• 대한비뇨기종양학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.126-134
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the radiation therapy (RT) and radical prostatectomy (RP) of high-risk or locally advanced prostate cancer (PC) patients after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study evaluated patients underwent RT (42 patients) or RP (152 patients) after NHT at a single center during 2003-2014. Times to biochemical recurrence (BCR), pelvic local recurrence (PLR), metastasis, clinical painful symptom progression (CPSP), castration-resistant PC (CRPC), and overall survival were compared between the RT and RP groups, after adjustment for TN stage, using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Results: Significant inter-group differences were observed for age, Gleason score, initial PSA, and clinical and pathological T stages (all p<0.05). During a median follow-up of 71.7 months, the overall incidences of BCR, PLR, metastasis, CPSP, CRPC, and death were 49.5%, 16.5%, 8.3%, 7.7%, 7.7%, and 17.5%, respectively. The median times to BCR were 100 months for RT and 36.2 months for RP (p=0.004), although the median times were not reached for the other outcomes (all p>0.05). The independent predictor of CPSP was RP (hazard ratio, 0.291; p=0.013). Conclusions: Despite significantly different baseline parameters, RP provided better CPSP-free survival than RT among patients with localized high-risk or locally advanced PC.

• Clinical Endoscopy
• /
• 제57권1호
• /
• pp.112-121
• /
• 2024

Background/Aims: Since the usefulness of neoadjuvant chemo(radiation) therapy (NAT) for pancreatic cancer has been demonstrated, recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) in patients with pancreatic cancer with a fully covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS) during NAT is expected to increase. This study investigated the impact of sarcopenia on RBO in this setting. Methods: Patients were divided into normal and low skeletal muscle index (SMI) groups and retrospectively analyzed. Patient characteristics, overall survival, time to RBO (TRBO), stent-related adverse events, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the risk factors for short TRBO. Results: A few significant differences were observed in patient characteristics, overall survival, stent-related adverse events, and postoperative complications between 38 patients in the normal SMI group and 17 in the low SMI group. The median TRBO was not reached in the normal SMI group and was 112 days in the low SMI group (p=0.004). In multivariate analysis, low SMI was the only risk factor for short TRBO, with a hazard ratio of 5.707 (95% confidence interval, 1.148-28.381; p=0.033). Conclusions: Sarcopenia was identified as an independent risk factor for RBO in patients with pancreatic cancer with FCSEMS during NAT.

• 대한영상의학회지
• /
• 제84권3호
• /
• pp.550-564
• /
• 2023

자기공명영상은 현재 선행보조치료 후 직장암을 평가할 수 있는 가장 우수한 영상검사이다. 선행보조치료 후 시행하는 직장 자기공명영상의 목적은 직장암의 절제가능성을 평가하고 임상적으로 완전관해로 생각되는 환자들에서 장기 보존 전략을 적용할 수 있게 하는 것이다. 이번 종설에서는 선행보조치료 후 자기공명영상에서 평가해야 할 중요한 소견들을 체계적으로 평가하는 방법을 다루고자 한다. 먼저 원발 종양의 치료 반응을 평가하고, 완전관해를 시사하는 영상 소견에 대해 고찰하고자 한다. 또한 선행보조치료 후 원발 종양과 주변 구조물과의 관계, 임파절, extramural venous invasion, tumor deposit의 소견을 다루고자 한다. 이러한 영상 소견 및 임상적 중요성에 대한 지식은 정확하고 임상적으로 의미 있는 판독을 제공하는데 기여할 것이다.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.118-123
• /
• 2022

A recent successful prospective randomized control study comparing open distal pancreatectomy with laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) has shown that LDP is a safe and effective surgical modality in treating left-sided pancreatic pathological conditions requiring surgical extirpation. With the accumulating surgical experiences and improved surgical techniques, we recently reported several cases of successful LDP in advanced pancreatic cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Herein, we report a case of LDP with celiac axis resection (LDP-CAR) in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A 58-yearold female with LAPC was referred to our institution. Computed tomography (CT) findings revealed a 24-mm mass in the pancreatic body that showed celiac artery (CA), common hepatic artery abutment. There was no abutment with superior mesenteric artery, superior mesenteric vein, and portal vein. From these findings, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (FORFIRINOX) was performed biweekly. After 8 cycles of chemotherapy, the tumor size was slightly decreased (24 mm to 16 mm), but still abutting to CA. After 14 cycles of chemotherapy, CT revealed the same tumor size (16 mm) still abutting to CA. LDP-CAR was performed. Intraoperative ultrasonography gastric perfusion and hepatic perfusion were confirmed using indocyanine green. The patient recovered without complications and was discharged from the hospital nine days after the surgery.

