• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 1998

Lymph node tissues of BALB/C mouse treated with DNCB were immunohistochemically observed to investigate the activation of cell mediated immunity in lymph node of murine with allergic contact dermatitis. The inguinal region of BALB/C mice were sensitized by one application of $25{\mu}l$ of 5% 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB) onto an abdominal skin and 2 weeks later, the mice were challenged with $4{\mu}l$ of 2.5% DNCB. The inguinal lymph node were obtained at hour 24, 48, and 72 after 2nd DNCB treatment and embedded with paraffin, and then stained by following ABC method that used monoclonal antibody including L3T4(CD4), Ly2(CD8), IL-2R(CD25). The distribution of helper T lymphocytes, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and IL-2 receptors began to increase at hour 24 after after 2nd DNCB treatment and these increase appeared in paracortical area and medullary sinius. These increase were greatest at hour 48. These results indicated that the IL-2 secretion began to increase by activation of helper T lymphocytes in lymph node of DNCB re-exposure area and subsequently to activate suppress T lymphocytes.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.55-59
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• 2020

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but life-threatening one syndrome of excessive immune activation. This immune dysregulation disorder is prominently associated with cytopenias and combinations of clinical signs and extreme inflammation symptoms. For survival, it is important to diagnose early and treat appropriately. We report a case of 10 years old boy who was admitted to the hospital with a month history of fever and cervical lymph node enlargement. There were signs of hemophagocytic histiocytosis in the lymph node and bone marrow. The etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis are reviewed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 1996.07a
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• pp.5-5
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• 1996

In sino-atrial node cells which act as the normal pacemaker of the heart, K conductance in resting state is minimal due to the absence of inward rectifier K channels K conductance only increases when the membrane is depolarized by the activation of the delayed rectifier K current I$\_$k/. In the present study, we investigated the gating mechanism of$\_$k/ using the whole cell patch clamp technique in isolated single sinoatrial cells of the rabbit. (omitted)

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.962-970
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• 2009

This paper presents a data gathering and scheduling scheme for wireless sensor networks. We use a data gathering tree for sending the data from the sensor node to the base station. For an energy efficient operation of the sensor networks in a distributed manner, a time tree is built in order to reduce the collision probability and to minimize the total energy required to send data to the base station. A time tree is a data gathering tree where the base station is the root and each sensor node is either a relaying or a leaf node of the tree. Each tree operates in a different time schedule with possible different activation rate. Through the simulation, we found that the proposed scheme that uses time trees shows better characteristics in energy and data arrival rate when compared with other schemes such as SMAC and DMAC.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 1998

We studied on the expression of apoptosis in colorectal cancer, lymph node, their corresponding normal mucosa and colorectal cancer patient's blood by genomic DNA electrophoresis and TUNEL labeling method. From 7 cases among 37, 20 cases among 47 and 5 cases among 15, DNA ladders were expressed in normal tissues, colorectal tissues and Iymph node tissues, respectively. A DNA ladder was not observed in 7 cases of colorectal cancer patients blood. In case of TUNEL labeling, we could observe TUNEL color espression in colorectal cancer and lymph node tissues. As these result suggest that apoptotic index may be associated with the colorectal cancer development, and mat be used as a prognostic indicator but further evaluations will be needed.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.100-105
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• 2008

We previously examined extracts, isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis (SB), chemical mediators, and IgE by mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocytes in rats. The present study was to evaluate the effects of extracts of SB on the MLN lymphocytes function of mice given orally by 20 mg/kg for 2 weeks with dextran sulfate sodium (DS)-induced colitis. Results show that IgE levels in MLN lymphocytes was low, while IgA was high, in mice given SB compared to that fed water. Concentrations of $Inteferon-{\gamma}$ and interleukin (IL)-2 of T cells by concanavalin A treatment was significantly higher in the SB fed group than the normal group. Activation-induced IL-4 and IL-10 secretion was lower in SB fed mice compared control mice after DS-induced colitis. These results suggested that SB suppresses the inflammation in DS-induced colitis through the modulation of Th1/Th2 balance to down-regulate $Th_2$ response in MLN lymphocytes.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2021

