• 제목/요약/키워드: No-till

검색결과 367건 처리시간 0.03초

Nitrogen Translocation and Dry Matter Accumulation of Direct Seeded Rice in No Tillage Rice-Vetch Cropping

  • Cho, Young-Son;Lee, Byung-Jin;Choe, Zhin-Ryong
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제44권1호
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    • pp.44-48
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    • 1999
  • Uptake, assimilation and translocation of nitrogen and dry matter assimilation and translocation in ten rice cultivars were observed in no-till direct-sown rice-vetch cropping system. There was a large degree of variation in N-uptake, grain yield, nitrogen translocation efficiency and dry matter assimilation and translocation in tested rice cultivars. Forty kg N/ha base, as compound fertilizer (21-17-21% of N-P-K) three weeks after sowing and 30 kg N/ha top-dressed at panicle initiation stage as in the form of (NH$_4$)$_2$$CO_2$ was applied. ‘Newbounet’, ‘Daesanbyeo’, and ‘Hwayeongbyeo’ showed higher translocation efficiency. The contribution of pre-heading dry matter assimilates to grain ranged from 33% to 99% of dry grain weight. Dry matter of ‘Calrose 76’ was lower than Newbounet but N content was higher in Calrose 76 than Newbonnet. By maturity, N content in vegetative parts declined considerably more than dry matter, vegetative and reproductive parts, N translocation efficiency, and N harvest index. Nitrogen translocation efficiency was greater in ‘Nonganbyeo’, Daesanbyeo, and Newbounet. Grain N concentration was positively correlated with N concentration or N content of the vegetative parts at heading in Nonganbyeo, ‘Dasanbyeo’, ‘Dongjinbyeo’, and Newbonnet. These results indicated that the greater amount of dry matter and N accumulated before heading stage, the higher translocation rates of dry matter to grain and the greater net losses at maturity.

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고혈압 환자의 탈수 여부에 따른 혈압과 혈청 무기질과의 관련성 (Correlation between Blood Pressure and Serum Mineral Concentrations in Hypertension Patients with Dehydration)

  • 윤미정;윤미은;김미리
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.477-490
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    • 2017
  • The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between blood pressure and serum mineral concentration in hypertension patients subjected to dehydration. The data were collected and analyzed for 7,109 patients who visited a hospital for their health checkup from 2011 till 2015. Respondents were classified into four groups depending upon their state of hypertension and dehydration: control group (no hypertension and no dehydrated), dehydrated group, hypertension group, and dehydrated with hypertension group. Hypertension group was found to have higher levels of serum sodium, calcium, and uric acid than the normal group, whereas the dehydrated group was found to have higher levels of serum sodium and potassium than the normal group. In effect, no significant correlation was directly observed between the hypertension group and dehydration group. However, there were significant negative correlations between dehydration of the old-aged group and their serum mineral concentrations, which are reportedly related to hypertension. Thus, dehydration prevention measures in the elderly over 65 could mitigate hypertension problems.

토끼 동종골이식에서 이식골편의 동결법, 동결건조법, 탈지 후 동결법 처리에 따른 신생골 형성능력 비교 (Comparison of osteoinductive efficacy of freezing, freeze-drying and defat-freezing implant preparation for allograft in rabbit)

  • 이종일;송하나;김남수;최인혁
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제47권2호
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    • pp.219-228
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    • 2007
  • Bone allograft had been increased the need because autogenous bone graft is associated with donor site morbidity and is restricted in quantity. The bone allograft implants have to prepare properly for increasing osteoinductive ability and decreasing immune responses before providing to graft. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy on new bone formation in bone allografts by treatment of implants. Cortical bone allografts were transplanted to experimental defects on midshaft of diaphyseal fibulae in 15 rabbits, which were divided to 3 experimental groups according to the preparation methods-freezing, freeze-drying, defat-freezing. The grafted regions of fibulae of all groups had been radiographed biweekly for 16 weeks to observe new bone formation and union between implant and recipient bone. Bone Alkaline Phosphatase (BALP) in all groups was evaluated biweekly till the end of the experiment to determine osteoblast activities. Unions between implant and recipient bone were observed at 30% (3 of 10 cases) of freezing, 50% (5 of 10 cases) of freeze-drying and 80% (8 of 10 cases) of defat-freezing. BALP was increased over 100% from before graft at 2 weeks of graft procedures in all union cases of freezing and defat-freezing group, then gradually decreased till 16th week. In non-union cases, there is no significant variation in BALP value. Defat-freezing method for allograft implants might be more effective for osteoinductive efficacy of implants than freezing and freeze-drying method.

