• 한국균학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.281-284
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• 1992

Two interesting new hyphomycetes collected on rachis of an unidentified palm (Palmao) from Malayasia are described and their taxonomy is discussed in this paper. One of them is unique in producing basauxic conidiophores from conidiophore mother cells that are sessile, simple, cylindrical or cupulate, and solitary, gangliar, acrogenous, dry phragmoconidia. It is classified in a new genus Basauxia, as a new species, B. pulchra. The other hyphomycete is also unique in producing characteristic solitary, eight-celled, eight-armed gangliar conidia on simple conidiophores. A new genus, Ashtaangam is proposed for it in which it is placed as a new species, A. sundaram.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.334-365
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• 2010

나전도안은 작품을 완성하는 데 필요한 모든 공정이 들어있는 것으로 기물의 종류와 형태, 크기, 장석과 나전 문양에 대한 내용이 포함되어 있다. 또 일부는 제작시기와 제작자를 비롯하여 작품 제작을 주문한 수요자에 대한 정보가 남아 있다. 본고에서는 송방웅(중요무형문화재 제10호 나전장) 소장 나전도안 도안 1,700여 점을 중심으로 일제강점기부터 현재에 이르는 기간 동안 시대별로 유행했던 문양과 기물, 그리고 수요자와 수급형태에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 도안의 대표적인 문양으로는 화조, 사군자, 문화재, 풍속인물, 수복자, 산수 등이 있다. 문양도안은 시대에 따라 변화하는데 근대를 대표하는 일제강점기에는 일본에 의해 작품제작과 수급이 통제되었던 배경과 맞물려 일본의 취향을 따른 문양 도안이 많다. 수요층도 일본인을 중심으로 일본과 친분이 있는 계층이 주를 이루었던 것으로 보인다. 도안의 중요성에 대한 인식도 시대적인 정황과 관계된 것으로 보이는데, 송주안이 일본에 거주하였던 시기와 남아있는 도안 중 가장 이른 것의 시대가 일치하는 것으로 보아 일찍이 공예 도안연구가 활성화되었던 일본의 영향을 받았던 것으로 추정된다. 그러나 일본과는 소재, 제작방식, 수급체제가 달랐던 만큼 일본과 한국의 도안에는 큰 차이가 있다. 해방 이후 현대로 접어든 1950년대에는 6.25 전쟁 이후 미군이 새로운 수요층으로 출현하여 이들이 선호하였던 소품을 장식하기 위한 한국적인 문양도안이 주를 이루게 된다. 1960년대 후반부터 1970년대까지는 외국산 자개가 수입되고 사용량이 증가하면서 도안의 크기와 내용, 종류가 다양해지며 조각법, 부식법 등의 새로운 기법도 등장하게 된다. 1970년대에는 경제성장과 맞물려 나전공예품에 대한 관심과 인기가 높았기 때문에 수요층이 다양하였다. 나전공예품은 전적으로 주문에 의해 생산되었는데, 수요층은 각종 단체와 가구 중개상, 그리고 개인으로 분류된다. 이 시기의 수요층 가운데 주목되는 것은 도안에 '부산 좌천동'과 '점촌'으로 표기된 가구 중개상과 개인 수요자인 '진범모친'이다. 부산 좌천동은 1970년대 자개골목으로 유명했던 곳으로 이곳의 상인들은 통영으로부터 다양한 종류의 나전공예품을 납품받아 재판매하였으며, 점촌은 문경의 탄광촌으로 이곳의 "김씨"가 광부들을 상대하던 접대부를 상대로 통영에서 만들어진 나전공예품을 조달하였다. 진범모친은 나전공예품을 소유하기 위해 개인들이 모여 만든 계의 대표로서 부산 대신동에 살았으며 통영에 삼층장을 비롯한 각종 나전공예품을 주문하였다. 1980년대에는 아파트 문화의 정착으로 붙박이장과 거실장, 주방기구, 소파 등 새로운 양식의 가구가 사용되면서 자개장의 입지가 크게 좁아졌다. 한때 통영에서는 끊음질이 크게 유행하여 나전공예품 제작이 활성화되는 듯하였으나 1980년대 말 이후, 사회 전반적으로 나전공예에 대한 선호도가 떨어져 수요자가 감소하였고, 이에 따라 나전 작품의 제작도 자연스럽게 줄어들게 되었다. 현재는 몇몇 장인들에 의해 명맥만이 유지되고 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.141-152
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• 2015

