• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.145-152
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• 2022

Stroke results in balance disorders, these directly affect autonomy and gait ability. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on balance and gait. We included all randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on balance and gait control in patients after stroke. This study was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline. Cochrane library, CINAHL, and PubMed were searched for studies published up to November 2021, and all randomized controlled trails(RCT) assessing PNF therapy were included. This analysis included only RCT. A total of 18 studies were selected from 1091 records obtained from the databases. The meta-analysis was performed using the R project for statistical computing version 4.0.2. The overall intervention effect was middle (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.56) Additionally, berg balance scale (SMD: 0.48), functional reach test (SMD: 0.51), timed up and go test (SMD: 0.78), 10m walking test (SMD: 0.52), and dynamic gait index (SMD: 0.33) had medium effect sizes. The average Pedro scale was 6.63 out of 18, with a low risk of bias. These findings indicate that PNF is an effective therapy for improving balance gait in stroke patients.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to understand the effects of phone weight on the typing performance and muscle recruitment in the neck and upper extremity while typing a text message with dominant hand. The iPhone4 and iPhone5 were compared due to their 28-gram differences in weight. Background: Too much use of a cellular phone can lead the musculoskeletal disorders in the upper extremity. Phone makers tend to make their new models bigger, lighter, faster and smarter. Method: Fourteen healthy volunteers without any history of neuromuscular disorders or ongoing pain who used their smartphone more than one year were recruited. A 112g phone (iPhone5) and a 142g phone (iPhone4) were used for typing the lyric of the Korean national anthem with their dominant hand. Typing duration, the typing error, the perceived fatigue, and preference was investigated. Muscle recruitment and the resting gap of neck (middle trapezius and levator scapula), shoulder (infraspinatus and mid deltoid), elbow (biceps brachii and brachioradialis), thumb (extensor and abductor policis brevis) were collected using surface electromyography. Typing error was counted and typing speed was calculated in characters per min. The data were analyzed using a paired t-test and chi-square (${\chi}^2$) analysis for the effects of phone weight on the typing performance parameters and muscle recruitment. Results: Typing text message with iPhone5 took longer but had less muscle recruitment in brachioradialis, and extensor policis brevis muscles. Lighter weight of iPhone5 made biceps brachii to rest less without increasing the mean %EMG. Conclusion/Application: Findings of this study can be valuable information for phone designers to develop more productive device and for smartphone users to prevent the musculoskeletal disorders in the upper extremities.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.129-139
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• 1997

The data collected to date indicate that sleep-related breathing disorders, including sleep-disordered breathing(sleep apnea) and underlying respiratory system diseases, are one of the important risk factors for cardiovascular dysfunction. Sleep-disordered breathing(sleep apnea) is now recognized as one of the leading causes of systemic hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, coronary heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, right heart failure, and stroke. Sleep may exert a profound effect on breathing in patients with underlying respiratory system disease including bronchopumonary diseases, chest wall abnormalities, central alveolar hypoventilation syndromes or respiratory neuromuscular disorders. Chronic hypoxia and hypercapnia in these patients may accelerate the development of long term cardiovascular complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary hypertension, and right heart failure(cor pulmonale). Several recent studies reported that sleep-related breathing disorders are associated with long-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Careful assessment of respiratory and cardiovascular function in these patients is critical. Aggressive and highly effective treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders using tracheostomy, mechanical ventilation, nasal continuous positive airway pressure therapy(nCPAP), intercurrent oxygen therapy or other interventions can reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular dysfunction and the long-term mortality.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.244-247
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• 2007

Cause of flexible flat foot is predominantly idiopathic but pediatric flexible flatfoot is typically congenital. Neuromuscular disorders, tarsal coalition and prehallux are possible causes and there has been a controversy for diagnosis and surgical treatment guideline. Therefore we present 11-year old male with prehallux and flexible flat foot who was treated with Kidner procedure and subtalar arthroereisis using Kalix endoprothesis and reported good clinical outcome at 2-years follow up postoperatively.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.985-990
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• 2003

Bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis is a rare disease. It is caused by trauma, cardiothoracic surgery, neuromuscular disorders, corvical spondylosis, and infection. A 60 year-old male patient developed bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis after an on-bloc resection of thymic carcinoma which invaded the right upper lobe, pericardium, superior vena cava and innominate vein. Severe respiratory difficulty developed and ventilator weaning was impossible. We performed bilateral diaphragmatic plication. After the operation, satisfactorily ventilator weaning and sleeping in supine position were possible; therefore, we report this case.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.66-71
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• 2006

Some wheelchair users with neuromuscular disorders experience involuntary extensor thrusts, which may cause injuries via impact with the wheelchair, cause the user to slide out of the wheelchair seat, and damage the wheelchair. Knowledge of the human-generated forces during an extensor thrust is of great importance in devising safer, more comfortable wheelchairs. This paper presents an efficient method for identifying human-generated forces during an extensor thrust. We used an inverse dynamic approach with a three-link human body model and a system for measuring human body motion. We developed an experimental system that determines the angular motion of each human body segment and the force at the footrest, which was used to overcome the mathematical indeterminacy of the problem. The proposed method was validated experimentally, illustrating the force-identification process during an extensor thrust.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.4 no.2 s.7
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• pp.100-103
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• 2004

Spinal muscular atrophies are inherited neurodegenerative disorders affecting anterior hem cells. There are various problems, especially weakness of respiratory muscle and abnormal reaction to muscle relaxants during the general anesthesia. And gingival hyperplasia can make the proper airway management difficult. Experience with anesthetic management in a patient with spinal muscular atrophy combined with gingival hyperplasia has been very rare. We report the anesthetic experience of a wheel-chair-bound child, who underwent gingivectomy under general anesthesia. The child was safely managed with fibroscopic nasotracheal intubation under sevoflurane without muscle relaxants. Also, there was no deterioration of her underlying neurologic conditions.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2007

Objective : A large proportion of stroke survivors have to deal with problems in gait. Proper evaluation of gait must be undertaken to understand the sensorimotor impairment underlying locomotor disorders post stroke. Methods : The characteristics of gait pattern with post stroke are reviewed in this paper. In particular, temporal distance parameters, kimematics, kinetics, as well as energy cost, EMG are focused. Results : The technology for gait analysis is moving rapidly. The techniques of 3D kinematic and kinetic analysis can provide a detailed biomechanical description of normal and pathological gait. This article reviews gait analysis method and characteristics of post stroke. Finally current method of gait analysis can provide further insight to understand paretic gait and therapeutic direction.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.287-292
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• 1985

Myasthenia gravis is usually defined as a state of abnormal fatigability. The cause of myasthenia gravis is not known. Several disorders tend to occur more frequently in patients with myasthenia gravis, such as hyperthyroidism or other thyroidal disorder. Anesthetic experience with thymectomies for two patients with myasthenia gravis has been reported. Both of them tolerated the surgical procedures under endoteracheal Nitrous oxide-Oxygen-Halothane anesthesia well. Diagnosis and clinical features including choice of preanesthetic medication, anesthetic agents, techniques and of neuromuscular blocking agents for myasthenic patients have been discussed. Paramount importance of rigid attention to ventilation, the maintenance of a patent airway and the removal of secretions whenever necessary for the patient safety throughout operative and postoperative period has been stressed.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.113-116
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• 2019

Myasthenia gravis (MG) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are distinct disorders. ALS affects motor neurons that control muscle movement, while MG controls communication between neurons and muscles, which occurs at neuromuscular junctions. However, on rare occasions, ALS develops after MG and vice versa. The coexistence of the two diseases represents a diagnostic challenge and requires thoughtful interpretation of clinical features. We present the case of a 53-year-old Korean male who developed ALS after MG, confirmed by clinical and electrophysiological follow-up.