• 복식문화연구
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.830-844
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• 2020

The fourth Industrial Revolution, known as digital transformation, has made MZ generation to be the focus of the new consumer market, brought about the use of technological platforms a new consumption method. Currently, as various types of content collaboration are emerging that specifically targeting at the MZ generation. Content collaboration are considered an integration of content to create new values through co-existence and co-prosperity. This study identified the characteristics of collaboration of fashion brands from 2018 using literature and online news articles, and identified and classified through case studies of it determined movie content, game and virtual characters. By this research, it shown that collaboration with movie contents have increased the collaborative synergy by using the story in global media content. Collaboration with mobile games was generally used by young casual and sportswear brands. These brands which utilized characters from mobile games popular with to attract more teen consumers and strengthen brand awareness by adding values of high-technology and scarcity to the familiar images. In addition, collaboration with virtual characters has expanded value of the collaborative approach on expanding the range of advanced digital technology, from a promotional strategy during the distribution process through to the use of virtual models. As such, collaboration using the various types of content has developed beyond simple integration of identities among various areas, integrated products or brands that as a new value.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2023

Purpose: Research on equity carve-outs is necessary because the market has realized that they lead to holding company discounts by double counting, which can only be observed in the Korean market. Considering the differences in the SSG.com equity carve-out compared to previous cases in terms of business strategy, this study contributes to the literature by examining the effects on shareholder value in the Korean distribution industry. Research design, data, and methodology: This study investigated literature, analyst reports, and news articles to examine the causes of holding company discounts and analyze the SSG.com equity carve-out. Results: The monopoly of holding companies' listing premiums is the main cause underlying holding company discounts from equity carve-outs. Protections for minority shareholder value are challenging owing to the complexity of the process of acquiring rights, the short exercise period, and additional costs. Therefore, the motivation for equity carve-outs should be to increase overall shareholder value. Conclusion: By analyzing the reasons for holding company discounts in the Korean distribution industry, this study provides recommendations for improving shareholder value. Moreover, it contributes to the maturation of the Korean capital market by promoting a discussion on the revision of equity carve-outs.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2023

Purpose: Research on spin-off and treasury stock is necessary because the market has realized that this can be utilized for major shareholder private interest. Considering the unique characteristic of a spin-off and treasury stock in the Korean stock market, this study contributes to the literature by examining the effects on shareholder value in the Korean distribution industry. Research design, data, and methodology: The present study investigates literature, analyst reports, and news articles to examine the spin-off process and analyze how treasury stock magic happens. Results: Setting the exchange ratio favoring Spin-Co in the spin-off is the leading cause for reducing the minor shareholders' value. Moreover, treating treasury stock as an asset is also problematic, allowing the allocation of Spin-Co shares. This leads to an increase in the major shareholder controls of Spin-Co without any contribution from the major shareholders. Therefore, the exchange ratio should be calculated reasonably, and treasury stock from the stock repurchase should be treated as stock retirement. Conclusion: By analyzing the spin-off and how treasury stock magic occurs, this study provides recommendations to improve shareholder value. Moreover, it contributes to the maturation of the Korean capital market by promoting a discussion on the revision of spin-off and treasury stock.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2015

변동성이나 변이계수의 크기와 미치는 효과의 크기가 반드시 비례하는 것은 아니다. 그것은 변동성을 유발하는 요인이나 변동성의 특성에 차이가 있을 수 있기 때문이다. 그런데 광양항의 수출액과 수출량은 밀접한 선형관계를 가지나 두 변수의 변동률은 낮은 상관관계를 보인다. 이것은 두 변수의 변동성의 특성이 다르다는 것을 의미한다. 이에 물동량과 수출액의 예측하지 못한 요인의 밀도함수가 정규분포 형태를 보이지 않을 뿐만 아니라 부호편의검정, 규모편의검정, 결합검정, Ljung-Box Q 통계량 등이 GARCH와 같은 변동성 모형을 이용하여 분석을 실시하는 것이 합리적임을 보인다. 물동량 변동성에서는 대칭적 GARCH모형이 아닌 비대칭 GARCH모형이 적합한데 비해 수출액 변동성에서는 GARCH모형이 적합함을 보인다. 뉴스충격곡선을 도출하여 물동량의 경우 GJR모형이 EGARCH모형에 비해 나쁜 뉴스에 대한 분산을 과대평가하나 좋은 뉴스에 대한 분산을 과소평가하는 경향이 있음을 밝힌다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.216-222
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• 2024