장르영화를 들여다보면 우리는 영화 속에서 거의 비슷한 형태들이 반복되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 그러한 동일한 요소들은 커다란 이야기의 덩어리에서부터 아주 작은 카메라 앵글에 이르기까지 크게 세 단위로 나뉜다. 그것은 포뮬라(Formula), 컨벤션(Convention), 아이코노그래피(Iconography)로 설명할 수 있다. 이 가운데 컨벤션은 관습이라는 뜻으로 하나의 이야기에서 두 번째의 크기로 나뉘어 질수 있는 구조 혹은 사건을 말한다. 컨벤션은 개별 장르 속에서 영상화 된 사건이며. 이 사건을 통하여 감독은 관객을 조율한다. 익숙한 이야기를 끌어가다가도 어느 순간에 익숙한 장면을 변형시켜 새로운 이야기로 만들어 낸다. 영화적 관습은 영화사 초기부터 확립되어 온 산물로, 관객과 감독의 소통을 돕는다. 반복적인 영화 관람행위를 통해 관객은 영화적 관습을 익히고, 감독은 그것을 활용하여 관객에게 친숙함을 제공한다. 봉준호 감독은 전통적인 컨벤션을 통하여 관객을 조율함과 동시에 컨벤션의 변형을 통하여 새로운 예술작품을 창조한다. 그의 작품< 마더>를 통하여 전통적인 컨벤션과 변형을 어떻게 사용하여 새로운 아이디어를 얻어 작품에 임했는지를 연구한다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2003

부산항의 시설 능력 부족 문제를 해결하기 위하여 건설 중인 부산 신항만은 8,000 TEU급 대형선박의 입항이 가능한 환적항으로 개발되고 있다. 이러한 대형 항만의 경우 간선 항로를 운항하는 모선과 지선 항로를 운항하는 피더선이 동시에 입항하며, 터미널 설계 시 이러 한 상황을 반영하여 하역 능력, 운영계획, 장비 사양 등을 결정할 필요가 있다. 그러나 부산 신항만은 선석당 30만 TEU를 기준으로 터미널이 설계되었기 때문에 기존 주요 항만에 입항하는 다양한 규모의 선박을 고려하여 하역 능력을 검토할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 선박 접안 능력의 관점에서 실제 두개의 터미널에 접안하는 선박의 규모별 적ㆍ양하량, 선박 길이 등을 반영해서 선석길이 및 선석 수를 산정하고 기존 터미널 개발계획과 관련하여 시사점을 제시하였다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.262-271
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• 2004

Purpose: To explore the level of and relationship between parental knowledge and confidence in newborn care. Method: The sample of this study was consisted of 113 newborn's parents. Data was collected by researcher from Oct. 28th to Dec. 18th, 2002. Data were analyzed SPSS WIN(10.0) Program. Result: Total score of parents knowledge: Father's mean was 13.59(SD=5.32) and Mother's mean was 17.55(SD=3.72). There was meaningful difference in knowledge about newborn care between father and mother. The mother's knowledge was significant higher than the father's(t=6.45, p=.000). Total score of parents of newborn confidence: Father's mean was 40.66(SD=7.34) and Mother's mean was 41.88(SD=7.23). There was no difference in confidence in newborn care between father and mother(t=1.26, p=.209). There was significant correlation between knowledge and confidence about newborn care of fathers(r=.331, p<.001) and mothers(r=.317, p<.01). Conclusion: There is a need to educate fathers to enhance their knowledge about newborn care. More research is needed to study the relationship between parental knowledge and accuracy of behavior regarding newborn care.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.121-145
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• 2013