• Journal of Breast Cancer
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.425-432
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is rare, and its cause and prognosis are not well known. Additionally, treatment is limited with respect to the risk to the fetus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics and treatment trends of PABC and the survival rate according to the treatment. Methods: In the Korean Breast Cancer Society Registry database, women younger than 50 years and who were diagnosed with breast cancer from 1996 to 2015 were included. PABC was defined as breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy or within 1 year after delivery. Results: We examined 411 patients with PABC and 83,381 patients with non-PABC. Over time, the proportions of patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy increased, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy administration rates also increased. In the past, the overall survival of patients with PABC was poorer than that of patients with non-PABC, but there was no difference in overall survival rates in more recent years. There was no difference in overall survival rates between patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-2.49; p=0.459), but PABC conferred poorer prognosis than non-PABC in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.27-2.08; p<0.001). Conclusion: There was no difference in the prognosis between patients with PABC and those with non-PABC receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The increase in neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to current treatment guidelines is expected to improve the survival rate of patients with PABC.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.61-64
• /
• 2019

We report two cases of patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection. In the first case, main mass was located at the neck of the pancreas, encasing superior mesenteric artery and peritoneal seeding was suspected. In the second case, main mass was located at the body of pancreas and superior mesenteric artery was encased. Both patients received FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy regimen, consisting of 5-FU, folinic acid, irinotecan and oxaliplatin. In both cases, tumor size decreased and vascular involvement regressed in response to chemotherapy. After subsequent chemoradiation therapy, both patients underwent surgical resection with negative resection margin. The pathological stages were ypT1cN0 and ypT1aN0, respectively. Both patients received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with 6 cycles of 5-FU/folinic acid and remained without evidence of disease for more than 6 months after the surgery.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.247-255
• /
• 2014

Purpose: To determine whether neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (NADT) improves clinical outcomes in patients with prostate cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 201 patients with prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy between January 1991 and December 2008. Of these, 156 patients with more than 3 years of follow-up were the subjects of this study. The median duration of follow-up was 91.2 months. NADT was given in 103 patients (66%) with median duration of 3.3 months (range, 1.0 to 7.7 months). Radiation dose was escalated gradually from 64 Gy to 81 Gy using intensity-modulated radiotherapy technique. Results: Biochemical relapse-free survival (BCRFS) and overall survival (OS) of all patients were 72.6% and 90.7% at 5 years, respectively. BCRFS and OS of NADT group were 79.5% and 89.8% at 5 years and those of radiotherapy alone group were 58.8% and 92.3% at 5 years, respectively. Risk group (p = 0.010) and radiation dose ${\geq}70Gy$ (p = 0.017) affected BCRFS independently. NADT was a significant prognostic factor in univariate analysis, but not in multivariate analysis (p = 0.073). Radiation dose ${\geq}70Gy$ was only an independent factor for OS (p = 0.007; hazard ratio, 0.261; 95% confidence interval, 0.071-0.963). Conclusion: NADT prior to definitive radiotherapy did not result in significant benefit in terms of BCRFS and OS. NADT should not be performed routinely in the era of dose-escalated radiotherapy.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.385-394
• /
• 2020

Purpose: Patients with gastric cancer who receive neoadjuvant therapy are staged before treatment (cStage) and after treatment (ypStage). We aimed to compare the prognostic reliability of cStage and ypStage, alone and in combination. Materials and Methods: Data for all patients who received neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma from 2004 to 2015 were extracted from the National Cancer Database. Kaplan-Meier (KM)curves were used to model overall survival based on cStage alone, ypStage alone, cStage stratified by ypStage, and ypStage stratified by cStage. P-values were generated to summarize the differences in KM curves. The discriminatory power of survival prediction was examined using Harrell's C-statistics. Results: We included 8,977 patients in the analysis. As expected, increasing cStage and ypStage were associated with worse survival. The discriminatory prognostic power provided by cStage was poor (C-statistic 0.548), while that provided by ypStage was moderate (C-statistic 0.634). Within each cStage, the addition of ypStage information significantly altered the prognosis (P<0.0001 within cStages I-IV). However, for each ypStage, the addition of cStage information generally did not alter the prognosis (P=0.2874, 0.027, 0.061, 0.049, and 0.007 within ypStages 0-IV, respectively). The discriminatory prognostic power provided by the combination of cStage and ypStage was similar to that of ypStage alone (C-statistic 0.636 vs. 0.634). Conclusions: The cStage is unreliable for prognosis, and ypStage is moderately reliable. Combining cStage and ypStage does not improve the discriminatory prognostic power provided by ypStage alone. A ypStage-based prognosis is minimally affected by the initial cStage.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.141-150
• /
• 2023

