• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 2003

It has been considered that high Na intake, and low Ca/K intake are related to the incidence of hypertension. In this preliminary study, dietary Na, K, and Ca intake and their urinary excretion in rural area in Kyungpook province were measured to recognize the relationship between those blood pressure-related minerals and blood pressure regulation in elderly people in rural area of South Korea. Sixty eight subjects (male 39, female 29) aged over 60 were randomly selected in rural area in South Korea. Blood pressure and soup saltness were measured, and dietary intake using 24 hours recall and urinary excretion of Na, K and Ca were measured. Depending on the blood pressure level, the data were analyzed using non-parametric ANOVA of Kruskal Wallis analysis on the basis of categorizing of one of four blood pressure groups, such as normal, high normal, hypertension I and hypertension II. Mean systolic (124.2$\pm$15.1 mmHg) and diastolic (79.0$\pm$10.2 mmHg) blood pressures were within the normal range. Soup saltiness and systolic pressure was positively correlated (p < 0.05). Even without statistical significance, dietary Na intake was higher in the upper systolic blood pressure groups then in the lower ones, which suggested higher Na intake caused the increase of blood pressure. No consistency was shown between the urinary concentration of Na, K, Ca level and blood pressure level, respectively. From the results of this study, it is assumed that high Na intake might be related to the incidence of hypertension. Further study with large sample size is needed to supplement the limitation of this preliminary study. (Korean J Nutrition 36 (1) : 75-82, 2003)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.303-313
• /
• 2019

After a disaster happens in urban areas, many people need support for a quick evacuation. This work aims to develop a method for the calculation of the most feasible evacuation route inside buildings. In the methodology we simplify the geometry of the structural and non structural elements from the BIM (Building Information Modeling) to store them in a spatial database which follows standards to support vector data. Then, we apply the multicriteria analysis with the allocation of prioritization values and weight factors validated through the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), in order to obtain the Importance Index S(n) of the elements. The criteria consider security conditions and distribution of the building's facilities. The S(n) is included as additional heuristic data for the calculation of the evacuation route through an algorithm developed as a variant of the $A^*$ pathfinding, The experimental results in the simulation of evacuation scenarios for vulnerable people in healthy physical conditions and for the elderly group, shown that the conditions about the wide of routes, restricted areas, vulnerable elements, floor roughness and location of facilities in the building applied in the multicriteria analysis has a high influence on the processing of the developed variant of $A^*$ algorithm. The criteria modify the evacuation route, because they considers as the most feasible route, the safest instead of the shortest, for the simulation of evacuation scenarios for people in healthy physical conditions. Likewise, they consider the route with the location of facilities for the movement of the elderly like the most feasible in the simulation of evacuation route for the transit of the elderly group. These results are important for the assessment of the decision makers to select between the shortest or safest route like the feasible for search and rescue activities.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.21-38
• /
• 2019

