• Title/Summary/Keyword: Neuroectodermal Tumors

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Cytologic Features of Primary Tumors in Central Nervous System (원발성 뇌종양의 세포학적 소견)

  • Oak, Soon-Ae;Chung, Jae-Gul;Gong, Gyung-Yub;Choe, Ghee-Young;Yu, Eun-Sil;Lee, In-Chul
    • The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.90-98
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    • 1994
  • There has been a marked increase in the utility of aspiration cytology for pathologic diagnosis. It may be applied to any kinds of organs and substitutes surgical biopsy. Be cause of the high risk of complication and difficulties In localization, aspiration cytology in the central nervous system (CNS) has been used with less frequency compared to other sites. However, with the advent of sophisticated imaging instruments, aspiration cytology of lesions in the CNS is being used increasingly. We present cytologic features of brain tumors as well as corresponding histologic findings. Eight types of tumors were aspirated intraoperatively and stained with the Papanicolaou method; 1 anaplastic astrocytoma, 1 glioblastoma multiforme, 1 ependymoma, 1 malignant ependymoma, 1 central neurocytoma, 1 primitive neuroectodermal tumor, 1 benign neurogenic tumor and 1 germinoma. Cytologic features of the CNS neoplasms were quite similar to those of histology except one spindle cell tumor. Reviewing various CNS neoplasms, it appears that cytology may be a useful diagnostic method.

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Radiation Treatment for Malignant Small Cell Tumor of the Thoracopulmonary Region (Primitive Pluripotent Histogenesis and Differential Diagnosis - A Case Report and Review of Literatures -) (흉폐부에서 발생한 악성소세포 종양의 방사선치료)

  • Oh, Won-Young;Yang, Jin-Yeong;Whang, In-Soon
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.117-122
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    • 1991
  • Malignant small round cell tumor (SRCT) of the thoracopulmonary region appears to originate in the soft tissues of the chest wall or the peripheral lung. A differential diagnosis of poorly differentiated small round cell tumors which include Ewing's sarcoma of bone and soft tissue, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, Askin tumor, neuroblastoma, peripheral neuroectodermal tumor, small cell osteogenic sarcoma and Iymphoma are often difficult by light microscopy alone. In recent, by the extensive studies electron microscopic examination, histochemical study, immune-chemical study, cytogenetics and gene analysis, these tumors may be derived from the primitive and pluripotential cells, differentiating into mesenchymal, epithelial and neural features in variable proportions. Treatment for SRCT of thoracopulmonary region is not determined because of massive involvement of the lung, pleura or soft tissues of the chest wall resulted in a dismal outcome despite aggressive surgery, irradiation and chemotherapy.

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Surgical Treatment of Primary Spinal Tumors in the Conus Medullaris

  • Han, In-Ho;Kuh, Sung-Uk;Chin, Dong-Kyu;Kim, Keun-Su;Jin, Byung-Ho;Cho, Yong-Eun
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.44 no.2
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    • pp.72-77
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    • 2008
  • Objective : The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and surgical outcome of the conus medullaris tumors. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 26 patients who underwent surgery for conus medullaris tumor from August 1986 to July 2007. We analyzed clinical manifestation, preoperative MRI findings, extent of surgical resection, histopathologic type, adjuvant therapy, and outcomes. Results : There were ependymoma (13), hemangioblastoma (3), lipoma (3), astrocytoma (3), primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) (2), mature teratoma (1), and capillary hemangioma (1) on histopathologic type. Leg pain was the most common symptom and was seen in 80.8% of patients. Pain or sensory change in the saddle area was seen in 50% of patients and 2 patients had severe pain in the perineum and genitalia. Gross total or complete tumor resection was obtained in 80.8% of patients. On surgical outcome. modified JOA score worsened in 26.9% of patients, improved in 34.6%, and remained stable in 38.5%. The mean VAS score was improved from 5.4 to 1.8 among 21 patients who had lower back pain and leg pain. Conclusion : The surgical outcome of conus medullaris tumor mainly depends on preoperative neurological condition and pathological type. The surgical treatment of conus medullaris tumor needs understanding the anatomical and functional characteristics of conus meudllaris tumor for better outcome.

Double Primary Presentation of Liposarcoma and Ewing's Sarcoma: A Case Report (대퇴부 지방육종 수술 후 발생한 반대측 근위 경골의 유잉육종/원시 신경 외배엽 세포종)

  • Park, Hyeong-Won;Jung, Sung-Taek;Nah, Seon-Yoon
    • The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.95-99
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    • 2011
  • The development of different entities of soft tissue sarcoma in one patient is rare. It usually affects head and neck or abdominal region, whereas those affecting the extremities are much rarer. We describe a patient with double primary presentation of liposarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma in extremity. This case implies that sarcoma patients are at increased risk of a second malignancy, and this implies a need to search for occult tumors during follow up.

