• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

In this paper, we propose an efficient network communication scheme tailored to the network virtual reality(NVR) system. We first present the architecture and implementation of CVRAT (collaborative virtual reality authoring tool). The design goal of CVRAT is to provide consistent and scalable shared virtual environments. To achieve this goal, we classify the network messages according to their reliability and latency requirements. These conflicting requirements lead us to conceive a heterogeneous communication scheme which provides the unicast and three different multicast transport services; unreliable multicast, receiver-driven reliable multicast, fast reliable multicast. Each protocol has trade-offs in reliability, latency and bandwidth usage. The characteristics are analyzed by several experiments. Finally, applying this communication method to multi-participant battle-field tank simulation, we show the efficacy of proposed heterogeneous transport mechanism.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2012

Next generation cellular applications and smart phone usage generate very heavy wireless data traffic. It becomes ineluctable for mobile network operators to have multiple core network entities such as Serving Gateway and Packet Data Network Gateway in 4G-LTE to share this high traffic generated. A typical configuration consists of multiple serving gateways behind a load-balancer which would determine which serving gateway would service a end-users'request. Such hardware is expensive, has a rigid policy set, and is a single point of failure. Another perspective of today's increasingly high data traffic is that besides it is being widely accepted that the high bandwidth L TE provides is creating bottlenecks for service providers by the increasing user bandwidth demands without creating any corresponding revenue improvements, a hidden problem that is also passively advancing on the newly emerging 4G-LTE that may need more immediate attention is the network signaling traffic, also known as the control-plane traffic that is generated by the applications developed for smartphones and tablets. With this as starting point, in this paper, we propose a solution, by a new approach considering OpenFlow switch connected to a controller, which gains flexibility in policy, costs less, and has the potential to be more robust to failure with future generations of switches. This also solves the problem of scaling the control-plane traffic that is imperative to preserve revenue and ensure customer satisfaction. Thus, with the proposed architecture with OpenFlow, mobile network operators could manipulate the traffic generated by the control-plane signaling separated from the data-plane, besides also reducing the cost in installing multiple core-network entities.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권3B호
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• pp.390-397
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• 2010

본 논문은 IPTV 서비스를 제공함에 있어, 네트워크 효율성과 채널 변경 지연을 고려하는 효과적인 채널 관리 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 각 채널의 타입과 각 채널을 통해 전송될 영상 데이터에 삽입할 부가적인 인트라 프레임의 개수를 조절하여, 각 사용자의 최대 평균 채널 변경 지연이 임계값 이하가 되도록 하면서 IPTV 서비스 관련 네트워크 대역폭 사용량을 최소화한다. 실험 결과에서 제안하는 알고리즘의 성능을 보인다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.45-56
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• 1999

It is necessary that we should control the traffic to not only efficiently use the rich bandwidth of ATM network but also satisfy the users various requirements for service quality. However, it is very difficult to decide which control mechanism would be applied in real network because there are various types of ATM traffic and traffic control mechanisms. In this paper, a smart simulator is developed ot analyze the performance of a UPC(Usage Parameter Control) mechanism which is a typical traffic control mechanism. The simulator consists of a user interface that supports a menu-driven input form and a simulation program that is executed with the users input parameters. Especially, the simulator establishes more powerful and flexible simulation environment since it supports a more complex simulation applying various source traffic to several different UPC mechanisms at the same time and allows an arbitrary user-defined traffic in addition to some well-known traffic.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(3)
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• pp.177-180
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• 2002

This paper introduces a new distributed QoS (Quality of Service) control system for clusters of web servers. The proposed system can employ not only network bandwidth but also other metrics such as processor load, memory usage, and storage access load that affect the overall system performance. Moreover, it controls over clustered\ulcorner workstations in of-der to utilize idle resources among workstations. This architecture maximizes overall usage of cluster of web servers while it provides predictable and differentiated performance for each contents volume. We implemented a prototype of introduced system, and the test results showed the proposed method can control QoS in a cluster server system.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권12B호
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• pp.1058-1067
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• 2006

