• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2004

This study aims to examine constraints on visits to urban community parks and to find ways to elevate the efficient use of parks. To achieve this, the study relied on empirical study method and the descriptive method; additionally, present condition survey was performed with a user interview, on the assumption that a park visit is a form of leisure. As a result, the item of 'insufficient lighting facilities' shows the highest mean and the item of 'low quality of park' follows Previous research also revealed that the item of 'the lack of lighting facilities' is a major factor on user dissatisfaction, so a design and management program for night time users are fully researched and elaborately accomplished. Also, the high response of 'low quality of park' shows that the park supply policy in Korea focusses mainly on quantity so far, and it shows that user's dissatisfaction for park facilities becomes one of the major constraints of park visit. The factor analysis, on the object of 35 items except 2 items, appeared 5 factors: accessibility, inner discord, companion, family matters, park-itself-matters. Oneway Anova test showed that 4 factors except 'park-itself-matters' have reliable difference in constraint cognition by age and education. The visit constraint of 'park-itself-matters' did not appear different by any personal characteristics. Without regard to personal characteristics, it is regarded that this factor has the greatest effect upon park visits. In general, people who are disadvantaged strongly cognize constraints even in leisure such as a park visit, which is a simple and inexpensive leisure activity. Therefore, a park like a pocket park, which is small but located in a neighborhood, is more needed than a central park like a symbolic and huge park in every new city. Careful concern for night activity should be accomplished in the planning process.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.291-303
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• 2019

고건축물이 위치한 도심지에게 있어 고건축물에 사용되는 야간조명의 문제는 도시의 역사와 문화를 나타내는 데에 있어서 매우 중요한 문제이다. 그러나 이러한 야간 조명의 시각적 평가는 여러 분야와 복합적으로 얽혀있다. 예컨대 고건축물 자체의 색채의 환원이라는 객관적 요소뿐만 아니라, 자연광과 인공광의 휘도대비나 조명시설기술의 영향과 같은 주관적 요소를 종합적으로 살펴보아야 한다. 본 연구는 고건축물 형태강화 계층, 시각적 해석 계층, 조명기술 응용 계층의 세 각도에서 야간 고건축물 경관의 평가체계를 구축하였고, 또 구체적으로 하위 항목들을 열거하여 서술하였다. 이를 바탕으로 계층 분석법(AHP)을 활용해 각 하위 항목이 전체 평가체계에서 차지하는 가중치를 분석하였다. 또한 일관성 검증을 시행해 본 연구가 도출한 평가체계가 단계 설정의 부분에 있어 요구되는 과학성과 합리성을 모두 갖고 있음을 검증하고자 하였다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2003

It is required impressive expression of urban night environment that makes city as the safe pleasant, convenient place for the economic activity, cultural pleasure and landmarks. This study aims to establish the proper direction to the outdoor lighting in Seoul by analyzing and comparing the lighting situation and policies among Seoul, Shanghai and Yokohama. 1986 Asian Game and 1988 Olympic Game became very important role of activation of outdoor lighting in Korea. Then, outdoor lighting were facilitated in the cultural heritages and bridges along Han river. Millenium Light Plan, Outdoor Lighting Field of Seoul Architectural Award, 2002 Lightscape Local Plan, hosting 2002 World Cup have been good opportunities for the improvement of outdoor lighting in Seoul. In China, outdoor lighting was introduced to the city of Shanghai according to the orders of the president in 1988. Outdoor lighting of Shanghai have created unique lighting with beautiful color and intensive brightness under the direction of city government. Outdoor lighting of Shanghai needs the standard of lighting design and improvement of lighting facilities. Outdoor lighting was introduced to Japan with 1964 Tokyo Olympic games. Urban outdoor lighting plan was carried out in Yokohama in 1986. In Yokohama, outdoor lighting of civilian and public facilities have been harmonized. And the city government of Yokohama established the committee of promotion of outdoor lighting in its government to support and manage the outdoor lighting with corporation of civilian organization. As the result of comparative analysis on Seoul, Shanghai, Yokohama, Seoul Metropolitan Government needs the criteria and incentive system of outdoor lighting.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2012

