• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1993.06a
• /
• pp.201-205
• /
• 1993

A decision-theoretic concept is introduced to investigate whether targets of interest in array sensor systems are present at some steering direction or not. The solutions to this problem are described as a set of simple numbers 0 or 1 corresponding to the direction under consideration. This coded number representation is transplanted in the optimisation technique based on the Hopfield neural network, which may provide a new aspect of determining the direction of arrival (DOA) of sources. To cast the perspectives of the proposed approach and illustrate its effectiveness in source direction finding in array sensor systems, simulation results and related discussions are presented in this paper.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.145-154
• /
• 2005

It is necessary to develop new air-conditioning method which can be satisfied individual separated space and request of occupants. The indoor thermal environment and flow field are investigated both experimentally and numerically. This study concentrated on analysis of indoor thermal environment by diffusion direction of ceiling type air conditioner of the classroom. The velocity and temperature distribution of air in the room calculated by 3-dimensional method, which include the effect of insulation of the building and outdoor state. This analysis shows that optimum diffusion direction is $30^{\circ}$ to increase thermal comfort in winter and optimum diffusion direction is $15^{\circ}$ to increase thermal comfort in summer.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.289-300
• /
• 1995

The conventionally used method requires centerline of vessels to estimate the vessel diameter. Two methods of estimating the centerline of vessels are reported : One is manually observer-defined method. This potentially contributes to inter-and intra-observer variability. And the other is to auto- matically detect the centerline of vessels. But this is very complicated method. In this paper, we propose a new method of estimating vessel diameter using direction codes and position informs:ion without detecting centerline. Since this method detects the vessel boundary and direction code at d same time, it simplifies the procedure and reduces execution time in estimating the vessel diameter. Compared to a method that automatically estimates the vessel diAmeter uslng centerline, our method provides improved accuracy in image with poor contrast, branching or obstructed vessels. Also, this provides a good compression of boundary description, because each direction code element can be coded with 3 bits only, instead of the 4 bytes required for the storage of the coordinates of each border pixel. Our experiments demonstrate the usefulness of the technique using direction code for quantitative analysis of coronary angiography Experimental results Justify the validity of the proposed method.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.65 no.6
• /
• pp.707-719
• /
• 2018

In this article, a new method is introduced to improve the local search capability of meta-heuristic algorithms using the projection of the path on the border of constraints. In a mathematical point of view, the Gradient Projection Method is applied through a new approach, while the imposed limitations are removed. Accordingly, the gradient vector is replaced with a new meta-heuristic based vector. Besides, the active constraint identification algorithm, and the projection method are changed into less complex approaches. As a result, if a constraint is violated by an agent, a new path will be suggested to correct the direction of the agent's movement. The presented procedure includes three main steps: (1) the identification of the active constraint, (2) the neighboring point determination, and (3) the new direction and step length. Moreover, this method can be applied to some meta-heuristic algorithms. It increases the chance of convergence in the final phase of the search process, especially when the number of the violations of the constraints increases. The method is applied jointly with the authors' newly developed meta-heuristic algorithm, entitled Star Graph. The capability of the resulted hybrid method is examined using the optimal design of truss and frame structures. Eventually, the comparison of the results with other meta-heuristics of the literature shows that the hybrid method is successful in the global as well as local search.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.175-182
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this article is to suggest what is the desirable direction of economic relationship between Korea and China. The economic relationship between countries is based on how the present network is. As the economic relationship between countries grows, the network between countries will expand. In the past, the economic relationship between Korea and China is cooperative one from the viewpoint of international division of labor. Korean industries was focused on the value-added and mid-advanced technology products, while Chinese was focused on the labor-intensive products. As the China's economy grows for more than thirty years, there is a great change in China's economic policies and environment. China's industry structure is moving from the labor-intensive industry to technology-oriented industry. China's exports to the global market is increasing very fast, and China's domestic market is also growing. The change in Chinese industries' structure bring about severe competition in the global market. The expanding China's domestic market is also good opportunity as the new market in the world. The change in China's industrial structure needs for Korea to establish the 'New Network" between two countries. Korea has to grab the new opportunities in the China's domestic market and find new cooperative network with the products and industries.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
• /
• v.74
• /
• pp.189-208
• /
• 2023

