• 센서학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2005

A silicon-based micro-reactor to amplify small amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has been fabricated using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of DNA requires a precise and rapid temperature control. A Pt sensor is integrated directly in the chamber for real-time temperature measurement and an infrared lamp is used as external heating source for non-contact and rapid heating. In addition to the real-time temperature sensing, PCR needs a rapid thermocycling for effective PCR. For a fast thermal response, the thermal mass of the reactor chamber is minimized by removal of bulk silicon volume around the reactor using double-side KOH etching. The transparent optical property of silicon in the infrared wavelength range provides an efficient absorption of thermal energy into the reacting sample without being absorbed by silicon reactor chamber. It is confirmed that the fabricated micro-reactor could be heated up in less than 30 sec to the denaturation temperature by the external infrared lamp and cooled down in 30 sec to the annealing temperature by passive cooling.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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• pp.257-259
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• 2002

In investigating the characteristics of a neural network, the use of planar microelectrode array shows several advantages over normal intracellular recording[1]. A transparent indium tin oxide(ITO) multi-electrode array(MEA) was fabricated and its top surface was insulated with photodefinable polyimide(HD-8001) except the exposed area for interfacing between the ITO electrodes and the neuronal cells. The exposed ITO electrodes were platinized in order to reduce the impedance between the electrodes and electrolyte. The one-minute platinization with $0.99nA/{\mu}m^2$ current density reduced the average impedance of the electrodes from $2.5M\Omega\;to\;90k\Omega$ at 1kHz in normal ringer solution. Cardiac cells were cultured on this MEA as a pilot study before neuron culture. The signals detected by the platinized electrodes had larger amplitudes and improved signal to noise ratio(SNR) compared to non-platinized electrodes. It is clear that microelectrodes need to have lower impedance to make reliable extracellular recordings, and thus platinization is essential part of MEA fabrication. Burst spike of cultured olfactory bulb was also detected with the MEA having platinized electrodes.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.1
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• pp.280-283
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• 2004

This paper discribes the design concept, fabrication process and measuring result of 2.5kV Gate Commutated Thyristor devices. Integrated gate commutated thyristors(IGCTs) is the new power semiconductor device used for high power inverter, converter, static var compensator(SVC) etc. Most of the ordinary GTOs(gate turn-off thyristors) are designed as non-punch-through(NPT) concept; i.e. the electric field is reduced to zero within the N-base region. In this paper, we propose transparent anode structure for fast turn-off characteristics. And also, to reach high breakdown voltage, we used 2-stage bevel structure. Bevel angle is very important for high power devices, such as thyristor structure devices. For cathode topology, we designed 430 cathode fingers. Each finger has designed $200{\mu}m$ width and $2600{\mu}m$ length. The breakdown voltage between cathode and anode contact of this fabricated GCT device is 2,715V.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2005

3D virtual endoscopy has been used as an alternative non-invasive procedure for visualization of hollow organs. However, due to computational complexity, this is a time-consuming procedure. In this paper, we propose a fast volume rendering algorithm based on perspective ray casting for virtual endoscopy. As a pre-processing step, the algorithm divides a volume into hierarchical blocks and classifies them into opaque or transparent blocks. Then, in the first step, we perform ray casting only for sub-sampled pixels on the image plane, and determine their pixel values and depth information. In the next step, by reducing the sub-sampling factor by half, we repeat ray casting for newly added pixels, and their pixel values and depth information are determined. Here, the previously obtained depth information is utilized to reduce the processing time. This step is recursively performed until a full-size rendering image is acquired. Experiments conducted on a PC show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the rendering time by 70- 80% for bronchus and colon endoscopy, compared with the brute-force ray casting scheme. Using the proposed algorithm, interactive volume rendering becomes more realizable in a PC environment without any specific hardware.

• 영어영문학
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.217-234
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• 2008

Norman Mailer is one of the American writers who dramatize sensual pleasure in order to show how American idealism ends up being trapped and corrupted. The most remarkable cases are the tragic heroes of Scott Fitzgerald and the tough characters of Ernest Hemingway; while the former describes the victim of sensual pleasure, the latter brings the sensuality out from the darkness into 'the clean and well-lighted place.' In one of his most successful experimental fiction writings called 'New Journalism,' Mailer portrays the battle between the liberal left and the conservative right in the demonstration of 1967. Mailer achieves two things in this new technique. First, he demystifies the traditional epistemology grounded in the neutral and transparent narration and suggests that every narration can not escape mediation by a narrator. Secondly, he demonstrates that there is no clear distinction between good and bad. Rather, Good is nothing but a disguised form of Evil, and God is feasible only through the courageous action borrowed from Evil. In this technological world, devil is more powerful and attractive than God. This paper assumes the materiality of courage and focuses on the phenomenology of war carried out not from soul but from body, not from the consciousness but from the materiality.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.65-86
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• 2021