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a self-limiting lymphadenitis. It is a benign disease mainly characterized by high fever, lymph node swelling, and leukopenia. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease with clinical symptoms similar to those of KFD, but it requires a significantly more aggressive treatment. A 19-year-old Korean male patient was hospitalized for fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Variable-sized lymph node enlargements with slightly necrotic lesions were detected on computed tomography. Biopsy specimen from a cervical lymph node showed necrotizing lymphadenitis with HLH. Bone marrow aspiration showed hemophagocytic histiocytosis. The clinical symptoms and the results of the laboratory test and bone marrow aspiration met the diagnostic criteria for HLH. The patient was diagnosed with macrophage activation syndrome-HLH, a secondary HLH associated with KFD. He was treated with dexamethasone (10 mg/m²/day) without immunosuppressive therapy or etoposide-based chemotherapy. The fever disappeared within a day, and other symptoms such as lymphadenopathy, ascites, and pleural effusion improved. Dexamethasone was reduced from day 2 of hospitalization and was tapered over 8 weeks. The patient was discharged on day 6 with continuation of dexamethasone. The patient had no recurrence at the 18-month follow-up.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.677-684
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• 2015

Cardiovascular function is regulated by the rhythmicity of circadian, infradian and ultradian clocks. Specific time scales of different cell types drive their functions: circadian gene regulation at hours scale, activation-inactivation cycles of ion channels at millisecond scales, the heart's beating rate at hundreds of millisecond scales, and low frequency autonomic signaling at cycles of tens of seconds. Heart rate and rhythm are modulated by a hierarchical clock system: autonomic signaling from the brain releases neurotransmitters from the vagus and sympathetic nerves to the heart's pacemaker cells and activate receptors on the cell. These receptors activating ultradian clock functions embedded within pacemaker cells include sarcoplasmic reticulum rhythmic spontaneous Ca²⁺ cycling, rhythmic ion channel current activation and inactivation, and rhythmic oscillatory mitochondria ATP production. Here we summarize the evidence that intrinsic pacemaker cell mechanisms are the end effector of the hierarchical brain-heart circadian clock system.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.159-173
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• 2009

Nuclear factor erythroid derived 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a master transcription regulator of antioxidant and cytoprotective proteins that mediate cellular defense against oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Disruption of cellular stress response by Nrf2 deficiency causes enhanced susceptibility to infection and related inflammatory diseases as a consequence of exacerbated immune-mediated hypersensitivity and autoimmunity. The cellular defense capacity potentiated by Nrf2 activation appears to balance the population of $CD4^+$ and $CD8^+$ of lymph node cells for proper innate immune responses. Nrf2 can negatively regulate the activation of pro-inflammatory signaling molecules such as p38 MAPK, NF-${\kappa}B$, and AP-1. Nrf2 subsequently functions to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators including cytokines, chemokines, cell adhesion molecules, matrix metalloproteinases, COX-2 and iNOS. Although not clearly elucidated, the antioxidative function of genes targeted by Nrf2 may cooperatively regulate the innate immune response and also repress the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.11d
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• pp.800-802
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose the Self-Organizing Networks(SON) based on competitive Fuzzy Polynomial Neuron(FPN) for the optimal design of nonlinear process system. The SON architectures consist of layers with activation nodes based on fuzzy inference rules. Here each activation node is presented as FPN which includes either the simplified or regression Polynomial fuzzy inference rules. The proposed SON is a network resulting from the fusion of the Polynomial Neural Networks(PNN) and a fuzzy inference system. The conclusion part of the rules, especially the regression polynomial uses several types of high-order polynomials such as liner, quadratic and modified quadratic. As the premise part of the rules, both triangular and Gaussian-like membership functions are studied. Chaotic time series data used to evaluate the performance of our proposed model.