• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.483-484
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• 2007

In this paper, we describe a chip design technique for instrumentation amplifier using a nested-chopping technique. Conventional chopping technique uses a pair of chopper, but nested chopping technique uses two pairs of chopper to reduce residual offset and 1/f noise. The inner chopper pair removes the 1/f noise, while the outer chopper pair reduces the residual offset. Our instrumentation amplifier using a nested chopping technique has residual offset under 100 nV. We also implement very low frequency filter. Since this filter needs very large RC time constant, we use a technique named 'diode connected PMOS' to increase R with small die area. The total power consumption is 3.1 mW at the supply voltage of 3.3V with the 0.35um general CMOS technology. The die area of implemented chip was $530um{\times}300um$.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.7
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• pp.871-877
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a triple nested PID control scheme for stable hovering of a quadrotor and propose a complementary filter based sensor fusion technique to improve the performance of attitude, altitude and velocity measurement. The triple nested controller has a structure in which a double nested attitude controller that has the angular velocity PD controller in inner loop and the angular PI controller in outer loop, is nested in a velocity control loop to enable stable hovering even in the case of disturbance. We also propose a sensor fusion technique by applying a complementary filter in order to reduce the noise and drift error included in the acceleration and gyro sensor and to measure the velocity by fusing image, gyro, and acceleration sensor. In order to verity the performance, we applied the proposed control and measurement scheme to hovering control of quadrotor.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.140-150
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• 1996

Loops are some of the richest program constructs where parallelism is available. Exploiting fine-grain parallelizm out these constructs is particularly important in light of the growing popularity of superscalar and VLIW machines. This paper explains how the fine-grain parallelization techniques can be generalized to handle nested loops. Our technique integrates nested loop parallelization techniques at the fine-grain level, thus exposing more fine-grain parallelism, and is flexible enough to handle non-perfectly nested loops. Examples and some experimental results are presented to illustrate our approach.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.227-233
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• 2009

Local malaria transmission in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) came to an end in 1997. Nevertheless, UAE has been subjected to substantial importation of malaria cases from abroad, concerning both UAE nationals and immigrants from malarious countries with a total number of 2,119 cases in 2007. To evaluate a new DNA extraction technique using nested PCR, blood samples were collected from 132 individuals who presented to Infectious Diseases Department in Rashid Hospital, Dubai, and Central Department of Malaria Control with fever and persistent headache. Giemsa-stained blood films and ELISA test for malaria antibodies were carried out for detection of Plasmodium infection. Plasmodium infections were identified with the genus-specific primer set and species differentiation using nested PCR. A rapid procedure for diagnosis of malaria infections directly from dried blood spots using for the first time DNA extract from FTA Elute cards was evaluated in contrast to extraction techniques using FTA classic cards and rapid boiling technique. Our new simple technique for DNA extraction using FTA Elute cards was very sensitive giving a sensitivity of 100% compared to 94% using FTA classic cards and 62% in the rapid boiling technique. No complex preparation of blood samples was required prior to the amplification. The production cost of DNA isolation in our PCR assay was much less incomparable to that of other DNA extraction protocols. The nested PCR detected plasmodial infection and could differentiate P. falciparum from P. vivax, and also detected the mixed infection.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.225-229
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• 2002

We report that mycoplasma organisms from lung tissues of slaughter pigs were identified to genes fragments with references use of nested-PCR technique(nPCR). Seven strains of mycoplasma species were isolated from 70 lung tissues. The organisms were detected by in vitro amplification of 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes. Nucleotide sequences of the spacer between 16S and 23S in the ribosomal RNA operons of mycoplasma were identified by the analysis of products from the nested PCR. Four common PCR primers, MhF1, MhF2 MhR1 and MhR2, were designed by analysis between these sequences by first amplified with F1, R1 and second with F2, R2, respectively. Specific amplification of the spacer region for reference strains of M. hyopneumoniae, M. hyorhinis, M. flocculare were confirmed by first round of PCR in which the traduced fragments of 690bp, 460bp, 630bp. But amplications of second round was changed to 240bp, 210bp, 230bp, respectively. Three different strains (M. hyopneumoniae:4, M. hyorhinis:2, M. flocculare:1) were detected by the nested-PCR technique. The results suggest that the detection of swine mycoplasma by n-PCR can be analyzed the nucleotide sequences between rRNA operons and homology study.