Sellar-Suprasellar Extraventricular Choroid Plexus Papilloma : A Case Report and Review of the Literature

  • Keskin, Fatih;Erdi, Fatih;Kaya, Bulent;Toy, Hatice
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.59 no.1
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    • pp.58-61
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    • 2016
  • Choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) are relatively rare neuroectodermal tumors that develop from choroid plexus epithelial cells and are usually restricted to the ventricles. Extraventricular CPPs are very unusual and can be difficult to diagnose and treat. A 50-year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic complaining of headache and visual deterioration. Neurological examination found no abnormalities except decreased light perception and secondary optic atrophy in the left eye. Endocrine testing revealed normal levels of hormones produced by the pituitary and target glands. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a huge regular-shaped lesion in the sellar-suprasellar region occupying the sella turcica and extending into the suprasellar cistern and planum sphenoidale. The lesion was completely excised by microsurgery via an ordinary left-sided pterional approach. Histopathology identified the lesion as a choroid plexus papilloma. Following the case report, literature on the origin, differential diagnosis, and treatment of this rare tumor is reviewed.

Results of Treatment for Children with Primary Brain Tumors : Long-Term Follow Up Results of a Single Institute (소아 원발성 뇌종양의 치료 결과 : 단일 기관에서의 장기간 추적 관찰)

  • Choi, Sung-Yeon;Won, Sung-Chul;Lyu, Chuhl-Joo;Oh, Seung-Hwan;Yang, Chang-Hyun;Suh, Chang-Ok;Choi, Joong-Uhn;Kim, Byung-Soo
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.45 no.8
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    • pp.1016-1023
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    • 2002
  • Purpose : Brain tumors are the most common solid tumor in children. We retrospectively investigated the clinical characteristics of pediatric brain tumors, such as age, sex, tumor site and survival, as seen in a single institution over the last 15 years. We tried to evaluate the role of chemotherapy on the survival of some brain tumors. Methods : Three hundred fifty four children with primary brain tumor who were treated at Severance Hospital from Jan. 1985 to Sep. 2001 were enrolled. Results : Pediatric brain tumors were found most frequently in 10-15 years of age group(35.3%) and the ratio of male to female was 1.3 : 1. Supratentorial tumors(52%) were more frequent than infratentorial tumors(48%). Medulloblastoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor(PNET) was the most common type(24.6%), followed by cerebellar astrocytoma(14.1%). Ten year survival rate of medulloblastoma, cerebellar astrocytoma and cerebral astrocytoma were 59.4%, 79.3% and 71%, respectively. The prognosis for brain stem glioma and glioblastoma multiforme were still grim with a 10 year survival rate of 12.7% and 13.3%, respectively. The addition of chemotherapy for high grade medulloblastoma led to an improved 10 year survival rate of 54.5%, compared with 40% without chemotherapy. Conclusion : The combined use of chemotherapy and radiation and surgery improved survival rate of pediatric brain tumors in our study. Chemotherapy for high grade medulloblastoma improved the 10 year survival rate. Further data analysis of the treatment modalities will lead to better comparisons.

Radiotherapy of Supratentorial Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (천막상부 원시신경외배엽 종양의 방사선요법)

  • Kim Il Han;Yoo Hyung Jun;Cho Young Kan;Kim Dae Yong
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.11-18
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    • 1997
  • Purpose : To evaluate the efficacy of combined treatment of surgery and chemoradiotherapy for supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (SPNET) and obtain the Prognostic factors and complications Materials and Methods .The a9e of 18 patients ranged from 1 to 27 years (median=5 years). There were 12 males and 6 females The extents of surgery were gross total (n:9), subtotal (n:8), biopsy only (n: 1). Craniospinal radiotherapy was delivered to all the patients except 2 patients who were treated only with the whole brain and primary lesion. Radiation dose were 3120-5800cGy (median=5460) to primary mass, 1500-4200cGy (median=3600cGy) to the whole brain and 1320-3600cGy (median= 2400 cGy) to the spinal axis. Chemotherapy was done in 13 patients. Median follow-up period was 45 months ranged from 1 to 89 months. Results : Patterns of failure were as follows; local recurrence (1), multiple intracranial recurrence (2), spinal seeding (3), craniospinal seeding (2) and multiple bone metastasis (1). Two of two patients who did not received craniospinal radiotherapy failed at spinal area. All the relapsed cases died at 1 to 13 months after diagnosis of progression. The 2- and 5-rear overall survival rates were $61\%\;and\;49\%$, respectively The a9e, sex, tumor location did not influence the survival but aggressive resection with combined chemotherapy showed better outcome. Among 9 survivors, complications were detected as radiation necrosis (n=1), hypopituitarism (n=2), cognitive defect(n=1), memory deficit (n=1), growth retardation (n=1). Conclusion : To improve the results of treatment of SPNET, maximal surgical resection followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy is necessary. The extended radiation field including craniospinal axis may reduce the recurrence in spinal axis.