본 연구는 영유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니들의 자발적 모임인 어머니 학습공동체에서의 경험과 의미를 탐색하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 P시에 거주하고 영유아 자녀를 양육하며 어머니 학습공동체에 참여중인 어머니 8명을 대상으로, 2012년 6월부터 2013년 1월까지 참여관찰과 심층면담을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 어머니 학습공동체는 새로운 만남을 통한 소통, 자발적 참여를 통한 성장, 타인으로 부터 인정받는 즐거움이라는 경험을 어머니에게 주었다. 둘째, 이러한 경험이 자녀에게는 어머니와 교감 형성의 즐거움을 가지게 하였으며, 가정에는 대화가 살아나게 하였고, 지역사회에는 삶 속에 들어와 삶을 나누고 공유하는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 어머니 학습공동체의 활성화와 후속 연구를 위한 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.141-152
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual state of Korean 'geese mothers' in New Zealand. The analysis was peformed for 66 Korean mothers, who had moved temporarily to New Zealand for their children's education. The data have been analyzed by frequencies, percentiles and content analysis. The summarized results of this study are as follows. Most of the mothers were living in New Zealand temporarily for one to three years with one or two children. They hoped that their children will gain better and wide-spread opportunities because of studying abroad. The mothers expected their children to become well prepared as internationalized persons, able to achieve a satisfying occupation with high standard abilities. New Zealand's education system and their migration were highly satisfactory in the mothers' opinions. Most of the them contacted with their husbands who remained in Korea, through e-mails and phone calls, at least once in a week. Most of their friends were Koreans. They listed differences of language, mental values, and personalities as the reasons for having a larger number of Korean friends. The communication with the friends in New Zealand were being done by phones and e-mails mainly. Although there are difficulties for them to communicate others in English, they preferred to enjoy leisure time outside other rather than stay in house. And they gave themselves positive rates on adapting to the new environment, New Zealand.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2002

This study was conducted to quantify of micronucleus frequencies in human umbilical cord blood by supravital staining method with acridine orange, and to find some factors that affected on micronucleus frequncies in humans. In this study, we used umbilical cord blood of new born infants that have sufficient reticulocytes compared with adult peripheral blood. The cord bloods were taken after childbirth from 60 normal infants in industrial and coastal region in Korea. The total of 3 ${mu}ell$ cord blood was applied to slide coated with acridine orange, and micronuclei were observed under fluorescent microscopy. Demographic factors and independent variables were collected from mothers by questionnaire. The frequencies of micronuclei in umbilical cord blood of new born infants were 0-5 per 2,000 reticulocytes by supravital staining method, and mean value and standard deviation were 1.75$\pm$0.97. There were no significant difference by the regions, smoking habits of father or mother. However, age of mother showed significant positive correlation with frequencies of micronuclei (p<0.05). Smoking at home by fathers also was found as a significant variable by muliple regression analysis. Therefore, further studies would be needed for genotoxicological evaluation of new born infants by microneuli test using supravital staining method.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.138-152
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• 1995

