• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.368-377
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• 2011

In this study, we analyzed the relationship between noise and air pollution from 6 residential sites from 6 districts in Seoul. The survey of all noise date obtained from 6 sites were also compared between road and nonroad area and between active (06:00-22:00) and inactive time bands (22:00-06:00). Comparison of the data between two time bands indicates that their differences are not large enough. On the other hand, if comparison of data is made by correlation analysis for road and non-road areas, strong correlations between noise levels and air pollution tend to be prevalent consistently in road area relative to the non-road area. In contrast, a correlation between noise levels and air pollution tends to decrease at the road area in inactive period relative to active period.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1507-1518
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• 2020

High-quality images have a lot of information, so sensitive data is stored by encryption for private company, military etc. Encrypted images can only be decrypted with a secret key, but the original data cannot be retained when attacked by the Shear attack and Noise pollution attack techniques that overwrite some pixel data with arbitrary values. Important data is the more necessary a countermeasure for the recovery method against attack. In this paper, we propose a random number generator PingPong256 and a shuffling method that rearranges pixels to resist Shear attack and Noise pollution attack techniques so that image and video encryption can be performed more quickly. Next, the proposed PingPong256 was examined with SP800-22, tested for immunity to various noises, and verified whether the image to which the shuffling method was applied satisfies the Anti-shear attack and the Anti-noise pollution attack.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.25-32
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• 2005

In China, environmental noise policies are composed of correlated laws adopted by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and promulgated by the President of the country, regulations promulgated by the State Council and/or local government, standards issued by the Standardization Administration Committee (SAC) under the State Council. The laws mainly include the 'Environmental Protection Law' and the 'Law on Prevention and Control of Pollution From Environmental Noise' Regulations are often applied to a special noise pollution phenomenon of wide influence. They are generally only effective in a given area and/or a specific period. Tens of correlated standards specify the noise level limits of different functional zones of land use and of different equipment, machines, devices, appliances etc., and the measurement methods. In this presentation, a brief introduction to these policies and their operations is given and discussed. The conclusion is that the policies supply an effective legislative basis for environmental noise prevention and control in China, but still a lot of work should be conducted and completed to strive for a quiet society.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.60-68
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• 1993

The noise and vibration generated by the subway rolling stocks operated along the Seoul Subway Line No.1, 2, 3, and 4 lead to a controversy of pollution problem especially in residential areas. However, there is no data or guide to define the damage or provide adequate protection against such pollutions. The field measurements were made to characterize the noise attenuation due to distance, noise level distribution around the subway track of the aboveground and underground parts of each Line. The assessment criteria and methods are considered in addition to the practical available noise control methods. The noise level measured at Line No. 1 and 3 are less than 60 dB(A) with no pollution problem. Only a part of the aboveground section of Line No.2 and 4 indicates severe noise pollution. The effective boundary of these areas exposed to 70dB (A) noise are within 50m from the track centerline of No.2 line and 25m of No.4 line. The residents file a strong complaints whenever the noise level exceeds the 80dB (A) , and an occasional complaints between 70 to 80 dB(A). The distribution of high level noise of 80 dB(A) occurs within 25m from the track centerline of the overbridge, 12.5m of the short steel bridge, and about loom of the long steel bridge such as Dangsan Bridge. The intermediate noise level of 70 to 80 dB(A) is recorded within 50m from the overbridge, U-type retaining structure, and short steel structure, and 280m from the long steel bridge. The results presented in this paper can be used to understand the characteristics of the noise pollution along the Seoul Subway now In operation, and used as a guide to improve the existing noise pollution problems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Professional Engineer Association Conference
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• 1983.12a
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• pp.74-77
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• 1983

To attain the rich and comfortable human living, much development and economic growth are needed. But the radical development destroys natural environments or resources, and also the life environments are destroyed. How to maintain the balance between development and environments forms an important problem. Since 1955, a great deal of damage has been done to human being by the pollution of air, water or noise in Japan, for example, Minamata-byo (1956), arsenical poisoning by mkil (1955), Cd-I taiitai-byo (1955), asthma by air pollution, etc. Now, there are over 100,000 sick persons suffering from pollution in Japan. To prevent the pollution, the first act was made 1967, the kind of which were defined as follow:air, water, soil, noise, vibration ground subsidence, and bad smell. Laws on these were established 1970∼1981, and the environments here ave gradually being improved. The mentioned above gituation necsesitates the measuring or chemical analysis of pollution data, but the many cost is necessary to obtain such data. The special environment measuring certifier was needed and the Measurement Law was amended 1974. Some comment will be given of the present condition of environmental measuring certifier.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2014