Spiritual direction is not a product created and developed by an individual, but a historical product that includes the church, believers, society, and the contexts of the times. Among the social changes related to spiritual direction, this study pays attention to monasticism and the Reformation. Focusing on these two social changes, this study analyzes the social dimension of spiritual direction indicated by the occurrence and change of spiritual direction and discusses its meaning. Around the time Christianity was officially recognized by the Roman Empire, monasticism began its long history, and Athanasius spread his ideal of monastic life and at the same time pursued the unity of the church and the monastic movement. Through this process, spiritual disciplines and educational models interacted and changed. During the Reformation period, Protestantism began to form new spiritual education and training. The Catholic Church pursued renewal through new concepts and practices of spiritual direction. Spiritual direction is being formed and recognized as a means of helping the spiritual life of individual Christians. The origin and change of spiritual direction mean that spiritual direction can be understood and applied differently reflecting the contexts and situations due to social interaction. Also, it should not be overlooked that spiritual direction can act as a cause of integration or division of the Korean Protestant churches.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2002.07a
• /
• pp.137-140
• /
• 2002

In this paper, a new algorithm for two-dimensional (2-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is presented. By this new method, the maximum time step size can be increased over the Courant-Friedrich-Levy (CFL) condition restraint. This new algorithm is adapted from an Alternating-Direction Implicit FDTD (ADI-FDTD) method. However, unlike the ADI-FDTD algorithm. the alternation is performed with respect to the blocks of fields rather than with respect to each respective coordinate direction. Moreover. this method can be efficiently simulated with parallel computation. and it is more efficient than the conventional FDTD method in terms of CPU time. Numerical formulations are shown and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2008.04a
• /
• pp.566-568
• /
• 2008

An E-OPMT(Electronically-controllable OPMT) was developed as an alternative of OPMT which could adjust the direction of the generated guided waves in a plate manually. The key idea of controlling the wave direction electronically is based on a few sets of axisymmetric figure-of-eight coils and the magnet which is located for making static omni-directionally biasing magnetic field over the patch. However, in order to explain wave phenomenon generated by this transducer, a new approach is required because there are various combinations between static biasing magnetic field and dynamic actuating magnetic field on the patch, not similar to OPMT. In this paper, the experiments were performed to understand characteristics of E-OPMT and the new theoretical analysis was set up for explaining the result.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.80-86
• /
• 2006

Continuous development of construction industry and enhancement of its global competitiveness must be supported by research and development(R&D) for new technology. However, the R&D investment in Korean construction industry is lower than those in other industries. The R&D investment by Korean government is also insufficient comparing with other governments. This paper investigates the R&D investment status in Korean construction industry and reviews the outcomes of the R&D in relation with construction new technology and patent. Based on the investigations of the present status, new direction of the construction R&D is suggested.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.283-293
• /
• 2008

This study is intended to forecast changes in Ubiquitous technology-based residential environment since the digital revolution so as to suggest the direction of furniture design in the near future. Among Ubiquitous technologies, the intelligent digital technology applied to a residential environment is defined as "Smart Digital Technology." Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy named the residential environment where such technology is applied "Smart Home." Smart Home is strategically creating intelligent residential environment where interactivity is made between human, furniture and residential environment, based on home automation, home network and intelligent sensor technology. Smart furniture is based on strategic characteristics of smart home. Its convergence with IT equipments is being made. Largely, smart furniture has three characteristics as below: First, smart furniture provides users with information on home management, health management, education and fashion. not just functioning as storage space. Second, smart furniture that is a new lifestyle pattern will suggest a new aesthetic standard based on unsettled shapes and innovative structure. Finally, it gives convenience to users intelligently. Namely, smart furniture, "intelligent informative furniture", will be suggested as a new paradigm.