Intrathecal administration of naringenin improves motor dysfunction and neuropathic pain following compression spinal cord injury in rats: relevance to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities

  • Fakhri, Sajad;Sabouri, Shahryar;Kiani, Amir;Farzaei, Mohammad Hosein;Rashidi, Khodabakhsh;Mohammadi-Farani, Ahmad;Mohammadi-Noori, Ehsan;Abbaszadeh, Fatemeh
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.291-302
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    • 2022
  • Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most debilitating disorders throughout the world, causing persistent sensory-motor dysfunction, with no effective treatment. Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses play key roles in the secondary phase of SCI. Naringenin (NAR) is a natural flavonoid with known anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. This study aims at evaluating the effects of intrathecal NAR administration on sensory-motor disability after SCI. Methods: Animals underwent a severe compression injury using an aneurysm clip. About 30 minutes after surgery, NAR was injected intrathecally at the doses of 5, 10, and 15 mM in 20 µL volumes. For the assessment of neuropathic pain and locomotor function, acetone drop, hot plate, inclined plane, and Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan tests were carried out weekly till day 28 post-SCI. Effects of NAR on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity was appraised by gelatin zymography. Also, histopathological analyses and serum levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase and nitrite were measured in different groups. Results: NAR reduced neuropathic pain, improved locomotor function, and also attenuated SCI-induced weight loss weekly till day 28 post-SCI. Zymography analysis showed that NAR suppressed MMP-9 activity, whereas it increased that of MMP-2, indicating its anti-neuroinflammatory effects. Also, intrathecal NAR modified oxidative stress related markers GSH, catalase, and nitrite levels. Besides, the neuroprotective effect of NAR was corroborated through increased survival of sensory and motor neurons after SCI. Conclusions: These results suggest intrathecal NAR as a promising candidate for medical therapeutics for SCI-induced sensory and motor dysfunction.

무경운 피복작물 작부체계에서 논물의 미소동물 평가 (Evaluation of Aquatic Animals on the Water in a Rice Field with No-tillage Rice Cover Crop Cropping Systems)

  • 이영한;손연규
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제44권3호
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    • pp.371-374
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    • 2011
  • 벼 유기농업을 실천하기 위하여 무경운 논에서 피복작물로 자운영, 볏짚, 헤어리베치, 유채 및 호밀 등을 처리하고 논물의 미소동물 개체수의 변화를 검토코자 수행하였다. 이앙전 5월 30일 논물의 미소동물 개체수는 무경운 헤어리 배치 처리구가 관행, 무경운 자운영 처리, 무경운 유채 처리, 무경운 호밀 처리 및 무경운 녹비 무처리에 비해 유의적으로 많았다 (p<0.05). 이앙후 6월 20일 논물의 물벼룩과 모기유충 개체수는 관행이 무경운 처리구에 비해 유의적으로 낮았다 (p<0.05). 주성분 분석결과 관행은 무경운 처리구와 유의적으로 차이가 있었으며 무경운 처리에서는 무경운 자운영 처리와 무경운 헤어리베치 처리가 무경운 녹비 무처리, 무경운 유채 처리 및 무경운 호밀 처리구와 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 무경운 논에서 유기물 투입이 논물의 미소동물 개체수 증가에 기여하였으며 분해가 느린 호밀과 유채 보다 분해가 빠른 두과작물이 미소동물 개체수 증가에 유리하였고 벼 유기농업의 지표로 물벼룩의 개체수를 적용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

두유박 고오지를 이용한 밀된장 제조 (Utilization of Soymilk Residue for Wheat Doenjang as Koji)