Objectives: To compare the levels of anxiety on GAD-7 scale among undergraduates of dental, medical and engineering students during COVID-19. The secondary objectives were to correlate the factors influencing level of anxiety and to assess the coping strategies practiced by undergraduates' students of Karachi duri.ng COVID-19 outbreak. Methodology: The cross-sectional based survey was conducted online among the medical, dental and engineering undergraduates' university students of private sector in Karachi through purposive sampling technique during COVID-19 lock down period. The GAD-7 validated tool was used along with the demographic variables, related stress factors and the coping skills practiced during this outbreak. Total 571 questionnaires were found completed in all sections. The data was analyzed on SPSS version 23. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mental health of the students was assessed on GADS-7 scale as normal, mild, moderate and severe levels. From the total (n=18-3.2%) were normal, (n=132-23.1%) had mild, (n=343-60.1%) had moderate and (n=78-13.7%) had severe anxiety level on GADS-7. The levels of anxiety on GAD-7 scale were all positively associated with the related stressors at p-value of 0.000. Moreover the results depicted that there was a moderate and positive correlation found (0.456, 0.447, 0.512 and 0.452) for all related stressors and GAD-7 scale. Taking breaks from watching, reading news regarding the outbreak of COVID-19, meditation and engaging in some other activities were the most frequently used coping strategies for all levels of anxiety among three cohorts of undergraduates'. Conclusion: Undergraduates has shown 96.9% drastically increased level of anxiety during the outbreak of COVID 19 pandemic. Taking breaks from watching, reading news regarding the outbreak of COVID-19 was the most frequent behavior practiced by the students.

• Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2018

Objective We compared the predictive value of the National Early Warning Score+Lactate (NEWS+L) score with those of other parameters such as the pre-endoscopic Rockall score (PERS), Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS), and albumin, international normalized ratio, altered mental status, systolic blood pressure, age older than 65 years score (AIMS65) among patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Methods We conducted a retrospective study of patients with UGIB during 2 consecutive years. The primary outcome was the composite of in-hospital death, intensive care unit admission, and the need for ${\geq}5$ packs of red blood cell transfusion within 24 hours. Results Among 530 included patients, the composite outcome occurred in 59 patients (19 inhospital deaths, 13 intensive care unit admissions, and 40 transfusions of ${\geq}5$ packs of red blood cells within 24 hours). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the NEWS+L score for the composite outcome was 0.76 (95% confidence interval, 0.70 to 0.82), which demonstrated a significant difference compared to PERS (0.66, 0.59-0.73, P=0.004), but not to GBS (0.70, 0.64-0.77, P=0.141) and AIMS65 (0.76, 0.70-0.83, P=0.999). The sensitivities of NEWS+L scores of 3 (n=34, 6.4%), 4 (n=92, 17.4%), and 5 (n=171, 32.3%) were 100%, 98.3%, and 96.6%, respectively, while the sensitivity of an AIMS65 score of 0 (n=159, 30.0%) was 91.5%. Conclusion The NEWS+L score showed better discriminative performance than the PERS and comparable discriminative performance to the GBS and AIMS65. The NEWS+L score may be used to identify low-risk patients among patients with UGIB.