• BMB Reports
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.356-361
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• 2004

To develop a simplified method that can rapidly prepare DNA microarray probes in a massive scale, a lambda phage genomic DNA-fragments library was constructed for the microarray-probes collection. Four methods of DNA band recovery from the first PCR products were tested and compared. The DNA microarray probes were collected by a novel method of nested PCR that was mediated by gel isolation of the first PCR products. This method was named GIN-PCR. The probes that were prepared by this GIN-PCR technique were used as subjects to fabricate a DNA microarray. The results showed that a wooden toothpick was superior to the other 3 methods, since this technique can steadily transfer the DNA bands as the template of the second PCR after the first PCR. A group of probes were successfully collected and DNA microarrays were constructed using these probes. Hybridization results demonstrated that this technique of DNA recovery and probe preparation was rapid, efficient, and effective. We developed a cost-effective and less labor-intensive method for DNA microarray probe preparation by nested PCR that is mediated by wooden toothpick transfer of the DNA bands in the gel after electrophoresis.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.105-120
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• 1997

One of the most important issues of object-oriented geographical database system is to develop an indexing technique which enables more efficient I/O processing within aggregation hierarchy or inheritance hierarchy. Up to present, several indexing schemes have been developed for this purpose. However, they have separately focused on aggregation hierarchy or inheritance hierarchy of object-oriented data model. A recent research is proposing a nested-inherited index which combines these two hierarchies simultaneously. However, this new index has some weak points. It has high storage costs related to its use of auxiliary index. Also, it cannot clearly represent the inheritance relationship among classes within its index structure. To solve these problems, this thesis proposes a pointer-chain index. Using pointer chain directory, this index composes a hierarchy-typed chain to show the hierarchical relationship among classes within inheritance hierarchy. By doing these, it could fetch the OID list of objects to be retrieved more easily than before. In addition, the pointer chain directory structure could accurately recognize target cases and subclasses and deal with "select-all" typed query without collection of schema semantic information. Also, it could avoid the redundant data storing, which usually happens in the process of using auxiliary index. This study evaluates the performance of pointer chain indexing technique by way of simulation method to compare nested-inherited index. According to this simulation, the pointer chain index is proved to be more efficient with regard to storage cost than nested-inherited index. Especially in terms of retrieval operation, it shows efficient performance to that of nested-inherited index.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.111-120
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• 2006

In a two-stage two-level balanced nested design, type I error rates for the parametric tests and the rank transformed tests for the main effects and the nested effects are in overall similar to each other. Furthermore, powers for the rank transformed statistic for the main effects and the nested effects in a two-stage two-level balanced nested design are generally superior to powers for the parametric statistic When the effect size and the sample size are increased, we can find that powers increase for the parametric statistic and the rank transformed statistic are dramatically improved. Especially for the case of the fixed effects in the asymmetric distributions such as an exponential distribution, powers for the rank transformed tests are quite high rather than powers for the parametric tests.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.30 no.7_8
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• pp.341-351
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• 2003

For debugging effectively the shared-memory programs with nested parallelism, it is important to detect efficiently the first races which incur non-deterministic executions of the programs. Previous on-the-fly technique detects the first races in two passes, and shows inefficiencies both in execution time and memory space because the size of an access history for each shared variable depends on the maximum parallelism of program. This paper proposes a new on-the-fly technique to detect the first races in two passes, which is constant in both the number of event comparisons and the space complexity on each access to shared variable because the size of an access history for each shared variable is a small constant. This technique therefore makes on-the-fly race detection more efficient and practical for debugging shared-memory programs with nested parallelism.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2000

Recently cases of canine distemper have occurred in Korea despite vaccination was carried out nationwidely. This study was performed to establish rapid diagnosis of canine distemper by RT-PCR, nested PCR, and serological test. A total of 30 dogs, which were suspected canine distemper clinically, was examined. RT-PCR and nested PCR were specific for the amplification of CDV H gene and sensitive to detect 7 TCID50 of Onderstepoort strain. By RT-PCR, H gene was detected in 6(20%) of 30 peripheral bloods from dogs. And H gene was detected in 10(33.3%) of 30 samples by nested PCR. H gene was detected from 1 brain of 6 years-old Beagle dog and 1 lung of 2 months-old Shihtzu dog, in which peripheral blood H gene was not detected. Serum neutralizing antibody titer against Onderstepoort strain ranged from 4 to 1,024 in 30 patients. No correlation was observed between the results of nested PCR and titiers of neutralizing antibody.