This study aims to develop a hanbok design method in response to recent changes in consumption trends that emphasize new aesthetic and cultural values, which contrast with the existing cultural order and repetitive normative styles in fashion designing. With this in mind, our study explores the main features of deconstruction fashion design as a theoretical guide for developing a methodology for deconstruction hanbok design, on the basis of which new, experimental and creative hanbok design works can be produced. To do this, we first investigate current trends in hanbok design and changing concepts of Korean fashion design through literature review of previous studies. Secondly, we explore deconstructionism and analyze its features to lay down the foundation for a post-modern approach in hanbok design. As the result of analysis, the main features of deconstruction fashion design are summarized as the following: 1) non-finishing, 2) decomposing and recomposing, 3) recycling, 4) transparent, 5) grunge, 6) flattening, and 7) exaggeration. Based on the identified core features of deconstruction fashion design, we develop a creative method of hanbok design in the context of modern Korean fashion design. Finally, we show five design outputs via a 3D digital fashion design process using the CLO3D software program.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.369-372
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• 2010

평판 디스플레이(flat panel display)의 크기가 커짐에 따라 다양한 기판을 이용한 제조 방법이 개발되고 있다. 디스플레이 제조 공정 중 기판의 결함을 찾아서 분류하는 검사 시스템은 최종 제품의 품질을 결정하는 매우 중요한 부분이다. 본 연구는 머신비전 기술을 이용하여 불투명하고 반사율이 높은 기판 표면의 결함을 찾아내고, 이 결함을 스크래치(scratch), 흑결함(dark defect), 백결함(white defect)으로 분류하는 장치를 구현하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 구현하기 위해 본 논문에서는 정밀 스테이지(stage)와 라인 카메라(line CCD camera)을 이용한 광학계를 활용하여 검사 시스템을 구현하였다. 구축된 시스템을 이용하여 취득한 이미지를 12 개의 영역으로 등분하여 각각의 국부 영역에 대한 문턱값 연산(thresholding)을 적용함으로써 조명의 불균일을 의한 검출 에러율을 획기적으로 낮추었다. 간단한 컴퓨터비전 알고리듬의 채용으로도 검사 시스템의 구현이 가능함을 보였다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.358-377
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• 2023

During the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments around the world implemented non-pharmaceutical interventions. For these policy interventions to be effective, authorities engaged in the political discourse of legitimising their activity to generate positive public attitudes. To understand effective COVID-19 policy, this study investigates public attitudes in South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States and how they reflect different legitimisation of policy intervention. We adopt a big data approach to analyse public attitudes, drawing from public comments posted on Twitter during selected periods. We collect the number of tweets related to COVID-19 policy intervention and conduct a sentiment analysis using a deep learning method. Public attitudes and sentiments in the three countries show different patterns according to how policy interventions were implemented. Overall concern about policy intervention is higher in South Korea than in the other two countries. However, public sentiments in all three countries tend to improve following implementation of policy intervention. The findings suggest that governments can achieve policy effectiveness when consistent and transparent communication take place during the initial period of the pandemic. This study contributes to the existing literature by applying big data analysis to explain which policies engender positive public attitudes.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.324-326
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• 2016

In this study, we have investigated indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO) as an active channel for non-volatile memory (NVM) devices. The electrical and memory characteristics of NVM devices using multi-stack gate insulator SiO2/SiOx/SiOxNy (OOxOy) with Si-rich SiOx for charge storage layer were also reported. The transmittance of ITZO films reached over 85%. Besides, ITZO-based NVM devices showed good electrical properties such as high field effect mobility of 25.8 cm2/V.s, low threshold voltage of 0.75 V, low subthreshold slope of 0.23 V/dec and high on-off current ratio of $1.25{\times}107$. The transmission Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy of SiOx charge storage layer with the richest silicon content showed an assignment at peaks around 2000-2300 cm-1. It indicates that many silicon phases and defect sources exist in the matrix of the SiOx films. In addition, the characteristics of NVM device showed a retention exceeding 97% of threshold voltage shift after 104 s and greater than 94% after 10 years with low operating voltage of +11 V at only 1 ms programming duration time. Therefore, the NVM fabricated by high transparent ITZO active layer and OOxOy memory stack has been applied for the flexible memory system.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.277-291
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• 1996

The structures of the egg envelope in fertilized eggs of three species of characidae, head and tail light fish (Hemigrammus ocellifer), black tetra (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi), and buenos aires tetra (Hemigrammus caudovittatus) were studied using light and electron microscopes. The fertilized eggs in all species were colorless, transparent, spherical and non-floted type. The egg envelopes have a single micropyle resembling the pathway of sperm in the area of the animal pole. The micropyle was surrounded by protruded lines of the egg envelope in a radiated form. Egg envelopes of fertilized eggs in both head and tail light fish and buenos aires tetra consisted of three distinct layers; an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer. And that of blacktetra consisted of two layers; an outer layer and an inner layer. Also, an outer layers of both head and tail light fish and black tetra were adhesive types but, in that of buenous aires tetra was non-adhesive type. An outer surface of egg envelope in black tetra was arranged by pores regularly. In that of head and tail light fish and buenos aires tetra have a rough side. An inner layer of egg envelope in fertilized eggs consisted of lamellae alternating with interlamellae of lower electron density; an inner layer of fertilized eggs in head and tail light fish consisted of three layers, that of black tetra was four layers, and that of buenos aires tetra was five layers.