• 인지과학
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• 제12권1_2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2001

본 논문에서 문서는 문서관계도라고 하는 가중치 그래프로 표현된다. 노드는 문서의 구성요소인 문장을 명사벡터로 표현하고, 링크는 노드들 간의 의미적인 관계를 표현하며 의미적 유사도를 가중치로 가지고 있다. 한 노드의 인접한 노드를 사이의 유사도 합을 도합유사도라고 하며, 이를 문서에서 문장의 중요도로 간주한다. 본 논문에서는도합유사도를 이용한 한국어 문서요약 시스템을 기술한다. 실험에 사용된 평가용 요약문서는 정보처리관련 분야에서 수집된 논문 100편과 KORDIC에서 구축한 신문기사 105건을 이용하였다. 문서요약 시스템에 의해서 생상된 요약문서와 크기가 본문의 20%이고 평가용 요약문서가 논문(서론과 결론)일 경우, 재현율과 정확률은 각각 46.6%와 76.9%를 보였으며, 또한 평가용 요약문서가 신문기사일 경우, 재현율과 정확률은 각각 30.5%과 42.3%를 보였다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2019

Social media is a massive dataset in which individuals' thoughts are freely recorded. So there have been a variety of efforts to analyze it and to understand the social phenomenon. In this study, Twitter was used to define the moments when negative perceptions of the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA) were displayed and the reasons people were dissatisfied with the KMA. Machine learning methods were used for sentiment analysis to automatically train the implied awareness on Twitter which mentioned the KMA July-October 2011-2014. The trained models were used to validate sentiments on Twitter 2015-2016, and the frequency of negative sentiments was compared with the satisfaction of forecast users. It was found that the frequency of the negative sentiments increased before satisfaction decreased sharply. And the tweet keywords and the news headlines were qualitatively compared to analyze the cause of negative sentiments. As a result, it was revealed that the individual caused the increase in the monthly negative sentiments increase in 2016. This study represents the value of sentiment analysis that can complement user satisfaction surveys. Also, combining Twitter and news headlines provided the idea of analyzing the causes of dissatisfaction that are difficult to identify with only satisfaction surveys. The results contribute to improving user satisfaction with weather services by efficiently managing changes in satisfaction.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.736-747
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to explore public opinion on workplace bullying in the nursing field, by analyzing the keywords and topics of online news comments. Methods: This was a text-mining study that collected, processed, and analyzed text data. A total of 89,951 comments on 650 online news articles, reported between January 1, 2013 and July 31, 2018, were collected via web crawling. The collected unstructured text data were preprocessed and keyword analysis and topic modeling were performed using R programming. Results: The 10 most important keywords were "work" (37121.7), "hospital" (25286.0), "patients" (24600.8), "woman" (24015.6), "physician" (20840.6), "trouble" (18539.4), "time" (17896.3), "money" (16379.9), "new nurses" (14056.8), and "salary" (13084.1). The 22,572 preprocessed key words were categorized into four topics: "poor working environment", "culture among women", "unfair oppression", and "society-level solutions". Conclusion: Public interest in workplace bullying among nurses has continued to increase. The public agreed that negative work environment and nursing shortage could cause workplace bullying. They also considered nurse bullying as a problem that should be resolved at a societal level. It is necessary to conduct further research through gender discrimination perspectives on nurse workplace bullying and the social value of nursing work.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.282-291
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• 1999

뉴스 비디오 데이터베이스 시스템을 구축하기 위해서는 장면변환 검출 기법이 매우 중요하다. 일반적인 분할기법으로 컬러히스토그램, $\chi$2 히스토그램, 그리고 Bin_to_Bin difference(B2B) 기법이 주로 이용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 NTSC 표준에 따른 가중치를 적용하여 보다 효율적인 장면변환 검출 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 컬러 히스토그램에서 RGB의 값들을 각각 따로 계산함으로써 히스토그램 구성 및 비교에 필요한 계산시간을 단축하며, $\chi$2 히스토그램에서의 차이 값을 강조하여 임계치 선택을 용이하게 하는 장점을 제공한다. 이 알고리즘의 일반적인 성능 평가를 위하여 본 논문에서는 KBS, MBC, SBS, CNN 및 NHK의 뉴스 비디오들을 실험 도메인으로 하여 이용한다. 실험 결과에서, 제안한 방법은 기존 방법들보다 장면변환 검출에 더 효율적임을 알 수 있고, 임계값들을 자동적으로 할 수 있는 기반을 제시한다.