PURPOSES : Road lighting facilities increase the visibility of road at night in order to improve traffic driver safety and comfort. Generally speaking, current pole lighting has a tendency to create problems of glare and flicker. The phenomenon of glare gives discomfort due to increase of scattered light, when high luminance is in driver's field of view. The phenomenon of flicker occurs due to the driver passing through discontinuous pockets of pole lighting areas. These phenomenon increase eye strain and decrease driver safety. METHODS : Low height line lighting that distributes light lower than driver's eye level has been developed and evaluated to reduce the problems linked to current pole lighting. A test was undertaken with 4 conditions(turn on the general pole lighting, turn off alternate pole lighting, turn on the line lighting and line lighting with 50% dimming). A driver written survey was conducted in order to gain driver feedback. RESULTS : Pupil size and brow frequency compared with degree in pole lighting are reduced. CONCLUSIONS : Low height line lighting environment makes drivers more comfortable than pole lighting environment and is positive lighting method in the energy saving and landscape aspect.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2008

야간에 발생하는 교통사고를 줄이기 위해서는 일반적인 교통사고 방지대책과 구분하여 야간의 특수성을 고려한 실효성 있는 교통사고 방지대책이 수립되어야 한다. 횡단보도에서 보행자 교통사고 잦은 지점의 개선을 위하여 설치한 도로조명 개선 시행효과분석을 실시하였다. 집중조명 방식의 가로등에 대한 설치효과 분석 결과, 평균 22.4%의 야간 교통사고가 감소한 것으로 나타났고, 시행효과분석에서 공용기간 내 순현재가치는 25,648백만원, 편익비용비는 12.85로서 매우 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 집중조명시설 설치 전 후의 교통사고 비교 유의성 검정 결과 유의수준 0.05에서 집중조명시설 설치 후 교통사고 감소 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 조명시설의 설치시기가 서로 다르며 그 표본의 수가 적어 전국적인 대표성을 가지고 있다고 볼 수는 없으나, 체계적인 분석을 통한 개선사업의 효과를 구체화 할 수 있는 대안은 제시할 수 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The purposes of this study are to compare the day and night characteristics and to develop the models of traffic accidents. in Rural Signalized Intersections METHODS : To develop day and night traffic accident models using the Negative Binomial Model, which was constructed for 156 signalized intersections of rural areas, through field investigations and casualty data from the National Police Agency. RESULTS : Among a total of 17 variances, the daytime traffic accident estimate models identified a total of 9 influence factors of traffic accidents. In the case of nighttime traffic accident models, 11 influence factors of traffic accidents were identified. CONCLUSIONS : By comparing the two models, it was determined that the number of main roads was an independent factor for daytime accidents. For nighttime accidents, several factors were independently involved, including the number of entrances to sub-roads, whether left turn lanes existed in major roads, the distances of pedestrian crossings to main roads and sub-roads, lighting facilities, and others. It was apparent that if the same situation arises, the probability of an accident occurring at night is higher than during the day because the speed of travel through intersections in rural areas is somewhat higher at night than during the day.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 CRP (Continuous Risk Profile) 분석을 이용하여 야간에만 교통사고가 많이 발생하는 야간 특화 교통사고 다발구간을 선정하는 방법론을 개발하는 것이다. 또한 이연구의 다른 목적은 CRP 분석을 이용하여 야간 특화 교통사고 다발구간의 특성을 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 CRP 분석은 실제 교통사고 데이터를 이용하며 대상 노선의 교통량 고려해 분석되었다. 또한 CRP 분석에 사용되는 변수는 국내 고속도로의 실정에 적합한 변수로 선정하였다. 본 연구에서는 야간 특화 교통사고를 분석하기 위한 방법으로 야간 CRP에서 주간 CRP를 빼는 방법을 사용하였다. 결과적으로 CRP 분석을 사용하여 야간 특화 교통사고 다발구간을 선정할 수 있었다. 또한 야간 특화 교통사고 다발구간은 IC나 터널이 설치된 구간으로 일반구간과 편차가 있었다. 결론적으로, 야간 특화 교통사고 다발구간 산정에 CRP 분석을 사용할 수 있었으며, IC 또는 터널시설이 설치된 구간에서 야간 특화 교통사고가 많이 발생하여 개선이 필요한 지점으로 선정되었다. 또한 IC 또는 터널시설이 설치된 구간에서 야간 특화 교통사고가 많이 발생한 것은 조명시설로 인한 야간 시인성의 문제에서 요인한 것으로 추론된다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to form a night-view at a university to satisfy users through case studies of four representative university campuses with analyzing the lighting conditions and facility satisfaction. The result of this study is following. From the present lighting status, there are 664(l9types) lightings at Kyunghee University, 350(17types) at Sungkyunkwan University and 437(l9types) at Ajou University. Main materials of the lightings are metal, iron and stainless. Moreover, most illuminants are white-colored metal-halide lamp. There is no specially designed lighting facility because ready-made goods were used. Furthermore, the locations of lightings are not suitable so some are useless. Most main spatial illuminations are not satisfying outdoor standard, so it can be concluded that the designs of present campuses are not carrying on with-out plans. From the result, present campus lighting does not satisfy the desire of users in aesthetic and functional point of view but consider the luminosity. However, even though the luminosity does not standardize the law. It is because the design does not reflect a suitable standard with desire of users and it does not have a long term plan. Moreover, the campus design has no study about development plan even though it has enough green area which has a potential possibility to overcome the lack of green areas in a city. Therefore, it is needed to design a comprehensive campus plan which satisfies the desire of students and residents with considering promotion of excitement and harmony through adjusting luminosity of the lighting facilities and supplying various lighting resources.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.157-159
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• 2007