This study starts from the question, "Are people of the age 60 and over equally 'old?' "As the aging population has rapidly become a global issue, it is a timely question to think about whether it is appropriate to classify people aged 60 and over as senior citizens monolithically based on their chronological age. Thanks to the advancement of medical technology and ever-increasing life expectancy, there may be more differences than we thought in terms of cognitive and behavioral patterns among the elderly population. In order to further investigate this question, this study focuses on technology acceptance behavior of 132 participants over the age of 60 towards a wearable healthcare device. The results show that there were interesting behavioral differences among participants depending on their cognitive capabilities. More specifically, participants with high cognitive capability (Superagers) consider the usefulness and the social aspects (social norm and image) of using wearable healthcare technology. Whereas for those with relatively low cognitive capability (non-Superagers), usefulness of using the technology was not a significant factor, and they mainly considered social norm and image. Our findings imply that the current monolithic application of chronological age to classify the elderly population should be carefully reconsidered because people aged over 60 years old may not always share homogeneous cognitive and behavioral patterns.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.314-325
• /
• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pet dog-assisted activities on self-esteem, depression and cognitive function of elderly people Method: The experimental group(pet dog-assisted group) consisted of 22 people over 65 years old out of about 90 elderly people registered with a home for the aged and the control group(non-pet dog assisted group) consisted of 22 people over 65 years old out of about 90 elderly people registered with another home for the aged in Daegu. Both groups had similar general characteristics, state of health, conduct on health and self-esteem, depression and cognitive abilities. Nineteen people who participated in the program at least 10 times out of 12, were chosen for the final analysis from the experimental group. For the control group, 20 people who responded to all three tests, which had been conducted before, 1 week after, and four week after the experiment, were analyzed. Result: Mean(${\pm}SD$) differences between before and 1 week after the experiment for self-esteem, depression, and cognitive function were 5.84(${\pm}3.06$), -3.26(${\pm}1.76$), 1.47(${\pm}1.26$), respectively. Those between before the experiment and 4 weeks after the experiment was 5.68(${\pm}3.64$), -3.94(${\pm}2.32$), 1.63(${\pm}0.96$), respectively. Those for control group between before and after the experiment were -0.40(${\pm}1.27$), 0.00(${\pm}0.92$), 0.15(${\pm}0.93$), respectively. Those for control group between before and 4 weeks after the experiment were -0.45(${\pm}2.24$), 0.25(${\pm}1.68$), 0.15(${\pm}0.93$), respectively. All the differences between experiment and control group in mean differences between before and 1 week after experiment, between before and 4 weeks after experiment were statistically significant(p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that the pet-assisted activities can be useful solution for elderly people who have psychological and emotional problems caused by retrogression of physical, mental and social ability.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.64 no.4
• /
• pp.163-188
• /
• 2012

This study examines recent trends in income inequality among the elderly in Korea. Aggregate income inequality trends are explained by examining evidence from inequality index decomposition by population subgroup and by income source. Data come from Korean Labor and Income Panel Study(KLIPS). The results are as follows. First, elderly income inequality increased from 1999 to 2002, and then decreased until 2008. Second, household composition changes appear to have disequalizing influence. The proportion of elderly people who are economically dependent on non-elderly family member or living with adult children has declined. Equalizing influence of private transfers also decreased between 2002 and 2008. These results indicate that the redistributive role of family has weakened over time. Third, the improvement of education level and changing occupational structure among the elderly household head contributed to increase in elderly income inequality. Fourth, earning's factor share has declined steadily, and the diminishing role of earnings provides equalizing influence on elderly income inequality from 2002 to 2008. Fifth, the impact of recent expansion of social insurance has changed over time. Inequality contribution of social insurance income increased from 1999 to 2002, and then decreased from 2002 to 2008.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2022

Article 10 of the Constitution All citizens have dignity and values as humans and have the right to pursue happiness. There is a need for support measures such as a means to realize the respect of dignity and values as humans, and how to efficiently maintain policies on welfare for the elderly classified as the socially disadvantaged. It was considered necessary to develop an elderly-friendly city for economic, physical, and social life. Dasan Jeong Yak-yong's respect for adults was to practice the ideology of Confucianism, so this was the most important thing in the past Joseon Dynasty. In particular, it was considered important to think of adults first in practicing filial piety.This study focuses on the long-term care insurance system for the elderly, one of the welfare policy measures for the elderly. The significance of implementing the long-term care insurance system for the elderly is to benefit not only the elderly, but also all generations, including the middle-aged and children who were in charge of long-term care. To this end, the government should properly manage the factors of the social insurance financial crisis caused by the low birth rate and aging population.In addition, concerns about health insurance are high, so it is necessary to secure an appropriate level of government budget for health insurance financial management and minimize unnecessary non-benefit. In addition, it is necessary to induce appropriate medical use through connection with construction medical insurance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.94-103
• /
• 2015

This study analyzes the influence factors on elderly pedestrian accident. Elderly people are easy to be badly injured by car accidents compared to younger people. Therefore, various plans and measures are required to protect elderly pedestrian from accidents. However, pedestrian accidents studies only focused on microscopic factors such as attribute of driver, pedestrian, road design. In order to prevent pedestrian accident and reduce the severity of the accident, not only microscopic factors but macroscopic variables such as urban planning and facility should be considered. In this regard, this study develops an ordered probit model introduced the characteristics of urban facility which were not considered in the previous studies. The result shows that there is higher level of accident severity in such areas as large commercial area, well-developed area with transportation infrastructure service and non-pedestrian safety zone. Thus, various and appropriate countermeasures should be prepared in order that pedestrian accident can be prevented in the areas mentioned above. In addition to the aforementioned variables, it is revealed that other variables including vehicle speed, gender and age of pedestrian, weather condition, type of vehicle, etc. partly affect the severity of pedestrian accident.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2006

