• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2003

An effort was made to assess comparative production performance in broiler chickens fed diets containing solvent extracted cottonseed meal (CSM) processed from BT and Parental Non-BT lines. Processed meal of national check and commercial produce cottonseeds were also used for comparison. The free gossypol contents were 0.02, 0.02, 0.44 and 0.03% in meals of BT, Parental Non-BT, national check and commercial produce cottonseeds, respectively. Day-old broiler chicks (n=243) were divided to 27 groups of 9 each. Nine dietary treatments (iso-nitrogenous, 23% CP and iso-caloric, 2,800 kcal ME/kg) were formulated viz., D1 (control, soybean meal-SBM based), D2 and D3 (BT CSM at 10% of diet with and without additional iron), D4 and D5 (non-BT CSM with and without additional iron), D6 and D7 (national check CSM with or without additional iron), and D8 and D9 (commercial produce CSM with or without additional iron at 2 ppm for every 1 ppm of free gossypol, respectively). Each dietary treatment was offered to three replicated groups up to 6 weeks of age. At the end of 6 weeks of age, 10 birds were taken out randomly from each treatment and were sacrificed to study carcass traits, organs' yield and histo-pathological changes in vital organs. The broiler chickens received CSM processed from BT (D2, 1,753 g and D3, 1,638 g) and Parental Non-BT (D4, 1,653 g and D5, 1,687 g) with or without additional Fe grew at same rate as observed in soybean meal (solvent ext.) based diet (D1, 1,676 g). The feed intake and feed conversion efficiency (feed: gain) in these dietary treatments (BT, non-BT line based diets) also did not differ significantly (p>0.05) from control diet. Similar observation was also observed in dietary treatments (D8 and D9) containing solvent extracted cottonseed meal of commercial produce origin. However, a decrease (p<0.05) in body weight gain and feed intake was observed in D6 containing national check CSM with high gossypol content. Addition of Fe in the diet (D7) improved (p<0.05) feed intake and weight gain but not to the extent as observed in diets containing BT, parental non-BT, and commercial produce CSM or control. However, any type of CSM did not affect feed conversion efficiency when fed with or without additional iron. The carcass characteristics in terms of dressing percentage, liver weight and heart weight was not significantly (p>0.05) different between the treatments. The eviscerated yields emanated from diets containing either BT, non-BT or commercial produce were statistically similar to control. However, eviscerated yield of broilers fed national check CSM with or without iron supplementation was lower (p<0.05) than BT cotton with Fe supplementation and commercial produce CSM. The study envisaged that BT, parental non-BT and commercial produce solvent extracted cottonseed meal can be included at 10% in soybean meal based broiler diet replacing soybean meal and rice bran without additional iron.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.387-392
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• 1995

Though a variety of non-conventional feedstuffs have been successfully evaluated in research stations in Asian countries, there had been little adoption of these technologies at the small farm level. The methodology and results of three separate on-farm trials evaluation the possible use of some non-conventional feedstuffs in broiler diets under small farm conditions in Sri Lanka are reported in this paper. In all trials, the commercial mash, that in normally used in the farms, served as the control. In trials 1 and 2, 5 and 10% cassava leaf meal, respectively, was substituted (w/w) for the commercial mash and fed to broilers for six weeks. In trial 3, several non-conventional feedstuffs (cassava leaf meal, rubber seed meal, ipil ipil leaf meal and died poultry manure) were substituted (w/w) for the commercial mash at levels of 15-20%. The results demonstrated that these non-conventional feed resources can be used in broiler diets under small farm conditions, with no adverse effects on performance. The salient features of on-farm animal research are highlighted.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.288-293
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• 2010

In this study, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) was evaluated in commercial personal computer (PC) rooms with different separation types of non-smoking areas. The particulate matter less than 2.5 ${\mu}m$ ($PM_{2.5}$) level was simultaneously measured by aerosol spectrometers in the non-smoking and smoking areas of these commercial PC rooms. Average $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations in non-smoking and smoking areas were $75\;{\mu}g/m^3$ and $136\;{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. Although the $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations in non-smoking areas were significantly less than those in smoking areas (p<0.01), the levels still exceeded the US National Ambient Air Quality Standard of $35\;{\mu}g/m^3$. Average $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations in non-smoking areas were not significantly different with regard to area separation type, with $73\;{\mu}g/m^3$ in the no-wall type, $83\;{\mu}g/m^3$ in the wall-type, and $39\;{\mu}g/m^3$ in the separated-floor-type areas (p>0.1). Separation of the non-smoking area thus did not eliminate SHS exposure in commercial PC rooms, regardless of the type of area separation. This study demonstrates that simple separation of non-smoking areas in commercial PC rooms does not protect users from SHS.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.539-549
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• 2021