For a vessel to safely navigate on the ocean, it is required to check the vessel position as frequently as possible. When a vessel navigates oil the ocean or entering/leaving a port, the target area such as islands, points and mountain peak, etc. are used. However, when such target are not available or when vessel navigates in night time, installed artificial navigation aid facilities help successful vessel navigation. Light Wave Aid helps to confirm a position to the navigator directly and quickly. So, the synchronous light to display the accurate signal has wide applications. However, lantern domestic industry is small, and most of the products show non-compatibility. Consequently, this paper presents the synchronous lighting using UTC of GPS, which maintains compatibility with different lanterns. Also, by replacing conventional electric bulb with LED lamp, simple and efficient lighting system is obtained.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.29-46
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics of the bedroom environment of nursing homes for the elderly in Korea. Field case research was performed using a structured checklist and measurements, from Oct. 28th to Dec. 2nd, 2006. Collected data were analyzed for cognitive efficiency, privacy, safety, supportiveness and amenity. Based on nursing homes for the elderly nationwide (Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2006), we choose 43 facilities in which Seoul and six megalopolis areas that had answered our questionnaire in 2006. We then narrowed the list to 14 facilities, balanced them in terms of regional population. The contents of investigation consisted of eight categories: that general characteristics of the bedrooms (including number of residents per room, using a bed or floor mat, the size and shape of the chamber, space for wheelchair turning, signage), door of bedroom (including door, doorknob, door sill/level difference), windows in the bedroom(including type of window, window sill height, window treatment, window safety device/shape, view/daylight), furniture (including personal furniture and lock), finishes (material, character and color of wall, floor, ceiling), lighting (including types of lighting, night lighting, switch), bathroom in the bedroom (including signage, door size/type, doorknob shape, height of the washbowl, size of toilet bowl, handrail, finishes), and other facilities (including outlet and handrails).