• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.18
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• pp.7811-7816
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• 2014

Background: Despite advances in radiotherapy, overall survival of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients is still poor. Moreover dosimetrical analyses with these newer treatment methods are insufficient. The current study is aimed to compare intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) linear accelerator (linac) and helical tomotherapy (HT) treatment plans for patients with prognostic aggressive brain tumors. Material and Methods: A total of 20 GBM patient plans were prospectively evaluated in both linac and HT planning systems. Plans are compared with respect to homogenity index, conformity index and organs at risk (OAR) sparing effects of the treatments. Results: Both treatment plans provided good results that can be applied to GBM patients but it was concluded that if the critical organs with relatively lower dose constraints are closer to the target region, HT for radiotherapeutical application could be preferred. Conclusion: Tomotherapy plans were superior to linear accelerator plans from the aspect of OAR sparing with slightly broader low dose ranges over the healthy tissues. In case a clinic has both of these IMRT systems, employment of HT is recommended based on the observed results and future re-irradiation strategies must be considered.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.91-96
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• 2001

Restoration of contaminated soils to an environmentally acceptable condition is important. One of the newer techniques in soil remediation is a method based on electrokinetic phenomena in soils. The technology uses electricity to affect chemical concentrations and water flow through the pores of soils. An important advantage of electrokinetic soil remediation over other in-situ processes such as soil flushing is the capability of control over the movement of the contaminants. Because the migration of the contaminants is confined by the electric field, there is little dispersion outside the treatment zone. Furthermore, the process is effective for soils with low and variable permeability. In the present study, the distributions of cadmium in the electrokinetic processing of kaolinite under the condition of constant applied voltage are investigated. Cadmium accumulates near the cathode without reducing the diffusion of hydroxide ion into the soil. In keeping the catholyte pH at neutrality, cadmium migrates toward the cathode without any accumulation of cadmium near the cathode and is successfully removed at the cathode reservoir. It was also found that the progress of electrokinetic processing of cadmium could be gasped to a certain extent by monitoring the local voltage and the current density.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.17 no.32
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• pp.243-253
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• 1994

Work environments have been changed with the advent of new technologies, such as computer technology. The newer technologies, the more changes in our work conditions. However, human cognitive limits can't keep up with the change of work environments. Mental workload has been an important factors in designing modem work environments such as human-computer interaction. Designing man-machine systems requires knowledge and evaluation of the human cognitive processes which control information flow workload. Futhermore, under an urgent situation, human operator may suffer the work stress, work error, and resultant deleterious work performance. To describe the work performance in the urgent work situations, with time stress and dynamic event occurence, a new concept of information density was introduced. For a series of experiments performed for this study, three independent variables(information amount system processing time, information density) were evaluated using such dependent variables as reaction time, number of error, and number of failure. The results of statistical anlysiss indicate that the amount of information effected on all of five dependent measure. Number of failure and number of secondary task score were effected by both amount of information and operational speed of system, but reaction time of secondary task were effected by both amount of information and information density.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.123-129
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• 2010

R&D innovation is based on the premises of gaining competitive advantage. Innovation is achieved not only through the development of technology for producing newer and better products, but also gaining and sharing information about consumer demands, changes in the market, and competitors actions. Investment in R&D can not adequately be fulfilled solely through market functions because of R&D activities imply high-risk, uncertainty, and because R&D has a public-good characteristic. Most past researches have concentrated on managerial methodologies through research of performance, thus the results are related to studies of innovation performance. This research looks into the effect given on R&D innovation by IT factors and provides a model, and further analysis on how IT factors are applied through this model. By developing a model through the process of re-structuring the model with variables based on the convergent and discriminant validity, and in turn confirming and concentrating on major IT factors through analysis, it will be possible to double the R&D Innovation Performance.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.33
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• pp.3-10
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• 2002

Virtual reality is not a new concept but just a new word and also it isnt limited to the reality created by computer-assisted image composition. Furthermore, we have lived within the virtual reality since long time ago, and the newly emerging digital technology has made the limits of the virtual expression vague and the definition of space concept new, The magical experiences we have had within the digital space consisted of Virtual space are the philosophical subject which we can hardly explain as a simple dichotomous definition such as Virtuality or Reality. But its true that our experiences made within virtual space are felt as much newer space considering those of space design, which have been traditionally made in our physical territory. Digital game is the representative space that provides a new space. Therefore, the new concept in space will be not just the territory expansion of space but also the opportunity we can find a new possibility through the relation between human and space. At this point in time that the life territory is expanding as a new space, this research goal is to show the new possibility of the connection of human and digital space through studying the relationship of Human and Space, Space and Digital space and Human and Digital space as well as The peculiarity of the space which is expressed at Digital game, the most representative space providing new experiences.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.83-91
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to set a relationship between intentional system and spatial orientation, and with space model in the human world to orient yourself is to present the basic spatial concepts. This is composed of parts of intentional system and spatial orientation on the research. Through the study of intentional system which is based on the orientation with Daniel Dennett's, it suggests the space-model that composed with aspects of intentionality and spatial elements. With space-model and judgement of spatial types, it makes relationship confirm between them. Through this process, following the results of this study were derived. First, intentional stance of space is the key for building knowledge and memories about space, and for identifying external environment images which are experienced in the senses of human. Second, changing the meaning from space to place makes horizons of space broader and creates a new sense of space with put the intentional orientation into the space. Third, this study can make confirm what the aspect of the space-schema-elements for orientation in space, serves as the presentation elements. This study leaps an old-view of the architectural customs about spatial orientation, and creates an opportunity to refine the newer concept of space. This concept of space is a basic essential for 'site-selection' and 'spot-catching' as an intentional system for spatial orientation and to establish a relationship with human beings in the world of his own orientation to the concept of space.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.39-47
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• 2007