  • 김재욱;임춘선;허병석;박우포;전호남
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제32권4호
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    • pp.362-366
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    • 1989
  • 두유 제조에서 얻어지는 두유박으로 밀가루 두유박 혼합 고오지를 이용하여 밀된장을 제조한 결과, 된장 숙성중 환원당의 변화는 전 시험구가 숙성 50일경까지 증가하다가 그 이후에는 감소하였고 시험구별로는 두유박의 배합비가 많아질수록 환원당이 감소하였으며, amino 태질소 함량이 높았다. 총산함량은 40일까지는 현저하게 증가하나 그 이후는 둔화되었으며, 각 시험구별로는 그 차이가 적었다. 숙성 80일 되는 각 시험구의 색도는 두유박의 배합비가 많을수록 대체로 명도가 감소하며 적색이 강해지고 황색도 강하게 나타났다. 숙성 90일 되는 된장에 대해 관능검사를 한 결과 콩나물 된장국은 대조구 [두유박 밀가루 혼합고오지 100(두유박 : 밀가루 ; 100 : 0), 대두 100]가 가장좋고 두유박의 배합비가 많을수록 맛은 떨어지나 대조구와 시험구 A[두유박 밀가루 혼합고오지 125(두유박 : 밀가루 ; 100 : 25), 대두 75]사이, 시험구 B[두유박 밀가루 혼합고오지 150(두유박 : 밀가루 ; 100 : 50), 대두 50]와 시험구 C[두유박 밀가루 혼합고오지 175(두유박 : 밀가루 ; 100 : 75), 대두 25] 사이, 그리고 시험구 C와 시험구 D[두유박 밀가루 혼합고오지 200(두유박 : 밀가루 ; 100 : 100), 대두 0] 사이에는 유의차가 없었다.

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약초첨가 비단두부의 장담금에 따른 이화학적 특성 (The physicochemical characteristics of silk-tofu added with medicinal herb powder preserved in kochujang and deonjang (Tofujang))

  • 임지숙;조은자
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.447-458
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구에서는 영양적으로 우수한 품질의 두부와 저장성 연장을 위한 가공두부의 다양화를 위한 시도로서, 비단두부를 된장, 고추장에 담금하면서 수분, pH, 염도, 색도, 유리아미노산, 기계적 조직특성치, 총미생 물수, 관능평가를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 두부장의 수분함량은 담금 4주까지 급격한 감소를 보이다가 담금 6주에는 미미한 증가 경향을 보였다. 고추장 담금 두부장의 pH는 담금기간이 경과할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 된장 담금 두부장은 감소 후 약간 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 두부장의 염도는 담금 2주에 급격하게 증가하다가 담금 4주부터는 완만한 증가를 보였다. 두부장의 색도는 담금 기간이 경과함에 따라 L값과 b값은 감소하였으며, a값은 유의적으로 증가하였다. 고추장 담금 두부장의 총 미생물수는 담금 2주에 급격히 증가하였으나, 담금 4주에는 감소, 담금 6주에는 $3.0\~6.7\times10^3 CFU/ml$로 약간 증가하는 경향이었으며, 된장 담금 두부장의 총 미생물수는 담금 2주시에는 급격히 증가하였다가 그 이후는 계속 감소하는 경향을 나타내어 약초첨가 두부장의 총 미생물수는 무첨가두부장보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 장담금 전, 두부 시료의 총 유리아미노산 함량은 $0.16\~0.92mg/ml$로 미량이었으나, 장담금 4주 시의 고추장 담금 두부장은 10mg/ml 전후, 된장 담금 두부장은 40mg/ml 전후로 높아졌으며, glutamic acid, tyrosine, aspartic acid 김 순으로 많았으며, histidin, methionine 등은 낮은 함량을 나타냈다. 두부장의 기계적 조직특성치인 견고성, 점착성, 씹힘성은 담금 초기에 급격히 증가하다가 담금 4주부터 감소하는 경향을 나타냈으며, 탄력성, 응집성은 담금 기간이 길어짐에 따라 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 두부장의 관능평가 항목에서는 일반두부장(mok-k. mok-d)이 약초첨가 비단두부장보다 높은 점수를 얻었다. 본 연구에서는 두부 제품의 다양화를 위한 시도로서 두부장의 이화학적 특성을 검토하였다. 심도 있는 각종 미생물 관련 연구와 다양한 시료에 의한 관능평가가 이루어져 영양적으로 우수한 두부가공품으로서 개발 가능성이 기대된다.

The impact of waiting time and delayed treatment on the outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Feng Yi Cheo;Celeste Hong Fei Lim;Kai Siang Chan;Vishal Girishchandra Shelat
    • 한국간담췌외과학회지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2024
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most diagnosed cancer worldwide. Healthcare resource constraints may predispose treatment delays. We aim to review existing literature on whether delayed treatment results in worse outcomes in HCC. PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Scopus were systematically searched from inception till December 2022. Primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary outcomes included post-treatment mortality, readmission rates, and complications. Fourteen studies with a total of 135,389 patients (delayed n = 25,516, no delay n = 109,873) were included. Age, incidence of male patients, Child-Pugh B cirrhosis, and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage 0/A HCC were comparable between delayed and no delay groups. Tumor size was significantly smaller in delayed versus no delay group (mean difference, -0.70 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.14, 0.26; p = 0.002). More patients received radiofrequency ablation in delayed versus no delay group (OR, 1.22; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.27; p < 0.0001). OS was comparable between delayed and no delay in HCC treatment (hazard ratio [HR], 1.13; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.29; p = 0.07). Comparable DFS between delayed and no delay groups (HR, 0.99; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.30; p = 0.95) was observed. Subgroup analysis of studies that defined treatment delay as > 90 days showed comparable OS in the delayed group (HR, 1.04; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.16; p = 0.51). OS and DFS for delayed treatment were non-inferior compared to no delay, but might be due to better tumor biology/smaller tumor size in the delayed group.