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Schwannoma in the maxillary sinus and buccal space: Case report (협간극과 상악동에서 발생한 신경초종 : 증례보고)

  • Choi, Byung-Hwan;Park, Soo-Won;Son, Jang-Ho;Cho, Yeong-Cheol;Sung, Iel-Yong;Byun, Ki-Jung;Kim, Young-Min
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.35 no.6
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    • pp.494-498
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    • 2009
  • Schwannomas are tumors which originate from the neuroectodermal Schwann cell of cranial, intraspinal, peripheral and autonomic nerve sheaths, and they are solitary, benign, slow growing and well encapsulated neoplasm. Schwannomas are usually asymptomatic. No strong gender or age predominance exists. The incidence of extracranial schwannomas in the head and the neck region varies from 25~45%. In addition, schwannomas are rare in the maxillary sinus or buccal space. In this paper, it diagnosed and treated a 54-years old female patient, who had schwannoma in the maxillary sinus derived from infraorbital nerves, the branch of the left trigeminal nerve, and a 19-years old male patient, who had schwannoma arose in the buccal space derived from the buccal branch of the right facial nerve. There was no particular complication except sensory extinction of the nerve in the female patient and paralysis by the nerve in the male patient. It is determined those two cases of schwannoma in the rare portion is valuable and herein, it reports those with literature discussions.

Characterization of Brain Tumor Cell using Vasopressin-SV40 T Ag Transgenic Mouse

  • Kim, Sung-Hyun;Lee, Eun-Ju;Kim, Myoung-Ok;Park, Jun-Hong;Kyoungin-Cho;Jung, Boo-Kyung;Kim, Hee-Chul;Hwang, Sol-Ha;Lee, Hoon-Taek
    • Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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    • 2003.06a
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    • pp.44-44
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    • 2003
  • In previous reports, pVPSV.IGR2.1 transgenic mouse were described that brain tumor and lymphoma by reason of Vasopressin-SV40 T antigen. In this study, we produced pVPSV.IGR3.6 transgenic mouse that used pVPSV.IGR3.6 vector. Expression of transgene was vary different in transgenic mouse. We obtained 6 transgenic mouse line, moreover they had died at the age of 2~6 weeks without transmitting the transgene to their offspring, and had tumorigenesis on same location with pVPSV.IGR2.1 transgenic mouse. Only a founder mouse was investigated for expression of fusion gene. Here we extended this transgenic approach to the study of tumor progression. From the mouse, we confirmed brain tumor cell, after then cultured for investigate characterization. In this report, we demonstrate that reduction of survival rate in transgenic mouse fused vasopressin gene length, acquisition of brain tumor cell, composition with astrocyte cells and neuronal cells. Finally, cells had no change with increase of passage.

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Survival of Patients with Ewing's Sarcoma in Yazd-Iran

  • Akhavan, Ali;Binesh, Fariba;Shamshiri, Hadi;Ghanadi, Fazllolah
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.12
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    • pp.4861-4864
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    • 2014
  • Background: The Ewing's sarcoma family is a group of small round cell tumors which accounts for 10-15% of all primary bone neoplasms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival of Ewing's sarcoma patients in our province and to determine of influencing factors. Materials and Methods: All patients with documented Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor(PNET) family pathology were enrolled in this study during a period of eight years. For all of them local and systemic therapy were carried out. Overall and event free survival and prognostic factors were evaluated. Results: Thirty two patients were enrolled in the study. The median age was 17.5 years. Twenty (65.2%) were male and 9 (28.1%) were aged 14 years or less. Mean disease free survival was 26.8 (95%CI; 13.8-39.9) months and five year disease free survival was 26%. Mean overall survival was 38.7 months (95%CI; 25.9-50.6) and median overall survival was 24 months. Five year overall survival was 25%. From the variables evaluated, only presence of metastatic disease at presentation (p value=0. 028) and complete response (p value =0. 006) had significant relations to overall survival. Conclusions: Survival of Ewing's sarcoma in our province is disappointing. It seems to be mostly due to less effective treatment. Administration of adequate chemotherapy dosage, resection of tumor with negative margins and precise assessment of irradiation volume may prove helpful.