Noise-barriers on both sides of the roadway (hereafter referred to as double noise-barriers), are a common feature along roads in Korea, and these are expected to have important effects on the near-road air pollution dispersion of vehicle emissions. This study evaluated the double noise-barrier impact on near-road air pollution dispersion, using a FLUENT computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The realizable k-${\varepsilon}$ model in FLUENT CFD code was used to simulate vehicle air pollutant dispersion, in around 11 cases of double noise-barriers. The simulated concentration profiles and surface concentrations under no barrier cases were compared with the experimental results. The results of the simulated flows show the following three regimes in this study: isolated roughness (H/W=0.05), wake interface (H/W=0.1), and skimming flow (H/W>0.15). The results also show that the normalized average concentrations at surface (z=1 m) between the barriers increase with increasing double noise-barrier height; however, normalized average concentrations at the top position between the barriers decrease with increasing barrier height. It was found that the double noise-barrier decreases normalized average concentrations of leeward positions, ranging from 0.8 (H/W=0.1, wake interface) to 0.1 (H/W=0.5, skimming flow) times lower than that of the no barrier case, at 10 x/h downwind position; and ranging from 1.0 (H/W=0.1) to 0.4 (H/W=0.5) times lower than that of the no barrier case, at 60 x/h downwind position.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.165-174
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• 1999

This study was conducted to analyze the priority of environmental problems in Korea by investigating the environmental professionals' perception. The delphi technique was applied to identify their risk perception towards some specific items related with pollution. A standardized questionnaire on environmental problems and their priorities was used to 74 subjects. In the questionnaire, the environmental problems were divided into the general ones,9 items, and the specific ones,30 items. Also, the perception was associated with two points of view which were the risk on general human health or ecosystem, and on the present situation in Korea. The priority of risk from general environmental problems on human health or ecosystem was analyzed in the order of 'water pollution', 'air pollution', 'soil contamination', 'waste', 'toxic chemical pollutants', 'food contamination', 'ocean contamination', 'odor pollution', and 'noise pollution'. The priority of risk on the present situation in Korea was analyzed in the order of 'water pollution','air pollution','waste','toxic chemical pollutants','food contamination','soil contamination','ocean contamination','odor pollution', and 'noise pollution'. And these priorities were significantly related with the characteristics of respondents such as sex, age, and major concerned area. However, for the first five priorities of risk from the specific environmental problems on human health or ecosystem, the environmental professionals agreed with 'automotive vehicle exhaust', 'domestic and industrial source pollutants to surface water', '$CO_2$nd g1oba1 warming effect','toxic air pollutant' and 'industrial source air pollution'. The priorities of risk on the present situation in Korea were similar to these results.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2016

PURPOSES: In this paper, the effectiveness of speed-maintained standardization in road geometry on environmental impact at a downward slope location, based on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission indicators, was studied. Specifically, the aim of this study was to ascertain whether speed-maintained standardization resulted in decreased $CO_2$ emissions as well as noise pollution, due to reduced vehicle speeds. METHODS : In this study, speed-maintained standardization in road geometry was proposed as a means to reduce vehicle speeds, with a view to reducing $CO_2$ emissions and noise pollution. This technique was applied at a downward slope location. The vehicle speeds, $CO_2$ emissions, and noise levels before and after application of speed-maintained standardization were compared. RESULTS: It was found that speed-maintained standardization was effective as a means to reduce speed, as well as $CO_2$ emissions and noise pollution. By applying speed-maintained standardization, it was confirmed that vehicle speeds were reduced consistently. As a result, $CO_2$ emissions and noise levels were decreased by 9% and 11%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : This study confirmed that speed-maintained standardization in road geometry is effective in reducing vehicle speeds, $CO_2$ emissions, and noise levels. Moreover, there is further scope for the application of this method in the design of roads in urban and rural areas, as well as in the design of highways.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 2003

Abstract Increasing awareness of industrial noise pollution and emerging stricter standards have made noise an important topic of research in electric motors. The standard three-phase induction motors. see Fig. 1, (abbreviated further as TPIM) are mass-produced as being simple, robust and rather inexpensive, as opposed to other types of electric motors. Electric motors use over half of all electricity consumed in most countries. Typically motors consume 60∼80 ％ of the electricity for those used In the industrial sector and about 20∼35 ％ of the electricity for those used in the commercial sector. For that is important to know their participation to the noise pollution of the environment and the efficient ways of their noise reduction. Each step in determining the ways for TPIM electromagnetic noise reduction including the methods that highlight their efficiency, are presented and explained.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.163-168
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• 2007

A light railway operationis an effective means to solve a traffic problem of the city however, noise and vibration is pollution happened. This paper studied noise and vibration pollution of a light railway operation in order to let a decrease. The study range was only track condition and civil engineering structure condition. The way how we decrease noise and vibration in a protection vibration track, ballasted track, non-ballasted track, floating track trends was devoted is long rail laying, low vibration track lying. It was the most economic that the examination results track section a complement, and it was proved that a certain way.