The condition of nutrition during infancy will greatly affect infants' physical, emotional growth, especially breast feeding is important in their growth and development, and emotional stability, too. Despite such advantages of breast-feeding, its rate has continued to fall year after year in Korea : the 95% rate in 1960's has fallen to 25.4% in 1990. It is known that such a downfall of breast-feeding rate is associated with various factors. The purpose of the study is to examine mother's and nurses' in nursery perception of the impediment factors of breast-feeding : to compare those between of breast-feeding : to compare those between two groups : to provide fundamental data for developing strategies for increasing breast-feeding. The subjects were 45 new mothers from one hospital and the same number of nurses sampled from 3 university hospitals, in Seoul. The data were collected for 11 days from April 12 to April 23, 1994 and a questionnaire was developed based on the interview with 14 nurses and 10 mothers and the literature reviews. Liker's Five-Point Scale was used as measurement. The Data were analyzed using SPSS / PC and descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA. The results of study are as follows : 1) Most new mothers get the information about breast-feeding from their mothers, books or newspaper, and relatives in rank than professionals(nurses or doctors). 2) The impediment factors the breast-feeding are categorized as mothers, hospital system, medical personnels and social factors. The most frequently mentioned impediment factors from mothers are 'Difficulty by operational wounds'(3.13), 'Lack of will for breast-feeding'(3.47), 'Insufficient rest and sleep'(3.52) and 'Opposition from husband or his family members'(4.77)in rank. On the other hand those factors from nurses are 'Inadequate nipple condition'(2.37), 'Decreasing milk secretion given medicine after operation'(2.63), 'Mothers knowledge deficit by poorly prepared education'(2.79) and 'Mothers abhorance of breast-feeing'(3.87) in rank. 3) As for the hospital system, the highly perceived impediment factors by mothers are 'Seperation of baby from mother after birth'(2.78), 'Lack of space for breast-feeding in the hospital'(2.93), 'Lack of facility for informing the time for breast-feeding'(3.18) and 'Because of babys' preference artificial nipple by being accustomed to it in hospital(3.97), in rank. Meanwhile, those from nurses are "Seperation of baby from mother after birth",(1.92), "Inconsistency between hospital's nursing time and mother's breast secretion time" scretion time(2.97), "Lack of space for breast-feeding in the hospital"(3.39), and "Lack of facility for informing the time for breast-feeding"(3.74) 4) As for the medical personnels, the highestly perceived Impediment factor from mothers in "Lack of professional nurses for breast-feeding"(2.96), and the lowestly perceived one is "Doctors' reluctance"(4.75). Nurses perceived same as mothers, too. 5) As for the social factors, the highestly perceived impediment factor by mothers and nurses is "Inconvience of social activities"(2.83) and the lowestly ones are "The sense of self-sacrifice"(4.22) by mothers, and "The sense of old fashioned"(4.13) by nurses. 6) The difference of the perception of impediment factors between mothers and nurses is statistically significant only in mother factor.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.96-107
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• 2001

Recent research indicates that the new mothers want to learn about childrearing, and have burden in care of infants. Also it indicates that the new mothers say the lack of confidence and knowledge about infant care. This study was a prospective longitudinal reseach developing parent role education program and evaluating the effectiveness of this program for mother-infant interaction, childrearing environment and infant development. Longitudinal quasi-experimental design was used. The subjects were the healthy infants weighing over 2,500gm at birth, whose gestational age was more than 37weeks, and their mothers. The sample consisted of 19 mother-infant dyads for intervention group and 18 dyads for control group. Data were collected from March 15th to December 14th in 1999. For the intervention group received programmed education that was consisted of discharge education, telephone counselling, and home visiting for maternal education. The data were analyzed using chi-square test and t-test to test the equivalence of two groups, and the effectiveness of intervention program. This study was focused on the results of six months time point. The results were as follows: 1. There was significant difference in the mean score of mother-infant interaction(NCAST) between two groups. Intervention group showed higher scores in the subscales of sensitivity to cues, cognitive growth fostering, and caregiver total. 2. There was no significant difference in the mean score of child rearing environment (HOME) between two groups of six-month-infants. But when each subscale of HOME was examined, intervention group showed higher scores in the dimensions of opportunities for variety in daily stimulation, maternal involvement with child, and emotional, verbal response. 3. Six-month-infants of the intervention group showed significantly higher GQ in the Griffiths mental development scale. In conclusion, the maternal education program was effective in promoting the mother-infant interaction, organizing the childrearing environment, and fostering the infant development. These results were very meaningful that we found parent role education necessary for normal infants' mothers, and nurses can make a great contribution in promoting health of infants and mothers.