derivatives for both risk management and speculative motive as they are customers and users of derivatives at the same time. Empirical results, regarding moderating role of risk on the value implications of derivative usage, provide mixed findings as derivative usage gives value premium in case of non-systematic risk and foreign exchange risk. Whereas value discounts have been observed for cases where systematic risk is high and managers try to earn non-operating income from speculative activities.

• Journal of the Korea Management Engineers Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.143-158
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• 2018

It is also difficult for SMEs to pursue their own innovation activities due to their limited resources and capabilities. There are various government support policies for small and medium enterprises to enhance the competitiveness of the nation by improving sustainability management based on productivity improvement of SMEs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that are important for the external support by the government and the related organizations in the machinery industry participating in the industrial innovation movement and identify the appropriate measures within and outside the organization. The results of this study are as follows: First, the higher the innovation commitment quality of the SMEs in the machinery industry, the more positive the non - financial performance. Second, the higher the quality of support from the headquarter, which has comprehensive responsibility for external support, the more positive the non - financial performance of participating companies. Third, it was concluded that the role quality of the consultant did not significantly affect the non - financial performance of participating companies in the machinery industry. Fourth, as the financial performance of the firm is better, the financial performance is also positively improved.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.109-116
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• 2020

The study examines the nexus between financial development and economic growth in India during Q1: 1996 to Q3: 2018. This study employs time-series data of real GDP and ratio of broad money to GDP as a proxy for economic and financial development, respectively. The data are obtained from RBI database on the Indian economy. All variables are seasonally adjusted using X12-arima technique and expressed in natural logarithm form. Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) bound test has been used to check for cointegrating relationship of these two variables. Empirical findings suggest that, unlike in the short run, in the long run financial development does impact economic growth positively. Further, a symmetric effect of positive and negative components of financial development is found for the Indian economy, whereas the effect of control variable like exchange rate and trade openness is in consonance with common economic intuition. Exchange rate is in consonance with intuitive economic logic that a fall in exchange rate makes exports cheaper and increases the quantity of export, which improves the balance of payment and leads to a rise in aggregate demand, hence improves economic growth. This paper contributes to the existing literature on India by breaking down financial indicator into positive and negative components to examine the finance-growth relationship.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.139-150
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• 2021

The financial system is a relatively important sector in the economy of a country. Its role in providing access to financial services to people is able to support a better economy. The main problem in this financial system is caused by the barriers that prevent individuals or companies from accessing these financial services. This study aims to empirically analyze the relationship financial inclusion and financial system stability in ASEAN 4 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and The Philippines). Financial inclusion proxied by the financial inclusion through credit variable and other banking variables such as the number of financial services access, banking asset, and financial system stabilization is seen from banking performance through non-performing loan and Z score instruments. Empirically, the study uses panel data in the form of annual data for 2005-2016. The method used Panel VAR. The result shows that financial inclusion affects the stability of the financial system in ASEAN 4. This indicates that financial development through financial inclusion can encourage stability of the financial system in ASEAN 4. In this globalization era, the integrated financial system is increasing, this research shows the importance of developing financial inclusion by eliminating barriers to financial exclusion.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.2870-2881
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• 2014

In this study, I empirically analyzed the factors affecting export performance with domestic ICT companies. I set up 3 variables - companies' factors, marketing factors and factors of export supporting system - as the factors affecting export performance, based on findings of precedent studies; and I set up non-financial performance as a dependent variable. As a result of analysis, I found out that companies' factors(market orientation of CEO, competitiveness in export, experience of export) and marketing factors(diversification of overseas market, barriers to marketing), among the variables affecting export performance, were the variables affecting non-financial performance, set up as the export performance; but the factors of awareness, availability and difficulty, set up as the detail factor among factors of export supporting system, do not affect non-financial performance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.31-46
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• 2019

As the importance of venture firms has increased as a new growth engine, the South Korea government makes various efforts to establish healthy ecosystems for ventures and start-ups. Especially in order to foster the competitiveness of venture firms, various support policies such as financial and R&D expenses are being expanded and promoted. In this study, the author analyzed the impact of government funding on venture firms' internal competencies and management performance by using the resource-based theory. Moreover, this study tested the moderation effect of firm's growth stages. Unlike previous studies, this study focused on qualitative rather than quantitative aspects of internal competencies and the financial and non-financial performance are used to measure the management performance of the ventures to examine the effects of government funding for venture firms in more details. For the purpose of verifying the hypothesis of this research, "The Research On The Precision Status Of Venture Firms" in 2017 from the Ministry of Small and Medium Business was utilized, which has been compiled since 1999. According to the results of this study, the government funding experience did not significantly affect the company's internal competencies and financial performance, but had a significant impact on the non-financial performance, which in turn seemed to have a significant effect on the financial performance. In addition, it was found that the technology, price, design, and quality competencies affected non-financial performance, while the organizational management and marketing competencies did not. However, the price, design, organizational management, and marketing competencies affected financial performance, while the technology competency was not. Finally, there were no differences in the effectiveness of government funding, depending on the growth stages.