• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권10호
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• pp.1916-1922
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• 2009

Introducing distributed generators(DGs) to utility distribution system can cause malfunction of relay on the grid when ground faults or severe load unbalances are occurred on the system. Because DGs interconnected to the grid can contribute fault currents and make bidirectional power flows on the system, fault currents from DGs can cause an interference of relay operation. A directional over current relay(DOCR) can determine the direction of power flow whether a fault occurs at the source side or load side through detecting the phases of voltage and current simultaneously. However, it is identified in this paper that the contributed fault current(Ifdg) from the ground source when was occurred to contribute single-line-to-ground(SLG) fault current, has various phases according to the distances from the ground source. It means that the directionality of Ifdg may not be determined by simply detecting the phases of voltage and current in some fault conditions. The magnitude of Ifdg can be estimated approximately as high as 3 times of a phase current and its maximum is up to 2,000 A depending on the capacity of generation facilities. In order to prevent malfunction of relay and damage of DG facilities from the contribution of ground fault currents, Ifdg should be limited within a proper range. Installation of neutral ground reactor (NGR) at a primary neutral of interconnection transformer was suggested in the paper. Capacity of the proposed NGR can be adjusted easily by controlling taps of the NGR. An algorithm for unidirectional relay was also proposed to prevent the malfunction of relay due to the fault current, Ifdg. By the algorithm, it is possible to determine the directionality of fault from measuring only the magnitude of fault current. It also implies that the directionality of fault can be detected by unidirectional relay without replacement of relay with the bidirectional relay.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.948-953
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• 2011

In AC railway feeding system, three phase received from the network is changed to two phase power sources with different phases. The main circuit breaker installed train is automatically open by track signal when the train passes the neutral section. In order to continuously supply power source to train, the changeover system was used in Japan. Therefore, the train is able to operate under powering condition when it was passing through the neutral section. We investigated the control method to reduce the inrush current flowing main transformer in train. To examine the inrush current and operate the static semiconductor switch such as thyristor, we manufactured the small scale the changeover system and carried out performance tests.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2005

Many conventional multi-level inverters have detected switching faults by using the over voltage and current. However, fault detection of the switching elements is very difficult because the voltage and current due to each switching fault decrease more than the normal operation. Moreover, the dc-link unbalancing voltage causes a serious problem in the safety and reliability of system when the 3-level inverter faults occur Therefore, this paper proposes the simple fault diagnose method and the neutral-point-voltage control method that can protect the 3-level inverter system from the unbalancing voltage of the do-link capacitors when the faults of switching elements occur in the 3-level inverter that is very efficient in ac motor drives of the high voltage and high power applications. Through experiment results, the validity of the proposed method is demonstrated.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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• pp.2090-2091
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• 2007

We investigated the characteristics of transformer type SFCL with neutral line. The transformer type SFCL having neutral line has achieved the simultaneous quench because the secondary winding has acted as parallel reactor. The fault current of SFCL was limited according to ratio of turn number between primary and secondary windings. Therefore, the power burden of superconducting element can be reduced by reduction of ratio of turn number between primary and secondary windings. As a result, we could expect reduction of it's volume in the transformer type SFCL.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2006

관례의 전력계통에서는 스위칭 컨트롤러, 반도체 전력변환 설비, 사무 자동화 기기, PC 등으로 인하여 중성선에 많은 양의 영상 고조파가 발생하게 된다. 이러한 중성선 영상 고조파 전류를 줄이기 위하여 리액터의 일종인 NHER (Neutral-line Harmonics Eliminating Reactor)를 설계하고 해석하는 연구를 수행하였다. C++프로그램을 활용하여 NHER의 설계프로그램을 개발하였고, 설계프로그램을 확인하기 위해 380/220[V], 200[A]의 모델을 적용하여 설계 및 해석하였다. 최적화 설계 결과 철손이 26[%] 저감되었고, 특히 9 고조파는 다른 고조파에 비하여 크게 감소하였다. NHER을 설계할 때에는 실제 적용되는 부하의 영상고조파나 효율 등을 고려하면 더 좋은 결과가 나올 것이다.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2001년도 Proceedings ICPE 01 2001 International Conference on Power Electronics
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• pp.822-828
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• 2001

Three-phase four-wire electrical distribution systems are widely employed in manufacturing plants, commercial and residential buildings. Due to the nonlinear loads connected to the distribution system, the neutral conductor carries excessive harmonic currents even under balanced loading since the triplen harmonics in phase currents do not cancel each other. This may result in wiring failure of the neutral conductor and overloading of the distribution transformer. In response to these concerns, a cost-effective neutral current harmonic suppressor system has been proposed [6]. This paper proposes an improved control method for the harmonic suppressor system under unbalanced load conditions. The proposed control method compensates for only the harmonic components in the neutral conductor, and the zero-sequence fundamental component due to unbalanced loading is prevented from flowing through the harmonic suppressor system. This remedies overloading and power loss of the system. The experimental results on a prototype validate the proposed control approach.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2005

This paper reviews the pivotal phases of the evolution of the current technology-dependent nuclear power safety regulation in the United States. Understanding of this evolution is essential to the development of any future regulatory paradigm, including the technology-neutral regulatory approach that the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has recently embarked on to develop. The paper proposes and examines the implications of a predominately rationalist and best-estimate probabilistic regulatory framework called safety goals-driven performance-based regulation. This framework relies on continuous assessment of performance of a set of time-dependent safety-critical systems, structures and components that assure attainment of a broad set of technology-neutral protective, mitigative, and preventive goals. Finally, the paper discusses the steps needed to develop a corresponding technology-neutral regulatory system from the proposed framework.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2015

In 3-phase 4-wire inverter, the unbalanced loads cause to increase the neutral current which brings the voltage deviation between the split dc-link capacitors to be larger. In order to solve this problem, a neutral leg is provided additively to the ordinary inverter circuit and the associated control methods are devised. This paper proposes a new neutral-leg controller based on a PR controller and shows relatively good performance even under unbalanced linear loads and nonlinear loads. The proposed control strategy illustrates its effectiveness under the various operating conditions through simulation works.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권12호
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• pp.2135-2142
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• 2010

This paper studies the validity about a joint operation of neutral wire and overhead grounding wire in combined distribution systems. The overhead grounding wire and neutral wire are currently installed separately and grounded by common. However there is no any ineffectiveness or electrical problem in case of the proposed system, such system can be operated at real distribution system. Therefore this paper describes the suitability of a joint operation through lightning surge analysis on combined distribution systems. Lightning surge analysis is carried out by EMTP/ATPDraw to obtain the overvoltage of overhead line and underground cable in various conditions such as locations and current types of lightning stroke. Overvoltage gained by the analysis show that the insulation strength of the joint operation case is not stable compare with the current operation case.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2011년도 제42회 하계학술대회
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• pp.535-536
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• 2011

This paper studies the validity about a joint operation of neutral wire and overhead grounding wire in combined distribution systems. The overhead grounding wire and neutral wire are currently installed separately and grounded by common. However there is no any ineffectiveness or electrical problem in case of the proposed system, such system can be operated at real distribution system. Therefore this paper describes the suitability of a joint operation through lightning surge analysis on combined distribution systems and analyzes the optimal position of lightning arrester on joint operation of neutral wire and overhead grounding wire. Lightning surge analysis is carried out by EMTP/ATPDraw to obtain the overvoltage of overhead line and underground cable in various conditions such as location and current types of lightning stroke. Over voltage gained by the analysis show that the insulation strength of the joint operation case is not stable compare with the current operation case.