This study was conducted to evaluate the roles that the exterior features of belts play in modem women's fashion. Providing a new prospective on belt expression could be useful for developing and producing belts with newer and more unique fashion designs. This study included related studies, fashion magazines and collections produced both in Korea and abroad since 2000. The results of the study were as follows: 1. A belt can be used to stress femininity. For example wearing a broad belt rather than a thin belt emphasizes the waist, breasts or hips depending on the position of the belt, whereas simply Wearing a belt loosely on a tight or see-through dress can also emphasize femininity. 2. A belt can be used as a design element of a dress. The basic elements of a belt, such as leather used in combination with various colors, various manufacturing methods, and ornate buckle ornaments can produce elaborate decorative effects. However, when a belt is made from materials other than leather, the belt can have an ornamental quality on an achromatic dress. Finally, designing belts to be worn in non-conventional manners, such as girding or tying them, or wearing several belts on the arms, legs, shoulders and waist can result in new and expressive styles.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8549-8556
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• 2014

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the world top ten most common cancers with its highest occurrence in the Indian subcontinent and different aggressive and etiological behavioural patterns. The scenario is only getting worst with the 5 year survival rates dropping to 50%, persistent treatment failures and frequent cases of relapse/recurrence. One of the major reasons for these failures is the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small population of cancer cells that are highly tumourigenic, capable of self-renewal and have the ability to differentiate into cells that constitute the bulk of tumours. Notably, recent evidence suggests that cancer stem cells are especially resistant to conventional therapy and are the "drivers" of local recurrence and metastatic spread. Specific markers for this population have been investigated in HNSCC in the hope of developing a deeper understanding of their role in oral cancer pathogenesis, elucidating novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and newer therapeutic strategies. This review covers the fundamental relevance of almost all the CSC biomarkers established to date with a special emphasis on their impact in the process of oral tumourigenesis and their potential role in improving the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of OSCC patients.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2010

The hand printed cottons of India are historically world-renowned for their rich fast colours, elaborate designs, and matchless quality. Until the discovery of synthetic dyestuffs in the latter part of the nineteenth century, the unsurpassed master dyers of cotton were the craftsmen of India-birthplace of cultivated cotton. The Indian printers and dyers monopolised this arcane art of permeating cotton cloth with richly hued, colour-fast designs, and the fruits of their labour proved hugely influential in international trade and the development of modern textile technologies. This paper focuses on a lesser-known body of hand printed cottons, traditionally produced in rural Rajasthan for everyday use by the local pastoral communities. Drawing on extensive research carried out with the region's Chhipa community of hereditary cloth printers, the complex and multiple applications of mordant, dye and resist are illustrated. Often taking months to complete, the enduring popularity of these labour-intensive hand printed cottons is then discussed, particularly in the light of the hugesocial importance borne by cloth in Rajasthan. Cloth and clothing are widely recognised as indicators of social status, gender, rank, and individual and group affiliations. In addition, cloth and clothing have been established as indicators of social, economic, political and technological change. The paper concludes by drawing attention to the recent influx of machine-printed polyester textiles, often replicating the designs or colours of the traditional locally produced cottons. Thus women of the region, whilst using these modern synthetic textiles as part of newer ways of expressing their identity, also visibly retain the values associated with hand printed cottons and traditional dress codes.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 1999

The most important progress in diagnostic sciences is the increased sensitivity and specificity in diagnostic procedures due to the development of newer micromethodologies and increasing availability of immunological and molecular biological reagents. The outcome of researches in this field has already provided DNA probes and antibodies which can be used for diagnosing various kinds of diseases including inherited ones. This development can be also applied to diagnose diseases in oral and maxillofacial regions. Technological advances have yielded highly sensitive test methodologies so that low analyte concentration and small sample volume are no longer limiting factors. Therefore, saliva can be useful test fluid for an array of analytes. Salivary constituents of diagnostic significance include steroid hormones, antibodies, drugs, and tumor markers. Of the proteins present in saliva, viral-specific immunoglobulins are of the greatest diagnostic interest. The development of conjugates and antigens by recombinant DNA technique and peptide synthesis is necessary for clinical application. Several kits developed for the purpose of blood testing should be modified to permit their application to saliva. The final practical outcome of researches in diagnostic sciences will be various diagnostic agents which can be used for detection of bacteria and viruses, screening and diagnosis of diseases, genetic screening for forensic individual identification. For these purposes, collaboration researches and development between institutions and companies are essential.