This study aims to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditures and both financial and non-financial performance of Jordanian commercial banks during the period 2008-2018. To measure the variables of interest, secondary data published on Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) website were processed to become preliminary data suitable for the nature of the study. The study sample amounted to 13 commercial banks, which represent all Jordanian commercial banks listed on ASE.. The study found that there is a positive, statistically significant relationship between CSR expenditures and financial performance, as the study showed that the return on equity (ROE) has a positive and significant relationship with CSR expenditure, while the return on assets (ROA) and Tobin's Q model have a statistically significant negative relationship with CSR expenditure, while the market stock price (MSP) had a positive, but not statistically significant. The study also found that there is a positive, statistically significant relationship between CSR expenditures and non-financial performance, which was represented by total deposits and total training expenditures in Jordanian commercial banks. Accordingly, the study recommends encouraging banks to prepare sustainability reports and CSR reports, which are considered comprehensive, and not only with disclosures within the annual reports.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.41-57
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• 2020

본 연구는 인플루언서의 컨텐츠 포스팅 전략이 매출에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 특히, 소셜 미디어 플랫폼에서 인플루언서의 역할이 홍보에만 국한된 것이 아닌 판매자로서 확대됨에 따라 어떤 종류의 컨텐츠를 어떻게 인플루언서가 제공해야 하는 지에 대해 분석하였다. 인플루언서가 물건을 홍보 및 판매하여 소비자가 공동구매("공구")하게 되는데, 이 공구가 시작되기 전 제품에 대해 홍보할 수 있는 기간을 전략 기간이라고 명명하였다. 이 전략 기간 내에 인플루언서는 상업적인 컨텐츠와 비상업적인 컨텐츠를 업로드 할 수 있다. 따라서, 매출에 영향을 주는 컨텐츠의 종류는 무엇인지, 어떤 전략 기간에 업로드를 해야 효과적인 지를 분석할 필요가 있다. 이러한 효과들은 인플루언서의 팔로워 숫자에 따라 달라질 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 본 연구는 계량적으로 상업적인 컨텐츠와 비상업적인 컨텐츠가 전략 기간과 인플루언서의 영향력에 따라 매출에 미치는 영향이 달라짐을 실증하였다. 결론적으로, 인플루언서의 역할이 판매자로 확대됨에 따라 상업적 컨텐츠가 비상업적 컨텐츠보다 매출에 유의한 영향을 주었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히, 팔로워 수가 많은 인플루언서는 상업적인 컨텐츠의 업로드 횟수가 중요하였으며, 팔로워 수가 적은 인플루언서에게는 상업적인 컨텐츠의 질이 중요하다는 것을 확인하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2021

As expansion of interest income business faces several limitations, non-interest revenue can play a vital role in increasing the net profit margin and the productivity of the assets to sustain the growth rate. This study aims to analyze the Effect level (partial or total) of a bank's size on the relationship between non-interest revenue and the sustainable growth rate of Jordanian commercial banks. Baron and Kenny's methodology (1986) was adopted to test and analyze the effect of non-interest revenue: including the bank's size, on the sustainable growth rate during the period from 2008-2019. Data collection was done for thirteen commercial banks which constituted 100% of the study population. Testing four hypotheses by using Amos program and a regression model to diagnose the partial and total effect of size. Findings indicate that there is a nonlinear relationship between Non-IR and SGR due to the total effect of bank size on the sustainable growth rate. The results of this study is expected to enable the banks to diversify their revenue to support financial performance towards healthy growth without facing additional financial problems. This study adopted a different methodology from the prior efforts, by using the mediation effect role to verify the effect of non-interest revenue.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
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• pp.939-944
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• 2001

For the application of simultaneous $DeSO_{2}\;&\;DeNO_{x}$ equipment using non-thermal plasma process to the industrial and power plants, the many types of plasma device and process were studied. The e-beam and pulsed plasma corona discharge process are outstanding for the study to apply commercial large-scale plant from among these. In this paper, non-thermal plasma of technical trends and the characteristics of system developed by Doosan heavy industries & construction Co., Ltd. are explained. We have researched pulsed plasma corona discharge process since 1994. At the basis of reasonable results for the pilot plant, we constructed the demonstration plant at a domestic coal-fired power plant in 1999, as the previous step for commercial use. In near future, enough information about designs and costs of commercial-size system will be obtained.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.223-232
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• 2015