산지에서의 환경보전형 농업을 위한 토양의 질 평가;유사자료의 분석과 최적영농방법의 제안 (Soil Quality Assessment for Environmentally Sound Agriculture in the Mountainous Soils; Analysis of Sediment Data and Suggestion of Best Management Practices)

  • 최중대;박지성;김정제;양재의;정영상;윤세영
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.201-205
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    • 2000
  • 강원도 고랭지 경사 농경지에서의 유사량을 최소화하기 위한 최적영농방법 제안을 위하여 대관령 부근의 고령지 농업시험장의 작물포장을 선정,설치하였다. 가로 25m 세로 60m로 장방형 면적에 유출시험포 11개를 설치하고 경운방법, 지표피복 및 시비방법을 달리하며 3년동안 유사량을 조사하였다. 무경운에 100% 지표 피복 처리된 옥수수 시험포와 비닐로 멀칭한 감자 시험포에서 가장 작은 유사가 발생하였다. 최대의 유사는 등고선과 직각방향으로 경운한 시험포에서 발생하였다. 무경운에 100% 지표피복 처리된 옥수수 시험포의 연유사량은 $0.1{\sim}2.2\;ton/ha/year$, 등고선에 평행으로 경운한 시험포는 $10{\sim}27\;ton/ha/year$, 그리고 등고선에 직각으로 경운한 시험포는 $11{\sim}33\;ton/ha/year$으로 나타났다. 감자 시험포의 연유사량은 비닐피복 시험포에서 $0.1{\sim}0.2\;ton/ha/year$, 등고선에 평행으로 경운한 시험보에서 $16{\sim}24\;ton/ha/year$, 그리고 등고선에 직각으로 경운한 시험포에서 $16{\sim}31\;ton/ha/year$으로 측정되었다. 파종이나 수확 후에 큰 비가 내리면 많은 양의 유사가 발생하였다. 감자는 수확 시 고랑과 이랑을 만들고 고랑에는 격벽을 설치하고 옥수수는 지면에서 일정한 높이 이상만 수확하여 유사의 양을 줄일 수 있는 방법이 제안되었다. 또한 동절기 풍식과 눈 녹은 물에 의한 수식을 최소화하기 위하여 동상방지대책의 개발이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 고랭지 경사농경지의 최적관리방법으로 무경운 영농, 지표피복, 고랑격벽의 설치를 통한 이랑붕괴의 최소화, 승수로의 설치, 완충지의 설치, 동상방지방법의 개발, 겨울작물의 재배 등이 제안되었다.

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근무력증의 외과적 치료에 대한 임상적 고찰 (Surgical Management of Myasthenia Gravis)

  • 김주현
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.301-305
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    • 1980
  • Myasthenia gravis is a disorder that affects neuromuscular transmission in a way that is still poorly understood. some think that myasthenia gravis results from a reduction of available acetylcholine receptors in neuromuscular junctions, consequent to some form of autoimmune injury. Surgical interest in this disease was first aroused in 1939 when Blalock observed that some patients with thymic tumors and myasthenia gravis improved following thymectomy. This report represents two cases of myasthenia gravis. The 14-year-old girl was admitted to Korea Universtiy Hospital with chief complaintment of bilateral ptosis, diplopia, swallowing difficulty, and mastication difficulty, which were relieved by administration of edrophonium (Tensilon) chloride, given intravenously. Myasthenica gravis was confirmed and thymectomy was given. After thymectomy, symptoms were relieved but the administration of neostigmine was contijued to be needed till following 3 months. After that period, she was free from this symptoms without anticholinesterase drugs. Second case is 57 year old male who has the symptoms of diplopia, bilatreal ptosis, walking disturbance, and speech difficulty. He had thymectomy too but in thymic tissue, malignant thymoma was included. He has subjective improvement only, with no major reduction of medication requirements after thymectomy.

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