• 한국기계기술학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.123-128
• /
• 2011

It has been stand high in estimation to converse from Carbon dioxide to Dimethyl Ether in new alternative fuel energy division in 21C, especially Using of DME in point of view of transportation fuel has been discussed of a new clean energy which is very lower of exhaust gas than gasoline and diesel energy. In this paper it is used ZSM-5 and I developed new catalyst by addition of cerium to control acidity. The new catalyst was proved high conversion rate, when it was conversed from methanol to DME, there wasn't any additional material except DME and water, and I overlooked reaction temperature, reaction time, amount of catalyst, amount of added cerium, effect of water content in methanol, reaction temperature by making change of reaction time. I have conclude that conversion rate to DME was increased as increased of catalyst amounts. The best catalyst condition of without additional product was treated poisoning from ZSM-5 to 5% cerium and new catalyst was not effected in purity of fuel methanol.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.263-267
• /
• 1999

사용이 끝난 폐촉매의 NO 제거 활성은 새 촉매의 약 27%로 크게 저하되어 있었다. 폐촉매의 비표면적은 새로운 촉매의 약 63%로서 활성소실의 주 원인은 소결에 의한 표면적 감소, 촉매표면의 활성물질의 농도저하, 중금속에 의한 활성점의 피독 등으로 판단된다. 폐촉매의 재생은 주로 피독 물질의 제거에 중점을 두었는데, $80^{\circ}C$ 물을 이용하여 30분에서 2시간 처리하여 재생한 촉매가 가장 좋은 효과를 보였으며 이는 중금속 K와 Na가 제거된 때문으로 판단된다. 새로운 촉매를 기준으로 하였을 때 폐촉매의 표면적당 재생된 활성은 약 79%이었으나 질량당 재생된 활성은 약 49%이었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.96-104
• /
• 2015

Reactivity of commercial WGS catalyst and four new catalysts(RMC-3, PC-73, PC-67SU, PC-59) manufactured with various compositions by Korea Electric Power Research Institute(KEPCO RI) were compared to select suitable WGS catalyst for SEWGS system. Steam/CO ratio, gas velocity, flow rates of syngas, and temperature were considered as operating variables. As a result, commercial catalyst showed the highest CO conversion and RMC-3 catalyst showed also high CO conversion. Therefore, commercial and RMC-3 catalysts were selected as applicable catalysts. However, PC-73 catalyst showed low CO conversion at low temperature($200^{\circ}C$) but showed good reactivity at high temperature($225{\sim}250^{\circ}C$), and therefore, PC-73 catalyst was selected as applicable catalyst for high temperature operation. Continuous operations up to 24 hours for those three catalysts(commercial, RMC-3, PC-73) were conducted to check reactivity decay of catalysts. All three catalysts maintained their original reactivity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제33권10호
• /
• pp.3445-3447
• /
• 2012

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.467-473
• /
• 2008

This study is to investigate the influence of catalyst loading quantity on the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) performance. In this paper, Pt-Ru and Pt-black loading as the catalyst were varied from 1 to $4mg/cm^2$ at the anode and cathode, respectively. The experiment was conducted with single fuel cell consisted of $5cm^2$ effective electrode area, serpentine type flow pattern and Nafion 117 membrane. Also, AC impedance and methanol crossover current were measured to investigate the performance loss precisely. As a result, the performance of fuel cell was significantly increased with the increase of cathode catalyst loading. However, the performance did not increase further above a certain Pt-Ru catalyst loading as the increase of anode catalyst loading.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.355-363
• /
• 2014

Thermal shock or overheating of WGS catalyst for SEWGS system during hydrogen pre-treatment can cause reactivity decay of the catalyst. To select appropriate pre-treatment condition, temperature profiles of catalyst bed (or outside fluidized particle bed of bed insert) during pre-treatment were measured and then CO conversions of those catalysts during WGS reaction were also measured and compared. Drastic overheating of catalyst took place when we reduce catalyst at fixed bed condition and these catalysts showed low CO conversion during WGS reaction. On the contrary, there was no overheating of catalyst at fluidized bed condition not only physical mixing case but also bed insert case. Spring type bed insert showed acceptable CO conversion even at low WGS content. Consequently, feasibility of high CO conversion without decay of reactivity of catalyst and holding the WGS catalyst inside the SEWGS reactor as tablet shape were confirmed using spring type bed insert.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.465-473
• /
• 2011