본 연구는 고령 운전자의 안전의식에 영향을 미치는 요인을 비교분석하였다. 이를 위하여 대전, 세종, 충남 북 지역에서 영업용과 비영업용 차량을 운전하는 노인 307명을 조사대상자로 하였다. 본 연구에서 자료분석을 위하여 PASW Statistics 18.0을 이용하였다. 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영업용 차량 운전자와 비영업용 차량 운전자의 안전의식 수준은 각각 6.49(SD=1.66)와 6.93(SD=1.42)로 나타나 비영업용 차량의 운전자가 유의미하게 더 높은 것으로 나타났다(t=-3.847, p<.001). 둘째, 조사대상자의 안전의식에 영향을 미치는 요인은 각 집단별로 크게 다른 것으로 나타났다. 영업용 차량 운전자의 안전의식에 영향을 미치는 요인은 안전지향동기, 경제상태, 일일 운전시간, 감각추구성향, 결혼상태 순으로 나타났다. 반면에, 비영업용 차량 운전자의 안전의식에 영향을 미치는 요인은 안전지향동기, 건강상태, 사고 경험 유무, 감각추구성향 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과에 기초하여 영업용과 비영업용 차량을 운전하는 노인들에 대해 집단별로 안전의식을 향상하고, 교통사고를 방지할 수 있는 몇 가지 실질적인 방안을 제시하였다. 나아가 고령화가 급격히 진행되는 한국에서 노인 교통복지의 정책방향을 재정립하는데 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of skincare & obesity clinics, customer satisfaction with franchise and non-franchise skincare & obesity clinics and customer selection criteria in the region of Busan in a bid to suggest some of the right directions for marketing strategies for the inauguration of skincare & obesity clinics. The subjects in this study were 240 users of 16 different skincare & obesity clinics selected from Busan. Out of the clinics, four franchise clinics and four non-franchise clinics were selected from the major commercial districts, and four franchise clinics and four non-franchise clinics were selected from the residential areas. Concerning the influence of three leading factors on customer satisfaction, all the service price, material service and human service had a significant impact on customer satisfaction in the franchise model for the commercial districts. In the case of the franchise clinics in the residential areas, only service price exerted a significant influence on customer satisfaction. In terms of the non-franchise model for the commercial districts, customer satisfaction was under the significant influence of human service and material service, and that was significantly affected by human service and service price in the non-franchise model for the residential areas.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.235-244
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• 2024

A nonthermally sterilized raw apple vinegar was manufactured using an ultra-fine filtration process (0.2 ㎛ membrane filter) and its quality was comparable to commercially available vinegar products. First, using apple concentrate as a raw material, it was possible to produce non-thermal sterilized Using a two-stage fermentation process of alcohol and acetic acid fermentations, a non-thermally sterilized raw apple vinegar with pH 2.94 and an acidity of 6.20% was produced from an apple concentrate. The fermentation process increased the browning index significantly. However, the fundamental quality parameters of the non-thermal sterilized raw apple vinegar (A) with sterilized apple vinegar (B) did not differ significantly. The pH (2.92-2.95) of apple vinegar (A and B) was higher than that (pH 2.65-2.70) of commercial vinegar (C and D), and the total acidity, which is in the range of 6.20-6.21% and 6.53-6.90%, respectively, was higher in samples C and D than in samples A and B. However, four kinds of organic acids were detected in non-thermal sterilized raw apple vinegar (A), and its total organic acid content (6,245.00 mg%) was significantly higher than that of other samples (B, C, D) (p<0.05). In particular, malic acid content, as a main organic acid in apples, was very high in sample (A) (244.83 mg%) and sample (B) (210.21 mg%), compared to commercial products C (125.78 mg%) and D (86.90 mg%). The total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of fermented apple vinegar (A, B) were more than twice as high as those of commercial products (C, D). Vinegar A had higher total polyphenol content than vinegar B. The above results suggest it is possible to manufacture and commercialize non-thermal sterilized raw apple vinegar with higher organic acid content and antioxidant properties using ultra-fine filtration.