Pancreatic carcinosarcoma is a very rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. Because of these characteristics, a treatment strategy for it has not been established yet. The aim of this study was to establish a therapeutic strategy for pancreatic carcinosarcoma. We reviewed data of a 65-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with pancreatic carcinosarcoma through endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy before surgery. For literature review, we searched PubMed using terms of "Pancreatic" or "Pancreas" and "carcinosarcoma" or "carcinosarcomatous". The patient received 11 cycles of neoadjuvant treatment with leucovorin, fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin and pembrolizumab because the tumor was borderline resectable. She underwent stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) with 35 Gy in 5 fractions, followed by robotic pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. After surgery, the patient received adjuvant chemotherapy in the same regimen as before surgery. She is alive without any recurrence. Among 48 patients within 33 available papers, the median survival time was 15 months. The survival rate of patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy tended to be higher than that of those who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy, although the difference was not statistically significant (median survival, 47 vs. 15 months; p = 0.485). Three patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy had a survival period of 13-23.5 months. Surgery with lymphadenectomy, adjuvant therapy, and neoadjuvant therapy are thought to help improve survival outcomes. Modern treatment approaches for conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma could be applied to pancreatic carcinosarcoma.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.255-262
• /
• 1997

목적 : 진행된 자궁경부암에서 방사선치료 단독과 비교하여 항암화학요법과 방사선 병용치료의 성적을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 계명대학교 동산의료원 치료방사선과에서 1988년 6월부터 1993년 12월까지 FIGO병기 IIb, III, IV자궁경부암으로 근치적 방사선치료를 받은 76명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 모든 환자는 외부방사선치료와 강내방사선치료를 시행받았다. 방사선 단독으로 치료한 환자는 36명이었고 Cisplatin을 포함한 항암화학요법후 방사선치료를 시행한 환자는 40명이었다. 병기는 FIGO 분류상 IIb가 48명. IIIa가 3명, IIIb가 23명, IVa가 2명이었고 환자의 평균 연령은 53세이었고 환자의 추적기간은 7개월에서 95개월로 중앙추적기간은 58개월이었다. 결과 :완전관해는 방사선치료 단독군은 31명$(86.1\%)$, 병용치료군은 32명$(80\%)$로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 전체 환자의 5년생존률은 $67.3\%$이었고 병기별 5년 생존률은 IIb가 $74\%$, IIIa는 $66.7\%$, IIIb는 $49.8\%$, IVa는 $50\%$이었다. 치료방법에 따른 5년생존률은 방사선치료단독군은 $74.1\%$, 병용치료군은 $61.4\%$(P=0.4)로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 5년 무병생존률은 방사선치료 단독군은 $65.8\%$, 병용치료군은 $57.5\%$(P=0.27)이었고 5년 국소제어률은 방사선치료 단독군은 $71.5\%$, 병용치료군은 $60\%$(P=0.17)이었으며 5년 원격제어률은 방사선치료 단독군은 $80.7\%$, 병용치료군은 $89.9\%$(P=0.42)이었다. 치료에 따른 골수억제는 방사선치료 단독군에서 4명 $(11.1\%)$, 병용치료군에서는 9명$(22.5\%)$가 관찰되었다. Grade 11 방광염이 방사선치료 단독군에서 2명에서 관찰 되었고 grade II 직장염이 방사선치료 단독군에서 2명, 병행치료군에서 2명, 외과적 수술이 필요했던 직장천공 1명과 보존적으로 치료된 장폐쇄 1명이 방사선치료 단독군에서 관찰되었다. 치료에 따른 부작용은 양군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결 론:진행된 자궁경부암에서 방사선치료 단독군과 비교하여 항암화학요법과 방사선 병용요법이 생존률, 치료실패, 부작용 등에 영향을 미치지 않았다.