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of foot reflexion massage on sleep disturbance, depression disorder, and the physiological index of the elderly in nursing homes. Method: The research design was a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study. The subjects in this study were 50 elderly people who resided in two different nursing homes in the same region. An experimental group and a control group were organized with 25 subjects respectively, and foot reflexion massage was provided for 12 sessions, 30 minutes per session. The selected dependent variables were sleep disturbance, depression disorder, and physiological indices(blood plasma serotonin, serum cortisol), which were all measured before and after foot reflexion massage was offered. Data analysis included $x^{2}$-test, t-test, paired t-test, and ANCOVA, using the SPSS program package. Result: 1. The experimental group improved sleep quality more than the control group. 2. The experimental group had less depression disorder than the control group. 3. The experimental group had higher serotonin levels than the control group. Conclusion: It's necessary to give foot reflexion massage as a successful nursing intervention to elderly who undergo a change in sleep, and suffer from a depression disorder due to a deterioration in sleep.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.346-360
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of home-visiting nutrition education for the elderly with high fasting glucose level in an urban community. The study subjects were 40 elderly people, whose information on general characteristics, anthropometric measurement, biochemical indices, nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude, dietary habit, food intake and nutrient intake were obtained at baseline. The education group received 6 weekly visits of home-visiting nutrition education from 15 March to 25 April 2004. In the baseline-survey, the education group and non-education group showed no differences in their general characteristics, health-related characteristics, anthropometric measurements, biochemical indices, nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitudes, dietary habits, and food and nutrient intake levels. The difference of mean change of nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude and dietary habit after home-visiting nutrition education had been studied. The nutrition knowledge score increased by 1.4 in the education group; however, those in the non-education group which increased by 0.4, thus, the differences of mean change were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The nutrition attitude score increased by 1.2 in the education group; however, those in the non-education group decreased by 0.4, thus, the differences of mean change were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The dietary habit score increased by 1.7 in the education group; however, those in the non-education group decreased by 2.8, thus, the differences of mean change were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The difference of mean change of anthropometric indices and biochemical indices in education group and the non-education group was not significant. Looking over the zcereals and their products, vegetables, seaweeds, meats and their products, and fish than the non-education group. The MAR increased by 0.06 in the education group; however, that in the non-education group increased by 0.01, thus, the differences of mean change were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The differences of mean change of fasting blood glucose and biochemical indices after home-visiting nutrition education were studied. Fasting blood glucose decreased by 7.6 mg/dL in the education group; however, in the non-education group which increased by 0.4 mg/dL, the difference of mean change was not significant (p = 0.051). The above findings suggest that home visiting nutrition education increases the nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude, as well as, it is effective to change dietary habits. If the education period is extended, not fasting blood glucose improvement was insignificant, but fasting blood glucose improvement ability could be found by changing dietary habits.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.214-220
• /
• 2019

Hearing impaired people are apt to be in danger because they can't detect danger with sound. Hearing impaired people have less risk-detection ability than non-disabled people because of lack of hearing. There are many devices to help the hearing impaired, such as hearing aids. A hearing aids can be helpful, but it may not be available depending on the degree or type of hearing loss for example, to the hearing-impaired people with little remaining hearing of high frequencies, ordinary hearing aids are not very useful for understanding the high frequency consonants and it requires a high cost, from thousands to tens of thousands of dollars. Also, it is difficult for the underprivileged, such as the low-income bracket and the elderly, to use them because they are difficult to manage. Therefore, this paper describes the development of low-cost wearable device to assistant a hearing-impaired people using Arduino. Also, it accepts values from switches or sensors and can control external electronic devices such as LEDs and motors to create objects that can interact with the environment. In this is paper, through sound sensors, the ambient sound was taken as an analogue value and transmitted to the aduino board, and the vibration motor was operated when the noise was generated, so that the user could be aware of the occurrence of danger.