무선 인지 기술 환경에서 CR 기지국이 숨겨진 인컴번트 시스템의 등장으로 인해 CR 사용자와 통신이 불가하고 인컴번트 사용자가 간섭을 받을 때, 이를 해결하기 위한 시그널링 방법에 관한 것으로 숨겨진 인컴번트 시스템의 검출을 위한 프로토콜을 제안한다. 특히 아웃밴드 시그널링 검출 방법을 통해 상향링크 및 하향링크 프레임 구조를 이용하여 단말의 채널상태 보고 방법과 이에 대한 기지국의 확인방법 및 절차를 제안한다. 서로 다른 CR 기지국이 공존하는 방법으로 낮은 충돌 확률로 아웃밴드 시그널링 메시지를 전송할 수 있도록 하고 이 때 주파수 사용 효율을 높이기 위해 분할 주파수 대역을 사용한다. 이를 통해 무선 인지 기술에서의 신뢰성 있고 효율적인 아웃밴드 시그널링 프로토콜을 제안한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2001년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.142-145
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 PSTN과 PSDN망의 통합 망 설계 기술에 대하여 연구하였다. 망 구조모델은 소프트 스위칭과 액세스 게이트 웨이을 이용함으로써, 기존의 SONET기반 네트워크가 제공해줄 수 없는 대역폭 대비 사용료와 실시간/웹기반의 다양한 서비스를 창출할 수 있다. 또한 각 영역의 수행기능과 지역 망의 가입자 구축에 있어서 각 망을 지역권으로 구분함으로써 망복구능력이 탁월하다. 전용망 사용비용으로 대체되기 때문에 통신비용의 대폭적인 절감과 부수적으로 자체적인 통신망 활용을 극대화할 수 있다는 것이다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2003

그리드 기술은 지리적으로 분산된 컴퓨팅 자원을 활용하기에 다양한 자원에 대한 정보를 관리하는 기술이 필요하며, 이는 자원 관리 시스템에서 자원을 모니터링하여 이루어진다. 자원 상태 정보가 실시간으로 변하여 주기적으로 모니터링을 해야 하므로 이에 따른 오버헤드가 예상된다. 본 논문에서는 CPU상태 변화 정도를 관찰하여 시스템 상태를 파악하고 이를 모니터링 주기에 적용시키고자 한다. 즉 그리드 환경의 중요한 요소인 자원의 상태를 고려하여 자율적으로 자원의 상태에 따른 모니터링 주기를 조절하는 시스템을 모델링 하였다. 자원의 CPU 상태를 관찰해 CPU의 상태 변화율에 따라 자원의 상태 변화를 파악하여 모니터링 주기를 조절함으로써 모니터링에 의한 오버헤드가 감소하였음을 실험을 통해 증명하였다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.765-784
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• 2019

The smart city is one of the most promising, prominent, and challenging applications of the Internet of Things (IoT). Smart cities rely on everything connected to each other. This in turn depends heavily on technology. Technology literacy is essential to transform a city into a smart, connected, sustainable, and resilient city where information is not only available but can also be found. The smart city vision combines emerging technologies such as edge computing, blockchain, artificial intelligence, etc. to create a sustainable ecosystem by dramatically reducing latency, bandwidth usage, and power consumption of smart devices running various applications. In this research, we present a comprehensive survey of emerging technologies for a sustainable smart city network. We discuss the requirements and challenges for a sustainable network and the role of heterogeneous integrated technologies in providing smart city solutions. We also discuss different network architectures from a security perspective to create an ecosystem. Finally, we discuss the open issues and challenges of the smart city network and provide suitable recommendations to resolve them.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2019

This paper introduces the 5G spectrum auction in Germany that occurred last summer and ended overheatedly after an extraordinarily long period. We describe the context of the latest German spectrum auction and trace the participants' bidding behavior. This case details the trend of the 5G spectrum auction and the factors that affect the spectrum auction as follows: First, it is determined that investment obligations that force network installations can be a financial burden to mobile network operators (MNOs) and require a careful approach. Second, excess demands can cause auction overheating and the spectrum supply volume needs to be determined by a proper demand forecast and investment incentive. Third, 'Set-Aside' for local usage aids in developing the vertical industry; however it limits the spectrum supply for mobiles and leads to higher bidding prices. Fourth, a modified adoption of a typical spectrum auction can alleviate MNO's financial burdens to secure the broadband spectrum. Finally, competition to secure the necessary bandwidth in the situation of limited spectrum supply may delay the process of the spectrum auction, causing it overheated.