To find the optimum mixing ratio of WGS catalyst with $CO_2$ absorbent for SEWGS process, water gas shift reaction tests were carried out in a fluidized bed reactor using commercial WGS catalyst and sand (as a substitute for $CO_2$ absorbent). WGS catalyst content, gas velocity, and steam/CO ratio were considered as experimental variables. CO conversion increased as the catalyst content increased during water gas shift reaction. Variations of the CO conversion with the catalyst content were small at low gas velocity. However, those variations increased at higher gas velocity. Within experimental range of this study, the optimum operating condition(steam/CO ratio=3, gas velocity = 0.03 m/s, catalyst content=10 wt.%) to get high CO conversion and $CO_2$ capture efficiency was confirmed. Moreover, long time water gas shift reaction tests up to 20 hours were carried out for two cases (catalyst content = 10 and 20 wt.%) and we could conclude that the WGS reactivity at those conditions was maintained up to 20 hours.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.202-209
• /
• 2020

In methanol steam reforming, commercial catalysts in the form of pellets are mainly used, but there are limitations to directly apply them to underwater weapon systems that require shock resistance and heat transfer characteristics. In this study, to overcome this problem, a multi-layer cup structure (MLCS) was applied to support a pellet type catalyst. The characteristics of pellet catalyst supported by MLCS and the pellet catalyst supported by conventional structure (CS) were compared by the reforming experiment. In the case of MLCS, a high methanol conversion rate was shown in the temperature range 200 to 300℃ relative to the CS manufactured with the same catalyst weight as MLCS. CS shown similar characteristics to MLCS when it manufactured in the same volume as MLCS by adding an additional 67% of the catalyst. In conclusions, MLCS can not only reduce catalyst usage by improving heat transfer characteristics, but also support pellet catalyst in multiple layers, thus improving shock resistance characteristics.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2012

This study was performed to develop a low Pt content catalyst as a catalyst for HI decomposition in S-I process. Bimetallic catalysts added various amounts of Pt on a silica supported Ni catalyst were prepared by impregnation method. HI decomposition was carried out using a fixed bed reactor. As a result, Ni-Pt bimetallic catalyst showed enhanced catalytic activity compared with each monometallic catalyst. Deactivation of Ni-Pt catalyst was not observed while deactivation of Ni monometallic catalyst was rapidly occurred in HI decomposition. The HI conversion of Ni-Pt bimetallic catalyst was increased similar to Pt catalyst with increase of the reaction temperature over a temperature range 573K to 773K. From the TG analysis, it was shown that $NiI_2$ remained on the Ni(5.0)-Pt(0.5)/$SiO_2$ catalyst after the HI decomposition reaction was decomposed below 700K. It seems that small amount of Pt in bimetallic catalyst increase the decomposition of $NiI_2$ generated after the decomposition of HI. Consequently, it was considered that the activity of Ni-Pt bimetallic catalyst was kept during the HI decomposition reaction.

• 한국결정성장학회지
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.238-242
• /
• 2016

알칼리(토)금속이 SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction) 촉매 비활성화에 미치는영향을 미세구조, 촉매 비표면적, 기공 부피 변화, 탈질 성능 분석을 통해 규명하였다. 신촉매를 $350^{\circ}C$에서 6시간 동안 $H_3PO_4$, $K_2CO_3$, $Na_2CO_3$, $Ca(CH_3COO)_2{\cdot}H_2O$, $C_4H_6MgO_4{\cdot}4H_2O$ 수용액을 분사 시켜, 모사 피독된 SCR 촉매를 제조하였다. 피독 촉매 표면의 미세구조는 신촉매와 거의 유사한 형태를 보이지만, 비표면적과 기공 부피 변화를 신촉매와 비교하였을 때, Na < Mg < K < Ca < P 순으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 Na에 의해 피독된 촉매는 비표면적은 $10.20m^2/g$, 기공부피는 $0.061cm^2/g$ 정도 감소하였다. $150{\sim}450^{\circ}C$에서 신촉매 및 피독 촉매의 탈질성능을 평가한 결과, 알칼리 금속(K, Na)에 피독된 SCR 촉매가 가장 낮은 탈질효율을 보였으며, 알칼리 토금속(Ca, Mg)에 피독된 SCR 촉매는 알칼리 금속(K, Na)에 피독된 촉매에 비해 상대적으로 높은 탈질 효율을 보였으며, 인(P)에 의해 피독된 촉매는 SCR 신촉매와 거의 유사한 탈질 성능을 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 SCR 촉매 비표면적이나 기공 부피 감소에 따른 물리적인 비활성화가 SCR 촉매 탈질 성능에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보인다.